scholarly journals Frameworks used in cluttering treatments: Past, present, and future

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Judith Felson Duchan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Treatment Choices ◽  
Alternative Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

BACKGROUND: This integrative review is of two literatures on cluttering treatments. It integrates into those two reviews a third literature to show an alternative way for cluttering to be treated in the future. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to encourage professionals involved in treating those who clutter to reflect on how conceptual frameworks can affect their treatment choices. METHODS: Works from three literatures on interventions are examined. Literatures covering two historic periods of cluttering treatments are compared to one another and to a third literature that offers an alternative framework for working with those who clutter. RESULTS: Treatment approaches to cluttering have almost universally focused on remediating impairments associated with the disorder. This impairment focus flows from a medical model –a model that views cluttering as a disease, located in the person, in need of remediation. An alternative framework, called the social model, one that focuses on the social conditions surrounding cluttering, is reviewed for its applicability to cluttering therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The medical model, used by authors since cluttering first appeared in the literature, carries within it assumptions about the selection and sequencing of clinical goals aimed at reducing cluttering symptoms. The social model alternative would likely shift the focus to working on ways for promoting the life participation of those who clutter. The applicability of social model practices to the treatment of cluttering is explored and encouraged.

2. The politics of social work

2015 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Sally Holland ◽  
Jonathan Scourfield
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Social Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Fault ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Social work is inherently political because its parameters are set by the government of the day and many social workers are employed by the state and have important legal powers through that employment. ‘The politics of social work’ focuses on some of the main fault-lines of debate about social work’s purpose and methods, including assumptions, principles, and values. The four big debates considered are individual problems vs social conditions; understanding the past vs practical help with present functioning; intervention vs non-intervention; and the medical model vs the social model. It also looks at the relationship between social work and government.

scholarly journals The impact of forms of unemployment on the social conditions in the Palestinian society from the point of view of the Palestinian youth in the current period between 2015 – 2019: تأثير أشكال البطالة على الأوضاع الاجتماعية في المجتمع الفلسطيني من وجهة نظر الشباب الفلسطيني في الفترة الزمنية الحالية ما بين 2015 – 2019م

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmajid Nayif Alawneh
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Palestinian Society ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

    The research aims to study the impact of unemployment on the social conditions in the Palestinian society from the point of view of the unemployed youth, especially in the current time period (2019), the researcher used the descriptive analytical method, and the research community consists of young people in the governorate of Ramallah. The researcher used the questionnaire tool, and the data were analyzed by the analysis program (SPSS). It was found that the majority of youth are unemployed, they are middle age, single and large families, urban residents, people with specialties and low income. As for the results of the research, there was an increase in the impact of the forms of unemployment on the social conditions of the individual, family and society and their outlook towards the future, came the highest degree on the social conditions of the individual (6. 90%) and then the social conditions of the family (3. 83%), Followed by the societal conditions to reach the value (78%), came the lowest values ​​for the outlook for the future, which amounted to (67%). Some of the features of the impact of unemployment, including the tension, anxiety and frustration of the young group. As for the nature of the relationship between the variables of the study, there was a statistically significant relationship between the combined unemployment and the low income, between the apparent, persuasive and compulsory unemployment, and the individual, family and societal situations and the outlook for them. At the end of the research a number of recommendations were made, most notably the need to balance the types of education and activate the social and cultural role of the family.  

scholarly journals "What is disability? It depends whose shoes you are wearing": Parent understandings of the concept of disability

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Cologon
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Parent Perspectives ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
Medical Models ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
The Social

This study investigates parent perspectives on the meaning of 'disability'. One hundred and twenty-one parents in Australia, each of whom have one or more children labelled with impairments, participated in this study. Parent definitions of disability are considered in light of the contrasting dominant deficit discourse involved in the medical model pathologizing of children labelled with impairments, and the social model positioning of disability as oppression of a minority group. Thematic analysis is used to examine parent views and to consider the relevance of social and medical models of disability to families. This study, that forms part of a larger study on family experiences of inclusion and exclusion, contributes to developing a deeper understanding of family experiences and the ways in which parents define disability. Overall, Thomas' social relational model of disability was found to be particularly salient to understanding the experiences of the families participating in this study.

scholarly journals Daouidi v Bootes Plus SL and the Concept of ‘Disability’ in EU Anti-Discrimination Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Direct Discrimination ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Daouidi v Bootes Plus SL is one the latest decisions in which the CJEU has been directly confronted with the concept of disability in the realm of EU anti-discrimination legislation. In particular, in this judgment, the Court attempted to identify when the dismissal of a worker due to temporary incapacity of an unknown duration may constitute direct discrimination on the grounds of disability. This decision appears to be significant in that, for the first time, the CJEU discusses the meaning of ‘long-term limitation’ for the purpose of Directive 2000/78. Although the Court treads carefully, it attempts to further elucidate and bring new elements to the definition of disability in EU anti-discrimination law. In spite of the fact that the Court is potentially widening the notion of disability, it appears, once again, quite reticent in its approach to the role of social, environmental and attitudinal barriers in disabling an individual, and remains somewhat ‘trapped’ in the medical model of disability. All in all, this analysis endeavors to highlight that the CJEU is struggling to move beyond a rhetorical recognition of the social model of disability and to apply this in practice.

“Almost Equal”: Confronting Norms and Normality in Experiencing Visual Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 089692052094536
Author(s):  
Hana Porkertová
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Critical Disability Studies ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Czech Society

This article examines the everyday experience of visually disabled people with norms and normality and confronts it with three approaches discussed in disability studies: (i) the medical model, (ii) the social model, and (iii) critical disability studies. The most available model to the people in the study, as well as the most widespread approach in Czech society, is the medical model. However, the text shows that although other approaches are rather marginal, their logic is present in the everyday experience of the communication partners in the research. They can espouse the rigid, medical model, while, at the same time, confronting the construction of norms that both the social model and critical disability studies defy. This finding reveals both the normative and subversive character of disability, manifested in visually impaired experience.

Disability as Disjuncture: A Theory to Guide Social Work Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1and2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth DePoy ◽  
Stephen Gilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
Negative Stereotyping

Over the past several decades, disability and social work have become increasingly strange bedfellows, in large part due to the espousal of the medical model of disability on the part of social workers. This approach locates disability with the body as a deficit in need of repair, revision, or ongoing professional scrutiny. In opposition to this approach, disability scholars proposed the social model, which holds negative stereotyping and oppression as disabling factors, thereby creating a binary debate on cause and appropriate response to disability. We suggest that this binary is not useful in guiding social work to consider disability as a complex phenomenon, which requires multifaceted action responses. We therefore propose disability as disjuncture. This interactive model synthesizes a wealth of interdisciplinary fields to inform social work analysis and response to disability that meets the goals of advancing individual function, locating disability within a broad diversity dialog, and thus promoting equivalence of rights, choice, and opportunity for full participation for those who fit within the disability category. We conclude with exemplars of the thinking and action processes, guided by disjuncture theory, that illustrate the potency of this framework and its guiding properties for progressive social work disability practice.

Models of Disability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Disability Sport ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
People’S Attitudes

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the different models of disability to help sport and exercise psychology researchers understand the various philosophical and psychological perspectives embedded in each model. First examined is the medical model and how it frames disability as a personal flaw and a medical condition that needs fixing. The social model follows, which suggests that while people might have an impairment it is the physical and social environment that causes disability. The third model discussed is the social-relational model, which acknowledges that people’s physical impairment, the built environment, and other people’s attitudes can all influence the experience of disability. In the tragedy model, people have the cultural viewpoint that having an impairment is tragic, that people with disabilities have a poor quality of life and should be pitied. Finally, the affirmation model repudiates the tragedy model and suggests that having a disability, while challenging, is often embraced and can result in benefits. The strengths and weaknesses of all models are discussed and examples of disability sport psychology research are used to illustrate the models.

Special Education in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Flavia Parente ◽  
Luciana Fontes Pessoa
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
Education In Brazil

Historically, the idea of inclusion has accompanied the transformations in the concept of disability. This shift from the medical model to the social model and more recently to the biopsychosocial model is addressed in the first part of this chapter. In Brazil, it is estimated to be 12.7 million people with disabilities. Brazilian legislation, in accordance with international norms, assures students who are in an inclusive situation the same opportunities to learn as other students. Students with disabilities should have access to the various kinds of instruments to ensure they have the opportunity to learn. Although the data indicates advances in terms of including students with disabilities in the mainstream education system, the goals of the National Education Plan have not been fully met. This chapter aims to present a framework of the actual situation of special and inclusive education in Brazil. The chapter also points out the main features of this legislation and presents statistical data about the Brazilian students with disabilities situation in 2020.

Fear of Home Birth in Doctors and Obstetric Iatrogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amali Lokugamage
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Birth Experience ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates

Home births are physiological births and form part of the social model of birth. Doctors, traditionally, have been very fearful of out-of-hospital birth, and physiological births happen less frequently in obstetric units. Normal/physiological birth contributes to improving public health, and doctors are often not aware of the extent of this benefit. Normal birth leads to adaptive physiological function in the baby (endocrine, immune system, thyroid function, respiration, neurology, temperature regulation), more mother and baby bonding, and promotes higher breastfeeding rates, which in turn lead to better lifelong emotional and physical health in babies. Normal birth affirms health, promotes empowerment in mothers, and is a societal event that has been linked to promoting positive emotional qualities in society via the birthing hormone, oxytocin. Training within the medical model constrains doctors’ appreciation of normal birth. Experience of complications, a lack of awareness of the evidence surrounding home birth, compounded by failure to understand the concept of iatrogenesis, perpetuates fear of home birth among doctors.

scholarly journals The Social Model of Disability and Music Therapy: Practical Suggestions for the Emerging Clinical Practitioner

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gross
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
The Individual

More and more music therapists are becoming aware of the social model of disability. The social model of disability maintains that the locus of disability rests in the capacity for society to create barriers for people with physical or mental differences. Much of music therapy practice still invests in the medical model of disability, which maintains that disability is an inherent personal flaw in the individual which requires remediation. This paper argues that music therapy practice should adopt the social model of disability, and maintains that, in particular, music-centered music therapy is one theory of music therapy that resonates well with the social model of disability. The paper includes advice for the emerging music therapy clinician on how better to incorporate social model of disability perspectives in practice based on the work of previous scholars who have written extensively about the social model.

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