Energy Use and Carbon Footprint for Potable Water Treatment in Haiderpur Water Treatment Plant, Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
S.K. Singh ◽  
Artika Sharma ◽  
Darshika Singh ◽  
Ritika Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment Methodology ◽  
Engineering Project

With the advent of the environmentally conscious decision-making period, the carbon footprint of any engineering project becomes an important consideration. Despite this, the carbon footprint associated with water resource projects is often overlooked. Water production, its supply and treatment processes involve significant energy consumption and thus, are source of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) which contribute to global warming. The emissions are not direct but come as a by-product of burning of fossil fuels to produce electricity to carry out these processes. Since water demand is continuous and keeps on rising, the quantification of carbon footprint associated with the water industry is vital. This paper studies and attempts to quantify the carbon footprint of one such urban water system, that is the Haiderpur Water Treatment Plant in Delhi, capital region of India by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and evaluate its performance from the point of view of energy consumption and make suggestions.

scholarly journals Addressing the challenges in projects of water treatment plants and storage of potable water: a case studies of the water supply system in the state of Goiás, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Louise de Melo Dores ◽  
Felipe Corrêa Veloso dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Variation Curve

AbstractTo elaborate efficient and economical water supply systems is one of the main objectives in the sanitation companies water system projects. In order to address the challenges faced in reaching this objective, this study aims to identify, first, the relation between the percentage of non-conformed samples in treated water and the inefficiency of the filtering units installed in the water treatment plant, and second, if, by drawing the consumption variation curve it is the most efficient way to predict the storage tanks volume—comparing necessary capacity, determined by the consumption curve, and installed capacity, predict by the outdated Brazilian normative. In order to reach answers for these two questions, this study measured the operating efficiency of the treatment plant as well as have set a quantitative comparison between the two dimensioning criteria for storage tanks volume present in the literature. As a result, the analysis provided the authors to detect a focus of contamination in the single-layered filtering units, limited by the filtering capacity of 2–6 m3/(m2 day), whilst operating at 333.13 m3/(m2 day). As well as to detect by the drawing of the consumption variation curve an oversize of 68% and 60% in the dimensioning of the studied storage tanks. With the results provided by this analysis approach, it was possible to efficiently detect and correct critical impairments in the treatment phase and to conclude that a long-term analysis should be drawn in order to affirm if the consumption variation curve is the best design methodology for the reservoirs.

scholarly journals Analysis of Water Treatment Plant Operation in Ilijaš Municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (02) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Stjepan Lakusic
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Second Line ◽  
First Line ◽  
Efficient Operation

The operation of the Karašnica Water Treatment Plant, forming part of the water system in Ilijaš Municipality, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is analysed in the paper. Two distinct water treatment lines are described and analysed. The first line consists of an internal circular settling tank and rapid sand gravity filters, while the second line consists of an external circular settling tank and pressure filters. In order to evaluate operating efficiency, a tour of the system facilities was made, interviews with the employees were conducted, the existing documentation was examined, and additional physicochemical and bacteriological analyses of appropriate water samples were conducted. Following analysis of all available data, appropriate conclusions and significant recommendations were made toward more efficient operation of the water treatment plant.

scholarly journals Energy consumption reduction in a waste water treatment plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Azimi ◽  
V. Rocher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization

Against the background of energy transition, the operators of large municipal WWTPs have come to understand the importance of issues related to energy use. Since about 2000, one such operator in the Paris conurbation, Syndicat Interdépartemental pour l'Assainissement de l'Agglomération Parisienne, has set up actions enabling energy consumption optimization, to reduce both its costs and the associated environmental impacts. Using energy (electricity, gas, fuel, and biogas) meters for sectorial recording, consumption has been mapped at various scales (macroscopic, plant, process). Electric power has emerged as the leading energy source in WWTPs and biological treatment processes (aeration) as the main consumers. On this basis, energy use optimization paths have been described, needing action at three levels. First, operating cost optimization should involve the full treatment chain, including all costs (reagents, etc.), to make the best operating choices. Two further levels, comprising process and equipment, should then be considered to determine suitable action sets.

scholarly journals The Possibilities for Improving Energy Efficiency at Water Utility Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
Gjelosh Gjon Vataj ◽  
Zenel Sejfijaj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Treatment Type

Energy efficiency plays an important role in all water sectors. Energy is one of the largest operating costs for water system. For water utility systems, energy is needed for transports of raw water, water treatment process, water storage and distribution. Energy usage can vary based on water source, treatment type, facility age, storage capacity, topography, and system size, which encompasses volume produced and service area. Water Companies are well known with importance of reducing energy consumption and costs as a means to optimize overall system performance and to provide a safe water supply. But managing staff of the water system and operators may not be fully aware of the options available to them to manage their energy budget or to identify, prioritize and fund energy improvement projects. By applying energy efficiency, water utility sectors can build a successful energy management program and achieve energy savings. This paper discusses energy issues facing public water utility sector, steps that responsibility personnel can take to understand and reduce their energy use and costs, and funding resources for energy efficiency. Main focus in this paper is to perform possibilities for increasing energy efficiency of the Pumping Station in Milloshevë which supply with raw water Treatment Plant in Shkabaj, Kosovo.

scholarly journals Water Treatment Plant Operating by Using SCADA

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Meghali Ghuge ◽  
Aishwarya Nikalje
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Power Battery ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Treatment Facilities

The Water Treatment Plant is responsible for the operation, repair , and maintenance of the City’ s water supply system. This includes all parts of the water system supply chain from: The raw water diversion and pumping facilities to the raw water pipelines • The treatment facilities • The finished water pumping facilities • The finished water storage facilities Testing of SCADA and Automation system for entire Headwork to WTP and Sump & ESR in this WTP premises with Flow meters, Solar power battery , Power & Signal cable, PRV etc completed as per specification.

Interactions of Sewerage and Waste-Water Treatment: Practical Examples in The Netherlands

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. J. M. van der Graaf
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Small Scale

Various interactions of sewerage and waste-water treatment are discussed for the typical situation in the Netherlands. Sewerage and waste-water treatment are no longer necessary when each house has its own integrated waste-water system; however, costs seem to be high. The same applies for small-scale waste-water treatment versus centralisation. However, centralized waste-water treatment plants suffer from specific problems due to high fluctuations, not only in hydraulic but also in biological load. With stringent effluent standards the need increases for complete treatment instead of by-passing the peak flows. Besides, the application of buffering tanks may change in favour of an increase in the hydraulic capacity of the waste-water treatment plant. Finally, a new, integrated, attitude on water-cycle problems must be advocated.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Energy Consumption and the Use of Renewables for a Small Drinking Water Treatment Plant

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saria Bukhary ◽  
Jacimaria Batista ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Battery Storage ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Modeling Study

One of the pressing issues currently faced by the water industry is incorporating sustainability considerations into design practice and reducing the carbon emissions of energy-intensive processes. Water treatment, an indispensable step for safeguarding public health, is an energy-intensive process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the energy consumption of an existing drinking water treatment plant (DWTP), then conduct a modeling study for using photovoltaics (PVs) to offset that energy consumption, and thus reduce emissions. The selected plant, located in southwestern United States, treats 0.425 m3 of groundwater per second by utilizing the processes of coagulation, filtration, and disinfection. Based on the energy consumption individually determined for each unit process (validated using the DWTP’s data), the DWTP was sized for PVs (as a modeling study). The results showed that the dependency of a DWTP on the traditional electric grid could be greatly reduced by the use of PVs. The largest consumption of energy was associated with the pumping operations, corresponding to 150.6 Wh m−3 for the booster pumps to covey water to the storage tanks, while the energy intensity of the water treatment units was found to be 3.1 Wh m−3. A PV system with a 1.5 MW capacity with battery storage (30 MWh) was found to have a positive net present value and a levelized cost of electricity of 3.1 cents kWh−1. A net reduction in the carbon emissions was found as 950 and 570 metric tons of CO2-eq year−1 due to the PV-based design, with and without battery storage, respectively.

Lifeline Aspects of the 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu, Japan, Earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 89-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Scawthorn ◽  
Masakatsu Miyajima ◽  
Yusuke Ono ◽  
Junji Kiyono ◽  
Masanori Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Notable Feature ◽  
Wastewater Systems

After landslides, damage to lifelines was the next most notable feature of the 23 October 2004 Niigata Ken Chuetsu, Japan, earthquake ( Mw=6.6). Roads and highways sustained damage at over 6,000 locations; rail lines, water systems, and wastewater systems sustained major damage; and over 300,000 customers lost electric power. Nagaoka's water supply was disrupted by the failure of electric power, which illustrates lifeline interaction, and Ojiya's water treatment plant almost lost its intake of raw water. Nagaoka's 1,079- km-long water system sustained damage at 287 locations, and Ojiya's 329- km-long water system sustained damage at 102 locations. In 2,672 km of wastewater piping, damage was sustained at over 9,000 locations, with manhole settlement or uplift at over 1,300 locations. The pattern of refugees was strongly influenced by the availability of lifeline services—primarily, electric power.

Pumping System Assessment in Water Treatment Plants: Case Study: Mexicali, Baja California, México

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Gil Samaniego Ramos ◽  
Héctor Enrique Campbell Ramírez ◽  
Silvia Vanessa Medina León ◽  
Juan Ceballos Corral
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Electrical Generation

Energy and hydraulic efficiency are important goals for the sustainable development of water supply systems. The objective of these systems is to guarantee the delivery of enough water with good quality to populations. Although in order to achieve that, energy for pumping is needed, representing the main cost for the companies to operate the systems, since the energy costs vary with the amount of pumped water and the daily energy tariff. Water and energy are critical resources that affect virtually all aspects of daily life. Ensuring these resources are available in sufficient quantities when and where society needs them entails significant investments in planning, infrastructure development, operations and maintenance bills. Ever-increasing utility costs reduce profits, erode capital and maintenance budgets, increase product costs, and reduce competitiveness. Pumping systems are critically important to the operations of a water treatment plant. The amount of energy consumed by many long-running pumping systems often results in a substantial addition to a plant’s annual operation costs. Therefore, these systems are a natural target to reduce energy consumption. Producers and users of pumps must design highly efficient pumping systems. The efficiency of these systems must be evaluated involving the multiple factors that often are difficult to understand for many users, consequently they overlook the energy costs and energy reduction potential on these systems. Methodologies that can maximize energy cost savings while satisfying system performance criteria should be sought for the design and management of the water distribution systems. This paper compares operating characteristic curves (OC curves) from a pump manufacturer with the curves obtained with field data, and evaluates the efficiency of the pumping system of raw water of a water treatment plant in Mexicali, Baja California, México, which consists on a group of parallel identical pumps. The assessment also analyses the potential savings in costs and emissions of GHG related to the energy consumption of the pumping system if the operation conditions were the optimal, with the objective of minimize negative effects to the sustainable development of the region. Measurements of hydraulic and electrical parameters of the pumping system were made and efficiencies calculated. Actual characteristic operation curves were plotted and compared to those from the pump’s manufacturer and up to 31% (average) difference in the efficiencies was found. Also emission factors of the electrical generation system of the state were applied to obtain the amounts of actual GHG emissions due to the operation of the pumps. The software PSAT was used to compute potential annual savings in MWh and costs and the results employed to calculate possible reduction in emissions.

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