scholarly journals Influence of Environmental Regulation and Resource Utilization on Research and Development Towards Sustainability: A Perspective of China’s Coal Mining Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Du ◽  
Francis Tang Dabuo ◽  
Beverlley Madzikanda ◽  
Kofi Baah Boamah ◽  
Pierrette Tiefigue Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Directional Variation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

The multi-directional variation of results among environmental regulation, resource utilization, and Research and Development (R&D) investments continue to gain more popularity but few studies have examined the nexus among these variables in an open economy. To analyze the individual and combined effects of environmental regulation and resource utilization on industrial R&D investments, a panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2018 was used. We also examined the mechanism underlying the magnitude of pollution inducement on R&D investment. The results show that environmental regulation significantly and positively promotes R&D investment while resource utilization has an inverse effect. Environmental regulation does not interfere with efficiency and neither does the quest for efficiency in resource utilization weaken the impact of environmental regulation on R&D investment. Only a few provinces are within the rising stages of the inverted n-shaped curve indicating environmental regulation level is still low. Even though there are tighter laws, government needs to continue to put in more stringent environmental policies towards achieving sustainable development.

The impact of research and development and marketing costs on the profitability of pharmaceutical companies of Tehran Stock Exchange using panel data 2001-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Bayazidi ◽  
Enayatollah Homaie Rad ◽  
Mehdi Mojahedian ◽  
Mehdi Toroski ◽  
Azita Nabizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

Purpose The main aim of this study is to investigate the effects of marketing and costs and research and development (R&D) investments on profitability of pharmaceutical companies of Iran. Design/methodology/approach In this study, pharmaceutical companies that have been accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange until March 19, 2013 were investigated. Random-effect panel data estimator was used for this purpose. Findings The findings indicate that variables such as company size, capital-to-total asset ratio and debt-to-asset ratio have an effect on profitability. But, company life, advertising cost and R&D investment are ineffective on profitability. Originality/value Legal issues like not having patent law and pricing mechanism are reasons for the ineffective relationship between R&D and marketing costs and its effect on profitability of the Iran pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals ECONOMETRIC MODELS OF THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC PROCESSES ON THE STOCK MARKET IN THE BALTIC COUNTRIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimantas Rudzkis ◽  
Roma Valkavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Security Market ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Price Indices ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the dependencies of individual sectoral stock price indices of OMX Baltic security market on macroeconomic indicators, using econometric methods. Regression models are constructed using quarterly time series of 2000–2011 years while the methodology is backed with the findings of Lithuanian and foreign scientists from an extensive overview of specific literature. Regression equations, obtained in the paper, allows us to identify the key macroeconomic and global indicators that statistically significantly affect the Baltic securities market and to quantify their impact on the stock price indices of individual sectors in the Baltic countries. Econometric analysis of OMX Baltic security market proves the hypothesis that the set of macroeconomic regressors may vary considerably depending on the individual sector's price indices, especially in the case of small open economy with immature stock markets. The paper provides investors who are shaping their portfolios taking into account the macroeconomic forecasts with additional opportunities on the basis of sectoral stock price indices regression equations.

scholarly journals Research on the impact of environmental regulation on water resources utilization efficiency in China based on SYS-GMM model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. Wang ◽  
Z. L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resource Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Water Resources Utilization

Abstract The paper uses the super-efficiency DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model to measure the water resources utilization efficiency of 30 provinces in China, and then uses the system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) model to analyze the impact of environmental regulations on China's regional water resources utilization efficiency. Conclusions as follows: (1) The overall water utilization efficiency is low, and the regions are very unbalanced. The more efficient areas are concentrated in the east, and the less efficient areas are in the west; (2)There is a ‘U’-shaped relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and water resource utilization efficiency, that is, weaker environmental regulation intensity is not conducive to the improvement of water resource utilization efficiency, but when the intensity of environmental regulation crosses the ‘inflection point’, it can promote the improvement of water resources utilization efficiency; (3) The level of economic development has a very significant positive effect on water resources utilization efficiency, and the coefficient of scientific and technological progress is positive, but the impact of scientific and technological input on water resources utilization efficiency is limited and not significant; industrial structure and water resource utilization efficiency shows a negative correlation; water use structure and water resources efficiency show a negative correlation.

scholarly journals The Role of Expenditure on Research and Development (R&D) in Promoting Economic Growth and Competitiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Sandra Jekabsone ◽  
◽  
Ilze Sproģe ◽  
Solvita Kristone
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

Development of science and research is fundamental for economic growth, as well as the competitiveness of a country. Taking into account the potential decrease of EU funds financing and the limited amount of Latvian national financing, it is necessary to ensure that the efficiency of the use of financing is maintained and raised further. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of the EU funds funding activities of 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 on science, research and innovation support activities of Latvian research institutions, as well as the sustainability of the results obtained within the support activities, taking into account the measures planned to support research, development and innovation during the programming period of EU funds 2021–2027. The results of the research show that expenditure in research and development (R&D) in Latvia is small and dependent on European Structural Funds (currently R&D investments are mainly attracted by EU funds), which is not a sustainable solution for R&D development, considering that this financing and its availability are periodic and in the future. This requires consistent long-term public and private (business) R&D investment.

The cleaner production technology innovation effect of environmental regulation policy: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyou Pan ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Xiongfeng Pan ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pollution Intensity ◽  
Regulation Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

PurposeEnvironmental regulation policy and cleaner production technology innovation are the key links to achieve sustainable economic development. This paper tests the impact of Two Control Zone (TCZ) environmental regulation policy on cleaner production technology innovation and explains the heterogeneity effect between them from the perspective of regional pollution intensity and R&D investment scale.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes TCZ policy as an environmental regulation policy and collects the patent data related to coal desulfurization cleaner production technology innovation in prefecture-level cities from 1994 to 2002 in China. This paper also tests the relationship between TCZ environmental regulation policy and cleaner production technology innovation based on difference in difference (DID) model. Take regional R&D investment scale and pollution intensity as category variables and analyze the heterogeneity effect of TCZ environmental regulation policy on cleaner production technology innovation based on difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD) model.FindingsTCZ environmental regulation policy effectively promotes China's cleaner production technology innovation, but it is more conducive to cleaner production technology innovation in heavy pollution areas. With the increasing of R&D investment scale, the positive effect of TCZ environmental regulation policy on cleaner production technology innovation is stronger.Research limitations/implicationsOn the basis of this study, the authors should further explore the regulatory factors of the relationship between TCZ environmental regulation policy and cleaner production technology innovation and further expand the research object, so as to make the research conclusions more practical and instructive.Originality/valueThis paper tests the impact of TCZ environmental regulation policy on cleaner production technology innovation based on the prefecture city level data and DID model, and it handles the endogenous problem caused by the missing variables and provides the accurate conclusions. Moreover, this paper examines the heterogeneity effect of TCZ environmental regulation policy on cleaner production innovation from regional R&D investment scale and pollution intensity two hands and expands the existing theoretical research.

scholarly journals Shareholding by venture capitalists and R&D investment of start-up firms

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Okamuro ◽  
Jian Xiong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Venture Capitalists ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Investment ◽  
Unique Dataset

We analyze the influence of ownership structure on the R&D (research and development) investment of start-up firms. Previous studies on the relationship between ownership and R&D have targeted on large listed firms and focused on ownership concentration, regardless of the types of large shareholders. We argue that shareholder’s type is an important factor of R&D investment under asymmetric information, and that R&D projects, particularly those of start-up firms, strongly depend on the financing from venture capitalists (VCs). Using a unique dataset of Japanese start-up firms, we find that the shareholding by VCs have, in fact, positively affects the R&D investment and that the impact of VCs funding is especially large when the shareholding by the lead VC exceeds 10%.

scholarly journals Determinants of Research and Development Intensity from a Network Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Joe K.L. Teng ◽  
Jiayu Hu ◽  
Dazhong Wu ◽  
Phillip A. Mixon ◽  
Chaojie (CJ) Duan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Supply Chain Network ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industry Network ◽  
D Investment

AbstractWe model and examine the research and development (R&D) intensity of a focal industry from an inter-industry network perspective. More specifically, we estimate how a focal industry’s R&D investment is affected by partner (suppliers and customers) industries’ R&D expenditure. We also investigate the impact of the overall economy on the focal industry’s R&D expenditure and finally how a focal industry’s position in the supply chain network moderates the overall economy’s impact on the focal industry’s R&D expenditure. We found that, in general, a focal industry’s R&D intensity is positively associated with its partner industries’ R&D intensity. In addition, an industry’s R&D intensity is positively associated with the growth rate of the overall economy. Finally, we found that a more central industry is subjected to a stronger impact of macroeconomic shocks on its R&D intensity though there is no significant association between an industry’s centrality and its R&D intensity.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Advancing dairy farming profitability through research

2001 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
J.R. Caradus ◽  
D.A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Grass Endophyte ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Dairy Cow Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

The New Zealand dairy industry recognises that to remain competitive it must continue to invest in research and development. Outcomes from research have ensured year-round provision of low-cost feed from pasture while improving productivity. Some of these advances, discussed in this paper, include the use of white clover in pasture, understanding the impacts of grass endophyte, improved dairy cow nutrition, the use of alternative forage species and nitrogen fertiliser to improve productivity, demonstration of the impact of days-in-milk on profitability, and the use of feed budgeting and appropriate pasture management. Keywords: dairy, profitability, research and development

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