Risk assessment and comparison of regional natural disasters in China using clustering

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
Ning Chen ◽  
Yingchao Ma ◽  
Chaosheng Tang ◽  
An Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
The World ◽  
Regional Risk ◽  
The Given

Natural disaster that contributes to the economic crisis all over the world has a crucial role in emergency management. The assessment of regional risk to natural disasters is normally studied as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem in the literature. However little effort was devoted into the comparison of temporary disaster risk of regions. In this paper, a hybrid approach is proposed integrating MCDM and clustering for evaluating and comparing the regional risk to natural disasters. Our two-stage method is applied to thirty-one Chinese regions over the past two consecutive years. In the first stage MCDM is used to prioritize the regions yearly yielding a set of risk vectors over the given period. In the second stage, K-means clustering is applied to divide the regions into a number of clusters characterized by different risk variation patterns. The derived patterns reveal the variation of regions in perspective of natural disaster risk and therefore offer valuable suggestions for disaster risk reduction.

The health impact of natural disasters

2018 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Eric K. Noji ◽  
Anas A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

The complex and multifaceted nature of health risks secondary to natural disasters will require innovative, holistic, and problem-oriented approaches to risk and disaster management. The Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015 (HFA), the goal of which is to strengthen the resilience of nations and communities to natural disasters, is the inspiration for much of the current knowledge, practice, implementation, experience, and the science for natural disaster risk reduction. Natural disaster risk reduction offers a comprehensive framework where stakeholders can take coherent and complementary actions through political, social, technological, economic, and humanitarian processes to build resilience. The aim of the recent Hyogo initiative is to globally increase resilience and reduce vulnerability. This chapter will describe the current state of knowledge of the health consequences of natural disasters, the implications of these consequences for policy, and conclude with recommendations for action.

Exploring Insurance and Natural Disaster Tweets Using Text Analytics

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tylor Huizinga ◽  
Anteneh Ayanso ◽  
Miranda Smoor ◽  
Ted Wronski
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Association Rule ◽  
Association Rule Mining ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Text Analytics ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
The World

This study explores twitter data about insurance and natural disasters to gain business insights using text analytics. The program R was used to obtain tweets that included the word ‘insurance' in combination with other natural disaster words (e.g., snow, ice, flood, etc.). Tweets related to six top Canadian insurance companies as well as the top five insurance companies from the rest of the world, including the new entrant Google Insurance, was collected for this study. A total of 11,495 natural disaster tweets and 19,318 insurance company tweets were analyzed using association rule mining. The authors' analysis identified several strong rules that have implications for insurance products and services. These findings show the potential text mining applications offer for insurance companies in designing their products and services.

Study of Natural Disasters Contract Conditions Based on the FIDIC Criteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 558-561
Author(s):  
Zhang Lin Guo ◽  
Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk

In the trend of global warming, storms, hurricanes, high temperature and other extreme weather phenomena occur frequently. In the field of project construction, the assets value of the building is exposed, so the construction projects are very vulnerable to natural disasters causing huge losses. Who bears in the both sides of engineering contract, the reasons and consequences of the loss and the specific responsibilities are ambiguous without clearly defined. This paper states the importance to grasp the principle of appropriate risk sharing and explain both responsibilities clearly in natural disasters, how to choose appropriate method to evaluate the natural disaster risk and select suitable building construction contract.

scholarly journals HUMAN IMPACTS ON LANDSCAPES: LESSONS OF CITIES FROM THE PAST

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
ERIC FOUACHE ◽  
STÉPHANE DESRUELLES
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

The first cities emerged in the Middle East at the end of the 4th millennium BC. Studies in the field of archaeology, geomorphology, geoscience and history allow us to understand which types of hazards were affecting the cities, and how they had an impact on landscapes in the past, in the Middle East, but also in other parts of the world. There is much to be gained: these studies are fundamental to a better understanding of present-day hazards, to urban development, but also to remembering our heritage. Cities have always been susceptible to nature’s risks and natural disasters but have also – through urban development and through the proximity of great numbers of human beings –, generated their own specific hazards.

scholarly journals The Impact of Financial Preparation and Disaster Experience on Households’ Disaster Risk Perception: Empirical Evidence from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-356
Author(s):  
Tam T. Le ◽  
Trang T.H. Thai ◽  
Thao P. Do
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Financial Preparation ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk ◽  
The Impact

This paper is aimed at analysing the impacts of financial preparation and disaster experience on households’ disaster risk perception, including perceptions of likelihood and severity in Quang Binh Province of Vietnam, one of the areas strongly affected by natural disasters and climate change. With the data from direct surveying 308 households in Quang Binh province, the research methodology includes Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA and OLS regression models. The key findings are: First, disaster experience has positive impact on natural disaster risk perception. Second, financial preparation has negative impact on natural disaster risk perception. Third, the risk of natural disasters in Quang Binh Province are increasing and unpredictable due to rapid economic growth and urbanization. This fact requires the Government, provincial commitees, and stakeholders to go beyond traditional coping methods, implement more customized policies and specific actions to try to reduce the risks of natural disasters. Keywords: disaster risk, disaster risk perception, financial preparation, disaster experience.

China’s Approach to Disaster Risk Reduction: Human Security Challenges in a Time of Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Renwick
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
The World

Natural disasters strike at people’s lives across the world but hit underdeveloped countries and societies’ poorest hardest. Those living in the Asia-Pacific region are significantly more likely to experience natural disaster than those in any other part of the world. China is one of the most exposed to natural disasters, with a long history of devastating events and remains at high risk. China has undertaken major disaster risk reduction (DRR) reforms. Importantly, China is also increasingly committed to international cooperation over DRR within a Sendai Framework. Adopting a Human Security perspective, this article explains and critically evaluates China’s DRR reforms. It highlights China’s increased willingness to collaborate with international agencies over knowledge exchange and capacity building to improve its domestic DRR and contribute to the international DRR system. The study argues that China’s reforms are a work in progress, but demonstrating improvement. It argues that China’s expressed wish for closer international DRR cooperation is a new opportunity to mainstream China and it is incumbent on the international community and Chinese Government to build on emerging collaboration and grasp this long-overdue opportunity.

Ecosystem-based approaches to disaster risk reduction in Japan: transdisciplinary research and actions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehito Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Ample Opportunity

<p>Natural disasters occur at an increasing rate probably due to the ongoing climate change, and adaptation to natural disaster risks is a key to the sustainability of local communities in Japan. At the same time, Japan is experiencing a rapid decline of human population and consequent aging. Ecosystem-based approaches to disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR) takes advantage of the multi-functionality of ecosystems and biodiversity, including their capacity to mitigate natural disasters while providing multiple ecosystem services, and population decline provides ample opportunity for implementing Eco-DRR. We are developing practical solutions for implementation of Eco-DRR by visualizing natural disaster risks, evaluating multi-functionality of Eco-DRR solutions, conducting transdisciplinary approaches in collaboration with diverse stakeholders, and advocating traditional and local knowledge of disaster risk reduction. I will talk about some progress of our ongoing research project in RIHN (Research Institute for Humanity and Nature), Japan.</p>

scholarly journals The complexity of maladaptation strategies to disasters: The case of Muzarabani, Zimbabwe

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siduduziwe Ncube-Phiri ◽  
Chipo Mundavanhu ◽  
Blessing Mucherera
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Utilisation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

Over the past decade disasters have increased both in complexity and multiplicity, worseningthe plight of vulnerable communities the world over. Many communities have devised copingmechanisms to mitigate the impact, but communities such as Muzarabani in Zimbabweremain susceptible to disasters. This article seeks to analyse whether the coping measuresapplied make the communities safe from or vulnerable to disasters. Information was obtainedthrough interviews, questionnaires and observations from four villages in Chadereka in theMuzarabani district. The results of this study indicated that households, government andnon-governmental organisations have come up with different mitigation strategies, suchas growing crops along river beds, livestock production, raised granaries and doorsteps,flood evacuation shelters and other emergency services. Research revealed that althoughviable, some of the strategies increased the community’s vulnerability. This article thereforerecommends sustainable utilisation of resources, and collaborative efforts to address the rootcauses, dynamic pressures and unsafe conditions in order to reduce the vulnerability of poorcommunities to natural disasters.

scholarly journals A Review of the Possibility of Assessment Indicators for Natural Disaster Risk Analysis through Expert Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Keumji Kim ◽  
Jeonggeun Hwang ◽  
Gahui Kim ◽  
Dojoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Disaster Risk Analysis ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk ◽  
The Government

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather due to climate change has increased the possibility of potential danger across the world. Additionally, South Korea has been consistently exposed to disaster risk. Studies on the prediction of damage from natural disasters are critical for the government and local governments to formulate disaster recovery policies. However, the scope of risk analysis evaluation indicators currently utilized by the relevant organizations comprises limitations, as there are no consistent standards for indicator selection. From this viewpoint, this study selected 118 surrogate indicators, including indicators frequently used in previous studies, and conducted a survey with 52 experts in the disaster field to examine the possibility of use of these indicators. As a result of the expert survey, 37 indicators were analyzed as “very appropriate” and 54 indicators were analyzed as “appropriate” regarding their possibility of use. Finally, we suggested four natural disaster risk assessment methods, which can be used in policymaking by the government and local governments in the future.

scholarly journals Development of Formal Agricultural Education in Canada (Based on the Analysis of Scientific Periodicals of the 19th – Early 20th Centuries)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Kateryna Havrylenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Education Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Periodicals ◽  
The Given

Abstract The article states that one of the world leaders in agricultural sector training is Canada, which has gained a great scientific and practical experience. The paper examines the role of periodicals of the 19th – early 20th centuries, preserved in the Canadian book funds for the establishment and development of formal agricultural education of this country and for the popularization of the scientific information among the general public. The impressive work of the Canadiana project on preservation of periodicals of the given period, launched by Canadian library collections has been emphasized. These periodical materials have been analyzed and an attempt of old agricultural publications classification has been made. The importance of comprehensive informational analysis of the existing periodicals roles for better understanding of the transformations and changes that have occurred in Canadian formal agricultural education has been outlined as well as the need of researching the role of universities in the scientific community of the past and of our time has been stressed. The importance of a detailed study of the saved periodicals for an objective analysis of contemporary formal agricultural education and its role in the society in order to improve the training of agricultural sector specialists in the country according to the best historical examples has been noted as well as the need in the retrospective analysis of higher education development in Canada for further implementation of the results into the national educational system has been indicated.

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