Determinants of Pre-Radicalization: Religious or Rebel-Without-a-Cause Hypothesis? An Empirical Test Among French Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Roché ◽  
Omer Bilen ◽  
Sandrine Astor
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Weak Identification ◽  
National Community ◽  
Repeat Exposure

The study of the profiles of young adults involved in attacks and bombings in 2015 and 2016 in France highlighted a violent rejection of Western lifestyle and national identification. The question arises whether conflicting religious beliefs (religion hypothesis) and delinquent subculture (rebel-without-a-cause hypothesis) characterize a handful of violent attackers only or, rather, reflect social divides in the general youth population. We propose, based on literature, that there are known two features of a pre-radicalization stage: rejection of national community and justification of political violence. We intend to focus on what explains them in France. For that purpose, we use a large representative sample (n = 9.700) of adolescents, and structural equation modeling. Overall, our findings suggest that pre-radicalization reflects larger societal cleavages. Weak identification with the national community in France appears mainly driven by religious identity, and not religious fundamentalism. Justification of violence against outgroups/agents enforcing order is not predicted by religion, neither as belief system nor as identity. The sources of legitimation of violence are mainly found in espousing a delinquent subculture, and repeat exposure to state violence in the form of pretextual police stops.

A dialectical model of buyer‐seller relationships

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Dampérat ◽  
Alain Jolibert
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Data File ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Business Relationships ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Four Levels

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on building and testing a model of buyer‐seller relationships from a dialectical perspective. It aims to provide both academics and managers with a better understanding of the relationships among the key relational variables in business settings. The model distinguishes four levels of social complexity (individual, interaction, relationship, and intergroup level) and includes the key relational variable for each level.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 151 French professional buyers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity of the measures. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The empirical test includes linear, non‐linear, moderating, and mediating effects testing.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of the study relate to the sample of respondents and the measurement scales. More precisely, the sample is based on a unique company's customer data file and a single informant source. Results confirm the hypothesized model and its four‐level structure.Practical implicationsThis study demonstrates that buyer relational orientation as well as seller expertise influence the course of business relationships. Although the necessity to train salespeople is obvious, the importance of training buyers is not as well documented. This study shows that they both need to be trained to manage business relationships appropriately.Originality/valueThis research examines the relationships among the key relational variables within a framework of four successive levels of explanation. It provides an alternative approach to studying business relationships.

scholarly journals Intentions of Environmentally Friendly Behavior Among Sports Club Members: An Empirical Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior Across Genders and Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Braksiek ◽  
Tim F. Thormann ◽  
Pamela Wicker
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Community Sports

Environmentally friendly behavior has become increasingly important in recent years to reduce the speed of climate change and its negative impacts. Individual behavior, including environmentally friendly behavior, is largely formed by behavioral intentions. This study draws on the theory of planned behavior to examine the effects of attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on intentions of environmentally friendly behavior. It also investigates differences between genders and among sports. The study is based on data from a nationwide online survey of community sports club members in Germany in five team/racket sports (n = 3,036). Existing measures to operationalize the constructs were adapted to the present research context. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that the theoretical assumptions of the theory of planned behavior were largely supported by the data, implying that the antecedents of environmentally friendly behavioral intentions can be applied to club members. Furthermore, gender- and sports-specific differences in the antecedents–intention relationship were detected. This study is among the first to examine environmentally friendly behavioral intentions in community sports clubs. It adds to an increasing body of research investigating environmental sustainability in sports.

Too much of a good thing

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fláviade Souza Costa Neves Cavazotte ◽  
Fábio de Oliveira Paula
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Shared Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Team Creativity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Very High

PurposeThis study investigates the influence of shared leadership on creativity and absorptive capacity in R&D teams. Based on theories of intragroup processes, it proposes that shared leadership positively affects such team outcomes up to a certain point, but at very high levels could cause loss of synergy and effectiveness, and therefore the relationship will follow an inverted U-shaped curve.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted with 76 independent teams from the R&D unit of one of the largest energy companies in Brazil. Data were collected with two questionnaires answered by external team managers and team members. The study applied structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults indicate that there is a curvilinear relationship between shared leadership and external assessments of creativity and absorptive capacity in R&D teams. Although leadership shared among team members tends to favor creativity and realized absorptive capacity, at very high levels it yielded less than optimal outcomes. Team creativity had a direct positive effect on the teams' ability to explore and transform knowledge.Originality/valueThe study is the first empirical test of the influence of shared leadership on team creativity and absorptive capacity that proposes and confirms a quadratic effect. These results shed new light on the authors’ understanding of how intrateam leadership affects creative processes and absorptive capacity in the R&D context. These findings offer novel insights to inform practice as firms manage innovation performance.

The Process Aspect of Project Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Nermina Durmic
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes an empirically tested model that explains the significance of project development phases for the project success, and the impact of project people on each phase. The conceptual model includes six inter-related components: project success as the ultimate target, project team, customer, and three process steps: planning, execution, and control. The empirical test was performed in the context of information systems (IS) projects. Usable data were obtained from a survey of 603 IS professionals and were analysed through structural equation modeling, factor analysis, and descriptive analysis. The results provide good empirical support for the proposed theoretical model. They reveal a significant direct relationship between project planning and control components and project success, and the indirect impact of project execution phase on the project success through mediating project control component. Furthermore, results emphasize the importance of the people aspect for successful execution of each of the introduced process steps.

The Relationship Between Employee Psychological Empowerment and Proactive Behavior: Self-efficacy As Mediator

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiatao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Master Of Business Administration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
The Relationship

I examined the relationship between employees' psychological empowerment and their proactive behavior, and explored the mediating role of self-efficacy in this relationship. Using structural equation modeling, I conducted an empirical test based on survey data obtained from 337 Master of Business Administration students across 4 universities in South China. The results showed that psychological empowerment and self-efficacy led to proactive behavior. In addition, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between psychological empowerment and proactive behavior. These findings highlight the importance of workplace managers fostering employees' psychological empowerment and self-efficacy to promote proactive employee behavior.

An Empirical Test of the Hierarchical Construct of Professionalism and Managerialism in the Accounting Profession

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Carrington ◽  
Tobias Johansson ◽  
Gustav Johed ◽  
Peter Öhman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Latent Constructs ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Structural Regression

ABSTRACT: Research into the tension between professionalism and commercialism in the accounting profession is inconclusive and warrants greater attention. How to conceptualize and measure these constructs are thus pressing concerns. Using questionnaire data from 1,646 auditors in Sweden, and applying confirmatory factor analysis and structural regression models within a structural equation modeling framework to a measurement model developed by Suddaby et al. (2009), we find little empirical evidence for the existence of the two logics of professionalism and managerialism (i.e., commercialism) as two higher-order latent constructs shared by auditors. However, we find that two sub-elements of the proposed higher-order constructs do discriminate between each other in a way that could indicate two exclusive value statements in the accounting profession connected to the professionalism–commercialism tension; these are the respective emphasis on independence enforcement and client commitment.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Mother-Child Interaction and Mental Health of Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Religious Identity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Karimi ◽  
Mahdieh Estabraghi ◽  
Ali Hosseinzadeh Oskouee ◽  
Somayeh Kazemian
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Mother Child Interaction ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Mental health of adolescent girls as future mothers is of great importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of religious identity in the relationship between mother-child interaction and mental health of adolescent girls in Yazd, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted on 319 female students, studying at the tenth to twelfth grades of high schools in Yazd. In this study, Parent-Child Relationship Survey (PCRS), the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and Lotf-Abadi National-Religious Identity Questionnaire were used. The structural equation modeling was used to analyze data using AMOS software version 25. Results: The findings of this study, using the method of structural equation modeling, showed that the quality of mother-child interaction had a direct and significant effect on both mental health disorder (β = -0.16, P< 0.001) and religious identity (β = 0.31, P< 0.001). In addition, the results showed that religious identity had a direct and significant effect on mental health disorder (β = -0.16, P< 0.001). Furthermore, religious identity played a mediator role in the relationship between mother-child interaction and mental health disorder (β = -0.05, P< 0.05).Multiple indices were used to evaluate the model and the results showed that the proposed model had goodness-of-fit. Conclusion: Religious identity, as a protecting resource, helps adolescents against the stress and dangers, which arise from the puberty-related problems and increases their mental health. A good mother-child relationship has direct and significant relationship with the religious identity of adolescent girls. Therefore, the quality of relationship with mother, as a result of the religious identity development, can increase the mental health of female adolescents.

Do religious and spiritual identity confer risk for hypertension via psychosocial and lifestyle factors?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1082-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger C McIntosh ◽  
Gail Ironson ◽  
Neal Krause
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Spiritual Identity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Nationally Representative

The total and indirect effect of hostility on systolic and diastolic blood pressure was compared as a function of religious and spirituality identity in a nationally representative sample of 2971 adults aged 46.44 years. Structural equation modeling uncovered an indirect path from hostility to diastolic blood pressure via unhealthy behaviors and hostility to unhealthy behaviors via social isolation. Compared to a non-religious/non-spiritual reference group, the effect for unhealthy behaviors on diastolic blood pressure was greater for those endorsing some form of religious identity. However, the direction of the effect for hostility on social isolation and social isolation on unhealthy behaviors was reversed in those endorsing spiritual and religious identity.

Luxury goods and their counterfeits in Sub-Saharan Africa: a conceptual model of counterfeit luxury purchase intentions and empirical test

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmant Sengabira Ndereyimana ◽  
Antonio K.W. Lau ◽  
Dana-Nicoleta Lascu ◽  
Ajay K. Manrai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sub Saharan

PurposeHeeding the call for insights into the Sub-Saharan African international marketing context, this study aims to empirically examine consumers' desires and motivations for buying counterfeit luxury goods. It examines influences on consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions related to counterfeit luxury goods in Rwanda, one of Sub-Saharan Africa's fastest-growing economies and growing luxury markets, developing and testing a model examining the effect of social context on personal attributes, providing evidence on economic and social-status factors as drivers for counterfeiting.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected using an online survey administered in Rwanda to consumers who had previously purchased luxury goods and counterfeits. A total of 312 valid responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThis study found that normative and informational influences had a positive effect on Rwandan consumers' attitude toward purchasing counterfeit luxury products, with attitude influencing purchase intentions directly and indirectly, through mediating variable desire for status or through value consciousness and desire for status.Originality/valueThe study contributes to academic research − one of the first empirical studies to examine consumers' desires and motivations for buying counterfeit luxury goods in Sub-Saharan Africa, providing insights that benefit scholars and practitioners seeking to better understand a market where more than half of the world's fastest economies are located.

Can you represent me? The influence of consumers' self-congruity on their brand loyalty behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Psychological Reactance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reactance Theory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychological Reactance Theory

PurposeThis study aimed to verify the impact of consumers' self-congruity on brand loyalty behavior when stock-out happens; the role of the psychological reactance theory as a mediator was assessed.Design/methodology/approachData collection was carried out in the form of a questionnaire survey. Data from 417 respondents were analyzed, and structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings revealed the positive significant impact of consumers' self-congruity on their brand loyalty behavior, and the mediating effect of psychological reactance between self-congruity and consumers' brand loyalty behavior.Practical implicationsThis study offers retailers/brand owners a deeper understanding of the remedy strategy needed to reduce the sales loss in their firms when stock-out happens.Originality/valueThis study provides a theoretical and empirical test on the influence of consumers' self-congruity on their brand loyalty behavior, bringing consumers' psychological reactance into the research as a mediating factor, thereby enriching the existing research on consumers' out-of-stock reactions.

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