Effect of lidocaine iontophoresis combined with exercise intervention on gait and spasticity in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Fatma A. Hegazy ◽  
Emad A. Aboelnasr ◽  
Yasser T. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND: Gait deviations and spasticity are common impairments seen in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and may interfere with functional performance and effective walking pattern. Lidocaine iontophoresis is effective for reducing muscle spasticity in adults. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of lidocaine epinephrine iontophoresis combined with exercises on gait and spasticity in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP). METHODS: Thirty children with spastic HCP aged 4–6 (5.20±0.32) years were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Children in both groups received one hour of exercises, three times a week for three months. Children in the experimental group received 2% lidocaine iontophoresis immediately before the exercises. The lidocaine iontophoresis was delivered for 20 minutes (1mA/min). Spatio-temporal gait parameters were assessed within one week before and after the intervention using 3D motion analysis. Surface electromyography was used to assess muscle tone using H/M ratio of the soleus muscle. ANOVA was used to investigate the differences between experimental and control groups. Statistical significance was set at P value less than 0.05. RESULTS: There was no difference between groups at baseline. Post-intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements when compared to the control group for gait speed (p = 0.03), stride length (p = 0.04), cadence (p = 0.0001), cycle time (p = 0.0001), and H/M ratio (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Lidocaine iontophoresis combined with exercises was effective in improving gait spatiotemporal parameters and reducing spasticity in children with CP.

scholarly journals Efficacy of axial TheraTogs on gait pattern in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamekh Mohamed El-Shamy ◽  
Ehab Mohamed Abd El Kafy
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background TheraTogs promotes proprioceptive sense of a child with cerebral palsy and improves abnormal muscle tone, posture alignment, balance, and gait. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of TheraTogs orthotic undergarment on gait pattern in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Thirty children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy were selected for this randomized controlled study. They were randomly assigned to (1) an experimental group that received TheraTogs orthotic undergarment (12 h/day, 3 days/week) plus traditional physical therapy for 3 successive months and (2) a control group that received only traditional physical therapy program for the same time period. Gait parameters were measured at baseline and after 3 months of intervention using Pro-Reflex motion analysis. Results Children in both groups showed significant improvements in the gait parameters (P < 0.05), with significantly greater improvements in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusions The use of TheraTogs may have a positive effect to improve gait pattern in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Trial registration This trial was registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov PRS (NCT03037697).

scholarly journals Effect of using adaptive seating equipment on grasping and visual motor integration in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mahrous Elsayed ◽  
Elham Elsayed Salem ◽  
Sahar Mohamed Nour Eldin ◽  
Mai Elsayed Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background Adaptive seating is commonly used as an intervention method to enhance postural control. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using therapy ball as a seat alternative to using typical chair on grasping and visual motor integration in the children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. For this aim, thirty children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy from both sexes were included in this study. The children ages ranged from 3 to 6 years old. The degree of spasticity was 1 to 1+ according to modified Ashworth scale. The children were able to sit independently and follow instructions. Children were randomly assigned into two groups (experimental group and control group). Each child was evaluated before and after 3 successive months of selected occupational therapy exercises program. All the children of both groups received the same selected occupational therapy exercises program, but the children in the experimental group performed the exercises while sitting on therapy ball, and the children in the control group performed the exercises while sitting on typical chair. Results There was a significant improvement in the measured variables for both groups after treatment. The post-treatment results of the two groups of grasping and visual motor integration for age equivalent scores revealed significant difference (p=0.008 and p=0.011 respectively) in favor of the experimental group. Conclusions Therapy ball could be used as a seat alternative to using typical chair to facilitate visual motor integration and grasping in the children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Can a six-week exercise intervention improve gross motor function for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy? A pilot randomized controlled trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bryant ◽  
Terry Pountney ◽  
Heather Williams ◽  
Natalie Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
And Control

Objective: To determine the effect of a six-week exercise intervention on gross motor function for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy. Design: A parallel arm randomized controlled trial. Setting: Four special schools. Participants: Thirty-five children aged 8–17 with bilateral cerebral palsy; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV–V. Method: Participants were randomly allocated to a static bike group, a treadmill group or control group. Participants in the bike and treadmill groups received exercise training sessions, three times weekly for six weeks. The control group received their usual care. Blinded assessments were performed at baseline and six weeks and followed up at 12 and 18 weeks. Outcome measures: Gross Motor Function Measures GMFM-66, GMFM-88D and GMFM-88E. Results: At six weeks significant differences were found in GMFM-88D scores between the bike group and the control group, and the treadmill group and the control group ( P < 0.05). The mean change (SD) in GMFM-88D score was 5.9 (6.8) for the bike group; 3.7 (4.4) for the treadmill group and 0.5 (1.9) for the control group. No significant differences were found for GMFM-66 or GMFM-88E scores between the bike group and control group, or the treadmill group and control group, although trends of improvement were observed for both exercise groups. The improvements observed declined during the follow-up period. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that exercising on a bike or treadmill may provide short-term improvements in gross motor function for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy. This needs to be tested in a large-scale randomized trial.

scholarly journals Clinical and imaging outcomes after intrathecal injection of umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral palsy: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Amanat ◽  
Anahita Majmaa ◽  
Morteza Zarrabi ◽  
Masoumeh Nouri ◽  
Masood Ghahvechi Akbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Umbilical Cord Tissue ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background This study assessed the safety and efficacy of intrathecal injection of umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells (UCT-MSC) in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed to evaluate the alterations in white-matter integrity. Methods Participants (4–14 years old) with spastic CP were assigned in 1:1 ratio to receive either UCT-MSC or sham procedure. Single-dose (2 × 107) cells were administered in the experimental group. Small needle pricks to the lower back were performed in the sham-control arm. All individuals were sedated to prevent awareness. The primary endpoints were the mean changes in gross motor function measure (GMFM)-66 from baseline to 12 months after procedures. The mean changes in the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), pediatric evaluation of disability inventory (PEDI), and CP quality of life (CP-QoL) were also assessed. Secondary endpoints were the mean changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of corticospinal tract (CST) and posterior thalamic radiation (PTR). Results There were 36 participants in each group. The mean GMFM-66 scores after 12 months of intervention were significantly higher in the UCT-MSC group compared to baseline (10.65; 95%CI 5.39, 15.91) and control (β 8.07; 95%CI 1.62, 14.52; Cohen’s d 0.92). The increase was also seen in total PEDI scores (vs baseline 8.53; 95%CI 4.98, 12.08; vs control: β 6.87; 95%CI 1.52, 12.21; Cohen’s d 0.70). The mean change in MAS scores after 12 months of cell injection reduced compared to baseline (−1.0; 95%CI −1.31, −0.69) and control (β −0.72; 95%CI −1.18, −0.26; Cohen’s d 0.76). Regarding CP-QoL, mean changes in domains including friends and family, participation in activities, and communication were higher than the control group with a large effect size. The DTI analysis in the experimental group showed that mean FA increased (CST 0.032; 95%CI 0.02, 0.03. PTR 0.024; 95%CI 0.020, 0.028) and MD decreased (CST −0.035 × 10-3; 95%CI −0.04 × 10-3, −0.02 × 10-3. PTR −0.045 × 10-3; 95%CI −0.05 × 10-3, −0.03 × 10-3); compared to baseline. The mean changes were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions The UCT-MSC transplantation was safe and may improve the clinical and imaging outcomes. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03795974).

scholarly journals Pirzi Doll”: A Method for Increasing Children’s Knowledge and Attitude in Balanced Nutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Nutrition is one of the main problems in the world, where the number of malnourished patients reaches less than 104 million children and one third of all causes of child mortality worldwide are still caused by malnutrition. Nutrition knowledge in school-aged children is one of the factors determining patterns food consumption and nutritional status. Nutrition education in school-aged children can improve children's nutritional knowledge and play a role in food selection and eating habits. Nutrition education should start from an early age. Nutrition and health education began to be directed at kindergarten and elementary school students, since this age group has a habit of attitude that is relatively easy to be formed. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition education by story’s telling with pirzi doll media to increase knowledge and attitude of children about balanced nutrition. This study used quasi-experimental design with two group pre and post-test design sampling was carried out with a systematic random sampling. Sample of research were children enrolled in Kindergarten IT Rabbani and IT Menara Fitrah in Ogan Ilir District. There were 37 samples on control group dan 39 samples on experimental group. The results of statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test. The mean score of knowledge after being given a nutritional education was 26.15 ± 3.10 in the experimental group and in the control group was 26.05± 3.16 (p-value=0.817). The mean score of attitudes after being given a nutritional education was 13.69 ± 1.97 in the experimental group and in the control group was 11.24 ± 3.67 (p-value=0.002). There was no difference in mean score of knowledge between the experimental and control groups after being given a nutritional education. There was a difference in mean values of attitudes between the experimental and control groups after being given a nutritional education.

scholarly journals The Impact of Divergent and Convergent Tasks on Iraqi EFL Students Reading Comprehension Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sabeeha Hamza Dehham ◽  
Nadia Majeed Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This research attempted to explore the effects of divergent and convergent tasks on the successful reading of EFL students at the preparatory stage. To verify the analysis, the null hypothesis was established that states "There are no differences of statistical significance at the level of (0,05) among the mean of scores of the experimental group who study according to divergent and convergent task technique and the mean of the scores of the control group who study according to the regular method".  The experimental approach is used by designing two equivalent experimental groups of 32 students studying the technique proposed, and an 8-week (2019-2020) control group of 32 students, three classes each week using the Google Classroom Platform and Telegram. The present study utilized the platform Google Classroom (GC) and Telegram as an educational platform to assist students during their course learning process. The writing skills test was administered after checking with the experts. The results show that there are statistical differences at level (0,05) between the average of the experimental and control groups' reading skills and those of the experimental group. This difference is because the experimental group uses divergent and convergent tasks.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF VAGINAL CONE THERAPY ON URINARY INCONTINENCE AMONG WOMEN IN SAVEETHA MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL, THANDALAM, CHENNAI

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
JAGADEESWARI J ◽  
KALABARATHI S ◽  
MANGALAGOWRI P
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

 Objectives: The present aims to assess the level of urinary incontinence in experimental and control group, to assess the effectiveness of vaginal cone therapy on urinary incontinence in experimental group and control group and to associate the post-test level of urinary incontinence with the selected demographic variables among women in the experimental group. Methods: A quantitative quasi-experimental research design was conducted among 60 women with urinary incontinence. Convenience sampling technique was used. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect the demographical data and level of urinary incontinence among women was assessed by urinary incontinence diagnosis questionnaire. Results: Among 60 samples in experimental group 26 women had a moderate level of urinary incontinence, and 4 women had slight urinary incontinence whereas in control group 24 women had moderate level of urinary incontinence and 6 women had slight urinary incontinence. The study results show significant improvement in level of urinary incontinence among experimental group than the control group after the intervention at the level of p<0.05. This reveals that vaginal cone therapy is highly significant in the experimental group because pelvic muscle strength had improved and allows the patient to increase the physiological consciousness and promotes the muscle tone after the use of a vaginal cone. Conclusion: This study proves that vaginal cone therapy is the effective non-pharmacological method, cost-effective method and had no side effects which can be used to treat female urinary incontinence.

scholarly journals The Influence of 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation on the Strength of Lower Limb Muscles in Young and Physically Fit Women and Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 24-h sleep deprivation on the muscle strength of young, healthy and physically fit people. The research material consisted of physical education students. In total, 67 people participated in the study, including 38 women and 29 men. Respondents were divided into an experimental group “E” of 44 persons subjected to 24-h sleep deprivation and a control group “C” of 23 persons. Students completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measuring daytime sleepiness. Students performed measurements of the maximum strength of knee joint extensor and flexor muscles. Measurements of muscle strength of flexors and extensors of the knee were taken on a UPR-02 A/S chair with Moment II by Sumer software. ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to determine the significance of differences between experimental “E” and control “C” group. Statistical significance was defined at the level of p ≤ 0.05. Statistically significant differences were observed in the change of strength levels between groups at the strength moments of right (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.16) and left (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.08) knee muscles extensor. Changes in extensor muscle strength are significant for students with left dominant legs.

scholarly journals Application Model of Pranic Healing Therapy for Emotional Stress Using Accurate Bio-Well GDV Camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Cahyaning Puji Astuti ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati ◽  
Suryono Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Pregnancy is a period of both hormonal and non-hormonal overall change in the body. Emotional instability is commonly experienced by women during this period. However, this somewhat complex issue is often not addressed optimally. Pharmacological therapies using CPZ and lithium are often administered, but they have effects for the body. Therefore, there is a need to administer non-pharmacological therapy that has minimum side effects. This research aims to increase the healthy energy within the body using Pranic Healing, which is measured by the Bio-Well GDV camera. This research employed the pretest-posttest method on two groups (treatment and control) using the Randomized Controlled Trial design. Pranic Healing therapy was performed for 30 minutes once a week for 3 weeks, while GDV measurement was performed once a week for 4 weeks. Paired t-test results for Pranic Healing on emotional pressure showed p-value of 0.0001 (<0.05) for posttest2 and p-value of 0.005 (<0.05) for posttest3. Meanwhile, the control group did not indicate any changes in emotional stress both before and after treatment. It is found that Pranic Healing as measured using a bio-well GDV camera is capable of improving health energy within the body by relieving emotional stress experienced in trimester III primigravida.

O3 DIRECT ORAL FEEDING FOLLOWING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY (NUTRIENT II TRIAL): AN INTERNATIONAL, MULTICENTER, OPEN-LABEL RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gijs H K Berkelmans ◽  
Laura F C Fransen ◽  
Annemarie C P Dolmans-Zwartjes ◽  
Ewout A Kouwenhoven ◽  
Marc J van Det ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anastomotic Leakage ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Invasive Esophagectomy ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aim Patients undergoing an esophagectomy are often kept nil-by-mouth postoperatively out of fear for increasing anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complications. This study investigates the effect of direct start of oral feeding following minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) compared to standard of care. Background & Methods Elements of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been successfully introduced in patients undergoing an esophagectomy. However, start of oral intake, which is an essential part of the ERAS protocols, remains a matter of debate. Patients in this multicenter, international randomized controlled trial were randomized to directly start oral feeding (intervention) after a MIE with intrathoracic anastomosis or to receive nil-by-mouth and tube feeding for five days postoperative (control group). Primary outcome was time to functional recovery. Secondary outcome parameters included anastomotic leakage, pneumonia rate and other surgical complications scored by predefined definitions. Results Baseline characteristics were similar in the intervention (n=65) and control (n=67) group. Functional recovery was seven days for patients receiving direct oral feeding compared to eight days in the control group (p-value 0.436). Anastomotic leakage rate did not differ in the intervention (18.5%) and control group (16.4%, p-value 0.757). Pneumonia rates were comparable between the intervention (24.6%) and control group (34.3%, p-value 0.221). Other morbidity rates were similar, except for chyle leakage which was more prevalent in the standard of care group (p-value 0.032). Conclusions Direct oral feeding after an esophagectomy does not affect functional recovery and did not increase incidence or severity of postoperative complications.

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