Inclination, hip abduction, orientation, and tone affect weight-bearing in standing devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ginny Paleg ◽  
Wendy Altizer ◽  
Rachel Malone ◽  
Katie Ballard ◽  
Alison Kreger
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Prone Positioning ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Hip Stability ◽  
Normal Tone ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
Low Tone

PURPOSE: With children who are unable to stand or walk independently in the community, therapists commonly use standing devices to assist lower-extremity weight-bearing which is important for bone and muscle health. In addition, positioning in hip abduction may improve hip stability and range of motion. This is the first study to explore the effect of angle of inclination, hip abduction, body orientation, and tone on weight-bearing in pediatric standing devices. METHODS: This descriptive exploratory study used a convenience sample of 15 participants (2 with normal tone, 5 with generalized hypotonia, and 8 with hypertonia) (mean age of 5 years and 10 months, range of 3 years 4 months to 9 years 7 months); 13 of whom used standing devices at home, as well as 2 typically developing siblings (normal tone). Each child stood in 36 positions to measure the amount of weight-bearing through footplates. RESULTS: Weight-bearing was highest with 60 degrees of abduction and no inclination (upright) in supine positioning for children with low and normal tone. Children with high muscle tone bore most weight through their feet with no abduction (feet together) and no inclination (upright) in prone positioning. Overall, supine positioning resulted in more weight-bearing in all positions for children with low and normal tone. Prone positioning resulted in slightly more weight-bearing in all positions for children with high tone. CONCLUSIONS: Weight-bearing was affected by all three of the variables (inclination, abduction, and orientation) for participants with high, normal, and low tone. To determine optimal positioning, all standers should include a system to measure where and how much weight-bearing is occurring in the device.

“All bets are off”: Flexible engagement with music-listening technologies by autistic adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562097103
Author(s):  
Michael Matsuno ◽  
Deon Auzenne ◽  
Leanne Chukoskie
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
New Music ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Personal Taste ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Game Development ◽  
Video Game Development ◽  
Autistic Adults

This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore daily experiences with music among a convenience sample of 12 autistic adults interning at a video game development lab. Our analysis indicates that music technologies enabled autistic individuals to explore new music and to engage reflexively with personal taste and self-curation. We also show that participants used music to accompany a range of cognitive and emotional tasks. These findings are consistent with broader sociological literature on music-listening habits of typically developing adults and indicate that autistic adults use music to meet their personal needs. Our cohort also described expressly creative and proactive engagement with music, suggesting that habits with music may differ among unique sub-populations of autistic individuals.

scholarly journals Motor function evaluation of hydrocephalus children

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Aida Carla Santana de Melo Costa ◽  
Carlos Umberto Pereira ◽  
Edna Aragão Farias Cândido
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Normal Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Normal Tone ◽  
The University

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the kinetic functional condition of children with hydrocephalus; to identify the condition of the muscle tone; to verify the static and dynamic functional activities; and to verify the association between tone changes and functional activities. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, exploratory and field study, using qualitative and quantitative approach, performed at the University Hospital in Aracaju city, from August 2009 to March 2010. Results: From 50 evaluated children, 30 (60%) had hypertonia; 10 (20%) were hypotonic; and 10 (20%) did not show muscle tone alteration. The age average was considerably lesser in hypertonic children and higher in hypotonic and without tone alteration children. The average of carried through surgeries was more expressive in hypertonic children. Motor sequels had been present in 92% of the sample. The static functional activities, as well as dynamic functional activities, were lower in hypertonic children (p < 0,0001) and higher in hypotonic and normal tone children. Conclusions: Muscle tone exacerbation is more present in hydrocephalus children and motor function is impaired, being the neuropsychomotor development delayed more evident in spastic children group and less pronounced in children with normal muscle tone.

Anterior Reach and Symmetry on the Y-Balance Test are Related to Dorsiflexion Range of Motion but not Single-Limb Balance in Physically Active Young Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Hoch ◽  
Johanna M. Hoch ◽  
Cameron J. Powden ◽  
Emily H. Gabriel ◽  
Lauren A. Welsch
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Left Limb ◽  
The Right ◽  
Club Sport

Background: The anterior reach distance and symmetry of the Y-Balance Test (YBT) has been associated with increased injury risk in collegiate athletes. Examining the influence of dorsiflexion range of motion (DROM) and single-limb balance (SLB) on YBT performance may identify underlying factors associated with injury risk. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine if YBT anterior reach is related to DROM or SLB in collegiate varsity and club sport athletes. Methods: A convenience sample of 124 university varsity and club sport athletes (females: 99, age: 20.0 ± 1.6 years, height: 168.9 ± 12.5 kg, body mass: 68.8 ± 14.0 kg) completed the anterior direction of the YBT, weight-bearing DROM, and SLB components (firm and foam surface) of the Balance Error Scoring System on both limbs at one testing session. Relative symmetry was calculated by subtracting values of the left limb from the right limb. Results: For the left and right limb, normalized anterior reach distance was moderately correlated to DROM (R = .55, p < .001). Anterior reach distance and symmetry was weakly correlated to SLB and SLB symmetry (R = −.16 to −.03). Conclusion: There was a positive relationship between YBT anterior reach and weight-bearing DROM which was also observed in the between-limb symmetry. However, weak relationships were exhibited between YBT anterior reach and SLB. These findings may be useful for future injury prevention initiatives in athletic settings.

Abnormal Truncal Muscle Tone as a Useful Early Marker for Developmental Delay in Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-663
Author(s):  
Michael K. Georgieff ◽  
Judy C. Bernbaum ◽  
Marsha Hoffman-Williamson ◽  
Andrea Daft
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Normal Tone ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Thirty-four outborn premature infants of appropriate gestational ages with birth weights less than 1,750 g were seen in follow-up at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months, corrected age to assess the incidence of abnormalities of muscle tone and the relationship of the site of early abnormalities to 18-month developmental status. The incidence of abnormal tone was most common at 3 months and declined with increasing age. The percentages of infants with abnormal tone at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively, were: increased lower extremity tone—62%, 71%, 38%, 9%; decreased lower extremity tone—3%, 3%, 6%, 9%; increased truncal tone—41%, 15%, 6%, 0%; decreased truncal tone—21%, 18%, 15%, 6%. Infants with truncal hypertonicity at 3 months had significantly lower Bayley motor and mental scores at 18 months when compared with infants with normal truncal tone (P &lt; .05). However, infants with lower extremity hypertonicity at 3 months were no different developmentally at 18 months from infants with normal tone. Infants with truncal or lower extremity hypotonicity fared the worst developmentally (P &lt; .05). We conclude that there is a high incidence of abnormal muscle tone in premature infants up to 18 months of age and that early truncal tone abnormalities are associated with a worse developmental outcome.

A Systematic Review of Rehabilitation Exercises to Progressively Load the Gluteus Medius

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay R. Ebert ◽  
Peter K. Edwards ◽  
Daniel P. Fick ◽  
Gregory C. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
High Load ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Exercise Type ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercises ◽  
Very High

Context:Gluteus medius rehabilitation is of critical importance given its role in pelvic and lower limb stability, and the known link between gluteus medius weakness and many lower limb conditions.Objective:To systematically review the literature and present an evidence-based graduated series of exercises to progressively load gluteus medius.Evidence Acquisition:A systematic literature search was conducted in January 2016 to identify studies reporting gluteus medius muscle activity as a percentage of maximal volitional isometric contraction (MVIC), during rehabilitation exercises. Studies that investigated injury free participants were included. No restrictions were placed on the type or mode of exercise, though exercises that could not be accurately replicated or performed within an independent setting were excluded. Studies that did not normalize electromyographic activity to a side lying MVIC were excluded. Exercises were stratified based on exercise type and %MVIC: low (0% to 20%), moderate (21% to 40%), high (41% to 60%), and very high (> 61%).Evidence Synthesis:20 studies were included in this review, reporting outcomes in 33 exercises (and a range of variations of the same exercise). Prone, quadruped, and bilateral bridge exercises generally produced low or moderate load. Specific hip abduction/rotation exercises were reported as moderate, high, or very high load. Unilateral stance exercises in the presence of contralateral limb movement were often high or very high load activities, while high variability existed across a range of functional weight-bearing exercises.Conclusions:This review outlined a series of exercises commonly employed in a rehabilitation setting, stratified based on exercise type and the magnitude of gluteus medius muscular activation. This will assist clinicians in tailoring gluteus medius loading regimens to patients, from the early postoperative through to later stages of rehabilitation.

Effects of Hip Abduction Fatigue on Trunk and Shoulder Kinematics During Throwing and Passive Hip Rotational Range of Motion

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen D. Oliver ◽  
Jessica K. Washington ◽  
Sarah S. Gascon ◽  
Hillary A. Plummer ◽  
Rafael F. Escamilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Overhead Throwing ◽  
Shoulder Kinematics

Context:Hip abductor musculature contributes to the stability of the pelvis, which is needed for efficient energy transfer from the lower-extremity to the upper-extremity during overhead throwing.Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a bilateral hip abduction fatigue protocol on overhead-throwing kinematics and passive hip range of motion.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:Controlled laboratory setting.Participants:A convenience sample of 19 collegiate female softball players (20.6 [1.9] y; 169.3 [9.7] cm; 73.2 [11.2] kg).Main Outcome Measures:Repeated hip abduction to fatigue was performed on an isokinetic dynamometer for 3 consecutive days. Trunk and shoulder kinematics during throwing and hip internal and external rotation range of motion were analyzed prior to fatigue on day 1 (prefatigue) and following fatigue on day 3 (postfatigue).Results:Repeated-measures analysis of variances revealed no statistically significant differences in trunk and shoulder kinematics prefatigue and postfatigue. A statistically significant time × side × direction interaction (F2,36 = 5.462,P = .02,) was observed in hip passive range of motion. A decrease in throwing-side hip internal rotation prefatigue to postfatigue (mean difference = −2.284; 95% confidence interval, −4.302 to −0.266;P = .03) was observed.Conclusions:The hip abductor fatigue protocol used in this study did not significantly alter trunk and upper-extremity throwing kinematics. The lack of changes may indicate that fatigue of the hip abductors does not contribute to trunk and shoulder kinematics during throwing or the protocol may not have been sport-specific enough to alter kinematics.

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