Prevalence and morphological analysis of the atheromatous plaque in digital panoramic radiograph of a brazilian subpopulation

This study had as a goal to analyze the prevalence of suggestive images of atheromatous calcification in the common carotid artery, aiming to relate it to age, sex, antimere and to analyze the morphology of its calcification, through digital panoramic radiographs of the jaws. It’s an observational, transversal and retrospective study, on which there were analyzed 4.837 radiographs, that came from the files of a dental radiology private service in the city of Cabo de Santo Agostinho-PE, Brazil, referring to the period between 2011-2017. The morphology of the calcified atheromatous plaque was classified in: Grade I – normal (plaque not displayed); Grade II – intimal thickening; Grade III – simple plaque (less than 5mm thick); Grade IV – complex plaque (over 5mm thick) and Grade V – debris (irregular plaque with moving projections). The data collected was expressed in absolute values and frequency, analyzed through the chi-square, considering p< 0,05. Of the analyzed radiographs, 1.321 filled the eligibility criteria, of these 51 (3,8%0 presented suggestive image of atheromatous plaque, 71% were of the female sex (p = 0,003), 45% were at the age range between 5th and 6th decade of life (p= 0,001), most of the identified plaques were unilateral, to the left (p=0,02) and 76% were morphologically classified as grade III (less than 5mm thick). In this study, it was verified the low prevalence of suggestive images of atheromatous in carotid artery, with greater occurrence on the female sex, between the 5th and 6th decade of life, unilaterally, to the left and morphologically classified in grade III

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Comparison of toxicity experienced by elderly (E) and younger (Y) patients in breast cancer (BC) clinical trials.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.9542 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 9542-9542

Author(s):

Caroline Joy Mariano ◽

Mia Ivy Francl ◽

Howard John Lim ◽

Janice Pope ◽

Linda Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Trial Participation ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Chi Square ◽

Similar Frequency ◽

Cancer Agency ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Phase Ii And Iii ◽

Age Range ◽

Selection Of

9542 Background: E patients (pts), age 65 and older, form a large percent of BC pts, but are under-represented in trials, due to actual/perceived frail health, or actual/perceived greater potential toxicity from therapy (rx). With ethics approval, we examined whether E pts had more toxicity than Y pts (< 65 years) in clinical trials. Methods: All BC phase II and III drug trials open from 1999 to 2012 at British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Center were reviewed, excluding trials with only premenopausal pts. Adverse events (AE) were captured from case report forms and charts. The primary endpoint was meaningful toxicity (MTOX), defined as any grade 3 or 4 AE; any AE with dose delay or reduction; or premature discontinuation of rx. Frequencies of MTOX were compared using chi-square tests, means were compared with T-tests. Results: Among 46 trials enrolling 799 pts, rx types were chemotherapy ([CT], 18% of pts), hormone ([HT] 40%), skeletal ([ST] 14%), targeted ([T] 14%]) and CT + T (14%). Pts were 19% E (age range 65-84) and 81% Y (age range 25-64). E pts were more likely to enroll in HT and ST trials; Y pts were evenly distributed among all rx types. Toxicity data (Table) was available for 778 pts (97%). Conclusions: In non CT trials, E and Y pts had similar frequency and number of MTOX. Few E (5%) enrolled in CT trials, but with no more MTOX than Y pts. Discontinuation of rx was equal in E and Y, considering all rx types. Appropriate selection of E pts by eligibility criteria, self selection, and/or clinician assessment allows safe participation of E pts in BC trials. Fear of increased MTOX should not exclude fit E pts from trial participation. [Table: see text]

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Fibrinolytic Activity of the Arterial Wall

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1653503 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 21 (01) ◽

pp. 001-011 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K Onoyama ◽

K Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Fibrinolytic Activity ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Human Fibrinogen ◽

The Media ◽

The Common ◽

Almost All

SummaryThe tissue fibrinolysis was studied in 550 specimens of 7 kinds of arteries from 80 fresh cadavers, using Astrup’s biochemical method and Todd’s histochemical method with human fibrinogen.In the microscopically normal aortic wall, almost all specimens had the fibrinolytic activity which was the strongest in the adventitia and the weakest in the media.The fibrinolytic activity seemed to be localized in the endothelium.The stronger activity lay in the adventitia of the aorta and the pulmonary artery and all layers of the cerebral artery.The activity of the intima and media of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to be stronger in the internal carotid artery than in the common carotid artery.Mean fibrinolytic activity of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to decrease with age in the intima and the media of the thoracic aorta and seemed to be low in the cases with a high atherosclerotic index.The fibrinolytic activities of all three layers of the fibrous thickened aorta seemed to decrease, and those of the media and the adventitia of the atheromatous plaque to increase.The fibrinolytic activity of the arterial wall might play some role in the progress of atherosclerosis.

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Carotid intimal sarcoma causing stroke and intracranial metastasis via tumor embolization

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000008980 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 94 (11) ◽

pp. e1122-e1125

Author(s):

Shashank Agarwal ◽

Anna Derman ◽

Eytan Raz ◽

Syed T. Hoda ◽

Karthikeyan Arcot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Tumor Thrombus ◽

Poor Response ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Left Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Intracranial Metastasis ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Thrombotic Disease ◽

Intimal Sarcoma ◽

Tumor Embolization

ObjectiveTo present the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of a patient with carotid intimal sarcoma.MethodsDetailed medical interview, neurologic examination, and diagnostic evaluation including CT angiography head and neck, MRI brain and neck, digital subtraction angiography, and biopsy of the mass were performed.ResultsWe report a patient who presented with symptoms of multifocal, bilateral strokes over weeks caused by an enlarging tumor thrombus associated with an intimal sarcoma of the carotid artery. The presence of a carotid space mass encasing the left internal carotid artery was initially not recognized on imaging and was mistakenly attributed to soft atheromatous plaque rather than tumor thrombus. Rapid disease progression resulted in multiple intracranial metastases from tumor embolization.ConclusionClinical and radiologic findings of intimal sarcoma may be similar to those of thrombotic disease. However, patients with sarcoma may show an associated perivascular soft tissue mass and an unusual distribution of vessel stenosis. Reevaluation of imaging should be considered in patients presenting with initial imaging findings suggestive of rapidly progressive thrombotic disease who have a poor response to antithrombotic therapy and do not follow an expected clinical course.

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Symptoms of Poststroke Depression among Stroke Survivors: An Appraisal of Psychiatry Needs and Care during Physiotherapy Rehabilitation

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2016/5646052 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sam Chidi Ibeneme ◽

Canice Chukwudi Anyachukwu ◽

Akachukwu Nwosu ◽

Georgian Chiaka Ibeneme ◽

Muideen Bakare ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stroke Survivors ◽

Poststroke Depression ◽

Chi Square ◽

Outpatient Unit ◽

Psychiatry Review ◽

Mini Mental Status Examination ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nigeria Teaching Hospital ◽

Multiple Case ◽

Age Range

Purpose. To identify stroke survivors with symptoms of poststroke depression and the extent of psychiatry needs and care they have received while on physiotherapy rehabilitation.Participants. Fifty stroke survivors (22 females and 28 males) at the outpatient unit of Physiotherapy Department, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, who gave their informed consent, were randomly selected. Their age range and mean age were 26–66 years and54.76±8.79years, respectively.Method. A multiple case study of 50 stroke survivors for symptoms of poststroke depression was done with Beck’s Depression Inventory, mini mental status examination tool, and Modified Motor Assessment Scale. The tests were performed independently by the participants except otherwise stated and scored on a scale of 0–6. Data were analyzed usingZ-test for proportional significance and chi-square test for determining relationship between variables, atp<0.05.Results. Twenty-one (42.0%) stroke survivors had symptoms of PSD, which was significantly dependent on duration of stroke (χ2= 21.680, df = 6, andp=0.001), yet none of the participants had a psychiatry review.Conclusions. Symptoms of PSD may be common in cold compared to new cases of stroke and may need psychiatry care while on physiotherapy rehabilitation.

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Abstract P540: Safety of Carotid Artery Stenting Without Embolic Protection: A Single Centre Experience

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p540 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Christine Hawkes ◽

Aviraj Deshmukh ◽

Brian van Adel

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Carotid Artery Stenting ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Stroke Rate ◽

Protection Device ◽

Single Centre ◽

Stent Occlusion ◽

Embolic Protection Device ◽

Embolic Protection

Introduction: One of the most feared complications of carotid revascularization, including carotid artery stenting (CAS), is peri-procedural ischemic stroke. Several studies suggest that the use of a distal embolic protection device (EPD), as well as over-sized pre- and post-stenting balloon angioplasty, may increase the risk of dislodgement of atheromatous plaque in patients undergoing CAS. The CREST trial, that mandated the use of an EPD, had a peri-procedural ischemic stroke rate of 4.1%. We hypothesize that our technique of stenting without the use of an EPD and sub-maximal angioplasty will have a low risk of peri-procedural complications. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of consecutive cases of ICA stenting without use of an embolic protection device between January 2012 and June 2020 at a Canadian stroke centre. Data was extracted from the patient electronic medical record and Picture Archives and Communications Systems (PACS). Both symptomatic and asymptomatic CAS cases were included. Results: A total of 220 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 70 years (range 39-93 years), and 83 patients (38%) were female. The vast majority of patients were symptomatic (216 patients [98%]). A large portion of patients had a contralateral ICA occlusion or near occlusion (56 patients [25%]). In the majority of cases, a Precise Cordis RX carotid stent (Cordis) was placed. There were four patients with peri-procedural ischemic strokes (1.8%), with two occurring 8-30 days after stenting. There was one case of acute stent occlusion associated with an ischemic stroke. Two patients (less than 1%) had hyperperfusion syndrome after CAS. Median length of stay following the procedure was one day. Conclusions: In this single centre series, the peri-procedural risks of CAS without using an EPD are low. The ischemic stroke rate is less than 2%, lower than what has been reported in large randomized controlled trials using embolic protection.

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Helminth parasites of Jamaican anoles (Reptilia: Iguanidae): variation in prevalence and intensity with host age and sex in a population of Anolis lineatopus

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000054044 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 399-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

P. Vogel ◽

D. A. P. Bundy

Keyword(s):

Direct Relationship ◽

Helminth Parasite ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Host Age ◽

Almost All ◽

Low Prevalence ◽

Age Range ◽

Age And Sex

SUMMARYThe Jamaican iguanid lizard Anolis lineatopus is the host of 4 species of helminth parasite: an acanthocephalan (Centrorhynchus spinosus), a digenean (Mesocoelium danforthi), and 2 nematodes (Cyrtosumum scelopori and Thelandros (?cubensis). Prevalance of C. spinosus was unrelated to host age but was considerably higher in males (43%) than in females (10%). The intensity increased with host age: (range: 1–23, median: 3). Prevalence of C. scelopori increased with host age in both sexes: juveniles (<3 months) were uninfected while infection occurred in almost all lizards older than 9 months. Intensity was higher in males (range: 1–403, median: 158) than in females (range: 1–297, median: 86). The infection patterns of C. spinosus and C. scelopori differed significantly from each other and were not consistent with a simplistic direct relationship between time of exposure and infection prevalence. Acanthocephalan and digenean infections occurred at low prevalence and intensity although prevalence in older, larger lizards tended to be higher than in younger, smaller ones.

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The Incidence of Bleeding and the Factors That Influence Its Development among Patients Admitted With Dengue Fever

Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jgmcn.v9i2.17862 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Krishna Bahadur Thapa ◽

Namrata KC ◽

T Koirala ◽

A Bhatttarai

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Medical Center ◽

Adult Population ◽

World Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Female Sex ◽

Unit Increase ◽

Health Organization

Background: Dengue virus is now classified as a major global health threat by the World Health Organization. Bleeding is a common complication and is one of the most feared. There is an increase incidence in the adult population, hence, the focus of this study.Objectives: To determine the incidence of bleeding and the factors that influence its development among patients admitted with dengue fever at Fatima Medical Center, Phillipines from January 2009 to December 2011.Methods: This is a case control study using chart review. The incidence of bleeding is calculated using risk ratio. Factors affecting bleeding are determined using chi square for qualitative variables and T-test or ANOVA for quantitative variables. Simultaneous determination of factors association with bleeding will be analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Level of significance will be set at alpha = 0.05.Results: The female sex is significantly more prone to develop bleeding (p=0.044). There is no significant increase in bleeding in patients who have co-morbidities (p=0.447). In every one unit increase in WBC (1 x 109) the odds of bleeding decrease by 15%. For every one unit increase in hematocrit the odds of bleeding decreases by 6.8%. For every one unit increase in platelet count the odds of bleeding decreases by 3% that is every 10 unit increase in platelet count the odds of bleeding decrease by 22.9%.Conclusions: Female sex, a low initial WBC and platelet count will increase a patient’s propensity to develop bleeding.Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, page: 23-28

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Maximum Voluntary Molar and Incisor Biting Force and Morphological Variables in Subjects With Different Vertical Skeletal Patterns

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/03015742211044856 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030157422110448

Author(s):

Ankita Singh ◽

Pradeep Tandon ◽

Dipti Shastri

Keyword(s):

Chi Square ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Gender Influence ◽

Custom Made ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Facial Pattern ◽

Morphological Variables ◽

The Right ◽

Age Range ◽

Male Subjects

Objective: To estimate the maximum voluntary molar biting force (MBF) and incisor biting force (IBF) and their relationship to morphological variables in subjects with different vertical skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods: Maximum voluntary MBF, IBF, and morphological variables were recorded in 120 subjects (60 males and 60 females) with skeletal class I pattern in the age range of 14 to 24 years. All subjects were divided into 3 groups: Normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent, according to the maxillomandibular plane angle and Jarabak ratio. Bite force measurements were undertaken using a custom-made portable digital gnathodynamometer on the left and the right sides of the jaw in the molar and incisor regions during maximal clenching. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t-test, chi-square test, and ANOVA test using SPSS version 22.0.0.0 software. Results: MBF and IBF are influenced by gender with higher values obtained for male subjects in all groups in the following order: hypodivergent > normodivergent > hyperdivergent. No significant changes were seen with morphological variables in different groups. Conclusion: Molar and incisor biting forces are highest in hypodivergent subjects and least in hyperdivergent subjects as a reflection of jaw morphology and muscular efficiency. In all groups, males exhibit higher force values than females, underlining a strong gender influence on biting force and facial pattern.

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Assessment of the Consistency of Tetabulin Injection to the Patients with an Open Fracture Referred to the Khatamolanbia Hospital, Zahedan in 2017 with the National Guidelines

Journal of Molecular Biology Research ◽

10.5539/jmbr.v10n1p148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

Mohammad Sedaghat ◽

Alireza Dashipour ◽

Mahtab Masood

Keyword(s):

Open Fracture ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Open Fractures ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Clostridium Tetani ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Range ◽

Positive Effect

Background and Goal: Open fractures are at risk of infection with Clostridium tetani and severe traumatic infections. Tetabulin injection is strongly recommended for the patients with an open fracture and severe wounds. The goal of this study is to assess the consistency of tetabulin injection to the patients with an open fracture referred to the Khatamolanbia hospital in Zahedan in 2017 with the national guidelines. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study. 300 patients with an open fracture referred to the ER of the Khatamolanbia Hospital in Zahedan in 2017 were selected as the sample. Their fracture type and severity were assessed. The data were classified in the tables and statistically analyzed using Chi-square, pared t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression in SPSS 26. Findings: Among 300 patients, 275 patients (91.7%) were male and 25 patients (8.3%) were female. The most frequent age range was 20 to 30 years old (31.7%), and the least frequent ones were 5 to 10 years old (10%) and more than 50 years old (11.6%). The results showed that gender has no significant effect on the predictability of the need of tetabulin injection for the patients with open fractures (P=0.780). However, age has a significant positive effect on the predictability of the need of tetabulin injection for the patients with open fractures; as the age increases, the need for tetabulin injection also increases, and it must be injected in the 50 years and older patients (P=0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that age was effective on the decrease of the serum level of anti-tetanus antibody, however, gender had no significant effect on it. Therefore, it is concluded that tetabulin injection for open fractures is consistent with the national guideline.

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COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND ADULT MOTHERS TREATED IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL, THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 140-146

Author(s):

Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni ◽

Alieu Sekou Konneh

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Public Hospital ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

The Republic ◽

Retrospective Comparative Study

Complications of pregnancy remain a serious threat in Sub-Saharan Africa despite efforts to minimise maternal mortality due to pregnancy complications, and achieve the Millennium Development Goal 5. This is a retrospective study to determine the most common pregnancy complications among adolescents compared to adults treated in a public hospital from 2015 to 2018. The researcher applied a convenience sampling method in selecting the medical records. The instrument used was adapted from previous studies and data were analysed with descriptive and chi-square test for the inferential statistics. A total of 1,265 patients met the eligibility criteria and 540 (42.7%) were adolescents. Low birth weight (n=478, 88.5%) and preterm delivery (n=496, 91.9%) were common among babies born to adolescent mothers. Pregnancy-related complications among adolescent mothers showing the prevalence of anaemia, hypertension, and malaria were 494 (84.9%), 149 (56.2%) and 193 (62.1%) respectively. Gestational diabetes was found to be high among adult mothers (n=98, 74.8%). Among adolescent mothers, the prevalence of eclampsia was 62 (78.5%) and hemorrhage 61 (53.0%). The prevalence of Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was high among adolescent mothers (n=252, 80.5%). Comprehensive strategies are needed to keep girls in schools and to raise awareness and develop campaigns about using contraception properly to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy as well as to minimise the incidence of pregnancy-related complications.

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