Determination of rock hardness at the chrysotile - asbestos deposit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.I. Zuev ◽  
◽  
V.S. Vedernikov ◽  
D.V. Grigoriev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Rock Hardness ◽  
Technological Improvement

The article presents field and calculation methods for determining the rock hardness at the chrysotile-asbestos deposit mined by the open–pit mining. The methods presented are necessary for technological improvement of mining (including optimization of drilling and blasting operations), which, in the turn, improves the economic feasibility of the chrysotile-asbestos mining.

scholarly journals Determination of the Ultimate Underground Mining Depth considering the Effect of Granular Rock and the Range of Surface Caving

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Rongxing He ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Delin Song ◽  
Fengyu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Depth

Continuous mining of metal deposits leads the overlying strata to move, deform, and collapse, which is particularly obvious when open-pit mining and underground mining are adjacent. Once the mining depth of the adjacent open-pit lags severely behind the underground, the ultimate underground mining depth needs to be studied before the surface deformation extends to the open-pit mining area. The numerical simulation and the mechanical model are applied to research the ultimate underground mining depth of the southeast mining area in the Gongchangling Iron mine. In the numerical simulation, the effect of granular rock is considered and the granular rock in the collapse pit is simplified as the degraded rock mass. The ultimate underground mining depth can be obtained by the values of the indicators of surface movement and deformation. In the mechanical model, the modified mechanical model for the progressive hanging wall caving is established based on Hoke’s conclusion, which considers the lateral pressure of the granular rock. Using the limiting equilibrium analysis, the relationship of the ultimate underground mining depth and the range of surface caving can be derived. The results show that the ultimate underground mining depth obtained by the numerical simulation is greater than the theoretical calculation of the modified mechanical model. The reason for this difference may be related to the assumption of the granular rock in the numerical simulation, which increases the resistance of granular rock to the deformation of rock mass. Therefore, the ultimate underground mining depth obtained by the theoretical calculation is suggested. Meanwhile, the surface displacement monitoring is implemented to verify the reasonability of the ultimate underground mining depth. Monitoring results show that the indicators of surface deformation are below the critical value of dangerous movement when the underground is mined to the ultimate mining depth. The practice proves that the determination of the ultimate underground mining depth in this work can ensure the safety of the open-pit and underground synergetic mining.

scholarly journals Root systems of forest tree species and their soil-conservation functions on the Krušné hory Mts. slopes disturbed by mining

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Čermák ◽  
F. Fér
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Forest Tree Species

The paper describes the root system architecture of the forest tree species <I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.,<I> Quercus robur</I> L.,<I> Pinus sylvestris</I> L.,<I> Carpinus betulus</I> L.,<I> Acer platanoides</I> L., and <I>Alnus glutinosa</I> (L.) Gaertn. at the age of 80–220 years growing on the slopes of the Krušné hory Mts. at the altitude of 330 to 480 m above sea level. These species were influenced by open-pit mining of brown coal as well as by power engineeting. The investigation also involves the determination of soil properties of Ranker Cambisols.

scholarly journals Planetary fracturing and lineaments revealed in the Kovdor magnetite–apatite ore deposit by open pit mining

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
I. B. Agarkov ◽  
◽  
I. M. Ignatenko ◽  
V. A. Dunaev ◽  
I. S. Kryuchkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Structural Mapping ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
Tectonic Origin

The analysis of the studies into fracturing of Zhelezny pitwall rock mass over the period from 1989 to 2019 proves that planetary fracturing is represented by faults, carbonatite dykes and single fractures oriented in the same direction as the prevailing regional lineaments on the Kola Peninsula. Planetary fracturing is assumed as a system of regular-oriented fractures. The planetary fracturing also includes lineaments of tectonic origin. The scientists think the faults registered in the pitwall rock mass and codirectional with the lineaments will accompany mining operations down to the full depth of the pit, up to the full extraction of magnetite–apatite ore reserves. While preparing this article, the authors have collected, generalized and analyzed the data of geological and structural mapping implemented by VIOGEM’s experts over the period from 1989 to 2019. VIOGEM’s procedure of geological and structural mapping ensures continuous documentation of extensional tectonics at high referencing accuracy (to 50 cm), as well as determination of inaccessible azimuths and angles of fractures by remote assessment of their orientations in pit walls using a laser scanner and photographic techniques to study the structure of hard rock mass and the behavior of permanent benches.

Geology of the Izok Massive Sulfide Deposit, Nunavut Territory, Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN R. MORRISON
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Sulfide Deposit ◽  
Massive Sulfide Deposit ◽  
West Central ◽  
Nunavut Territory

Abstract The Izok Zn-Cu-Pb-Ag volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit is located 265 km south of Kugluktuk (Coppermine), Nunavut Territory, Canada, in the west-central Slave structural province. The Izok deposit is owned 100% by Inmet Mining Corporation and represents one of the largest undeveloped zinc-copper resources in North America. The Izok deposit is hosted within and near the top of a thick sequence of predominantly felsic pyroclastic rocks of late Archean age. The hanging-wall stratigraphy includes additional felsic volcaniclastic rocks, andesitic and basaltic flows, thin sulfide-rich iron formations, and turbiditic sedimentary rocks. The felsic volcanic rocks are intruded by intermediate dikes and sills, followed by gabbroic dikes and sills. Both intrusive suites are interpreted to be volcanic feeders to the overlying flows. All lithologies are subsequently cut by younger, irregular, granitic pegmatite and diabase dikes. The volcanic and sedimentary rocks are regionally metamorphosed to pyroxene hornfels grade. The massive sulfides occur within a large (kilometer-scale) Na-depleted sericitic alteration zone. The immediate footwall and hanging-wall rocks to the deposit are characterized by zones of muscovite-biotite-sillimanite, lesser chlorite-biotite-cordierite, and locally intense silicification and sodium metasomatism. All lithologies have been affected by younger Ca-metasomatism. As currently defined, the Izok deposit comprises a cluster of five complexly zoned composite lenses: the Northwest, North, Central West, Central East, and Inukshuk lenses. The first four lenses are amenable to open-pit mining, whereas the Inukshuk lens will require underground development. The total indicated mineral resource presently stands at 16.5 million tonnes with a grade of 2.2% Cu, 11.4% Zn, 1.1% Pb, and 60 g/t Ag. Inmet Mining Corporation is presently reviewing the economic feasibility of developing the property.

scholarly journals Using the method of electrical imaging for obtaining the modulus of elasticity in open cast mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Pavel Zuev ◽  
Andrey Vedernikov ◽  
Danila Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Elastic Waves ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Open Cast Mining ◽  
Electrical Imaging ◽  
Open Cast

The article presents a description of the methodology for obtaining data on the physical properties of rocks that compose the sides of the open pit for technological optimization of drilling and blasting operations. The methodology is based on field measurements and calculation methods for determining the hardness of rocks at a chrysotile asbestos deposit, which is being mined by an open pit. The physical properties are obtained by comparing a priori geological data with the values of electrical resistivity and the velocities of elastic waves in the rocks. Based on these data, the values of the Young’s modulus are calculated, which characterizes the strength of the rocks composing the array.

scholarly journals Determination of the working area of a hydraulic excavator

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 03016
Author(s):  
Nikolay Suslov ◽  
Stanislav Chernukhin
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Movement Mechanism ◽  
Walking Mechanism

The article discusses the mechanisms of walking used on dragline excavators. The disadvantages of each mechanism are identified and based on this, the most promising movement mechanism is selected – a three-legged walking mechanism with a hydraulic drive. For this mechanism, the main disadvantages are also identified. The following is a technical solution that allows you to save this mechanism from the main drawback – the need to raise the center of mass of the excavator to a significant height to ensure the maximum step value. The technical solution includes the presence of a flat hydrostatic support that allows to increase the efficiency of the mechanism in open-pit mining operations. The calculation of oil consumption through a flat hydrostatic support in the conditions of its use on quarry soils with different bearing capacity is made.

THE DETERMINATION OF THE FUEL CONSUMPTION OF MINING DUMP TRUCKS

2020 ◽  
pp. 557-567
Author(s):  
B. Purewtogtoh ◽  
B. Byambadagwa ◽  
B. Enchuluun
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Intensive Development

The intensive development of an open-pit mining method is usually accompanied by an increase in the depth of quarries and the complexity of other mining conditions, in which the role of quarry vehicles increases significantly. In this regard, the study and justification of rational parameters of operation of technological vehicles is very relevant and has important practical significance. New methods for determining fuel consumption have been developed based on the regularities established as a result of the study of the dependence on mining and technical conditions and physical load of the dump truck on this section of roads.

scholarly journals Determination of non-hazardous areas in terms of seismic effect for the use of explosives in the open pit in safe conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00035
Author(s):  
Edward Gheorghiosu ◽  
Daniela Rus ◽  
Ștefan Ilici ◽  
Sorin Mihai
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Seismic Effect ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mining Work

In addition to the technical and economic advantages of blasting rocks from open-pit mining, this method of extraction can produce effects with a direct impact in the area near the open pit. Blasting works generates effects such as seismic waves that cause vibrations, rock throws, noise and toxic gases. When their intensity and scope are not systematically evaluated and analysed, blasting works can cause serious consequences for people, civil / industrial buildings, the environment, thus affecting the health of the population and the stability / integrity of the buildings / slopes in the vicinity of the mining operations. The paper presents design / determination methods of areas where explosives may / may not be used in conditions of maximum safety in terms of seismic intensity, thus protecting the population and the civil / industrial objectives in the area of the mining work. The obtained results are extracted from a research study carried out for the opening in operation of a new mining deposit, having as reference calculations and theoretical interpretations related to the conditions established for the development of the blasting works.

scholarly journals Digitalization in Open-Pit Mining: A New Approach in Monitoring and Control of Rock Fragmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10848
Author(s):  
Natalia Koteleva ◽  
Sergei Khokhlov ◽  
Ilia Frenkel
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
New Approach ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Operational Component

Mining enterprises are widely introducing digital technologies and automation is one of such tools. Granularity monitoring, namely, the size determination of rock mass pieces is a common operational component of the processes that extract minerals by open-pit mining. The article proposes an approach that, in addition to the lump size distribution, makes it possible to estimate the lump form distribution as well. To investigate the effectiveness of monitoring the form of blasted rock mass lumps, the authors conducted experiments in four stages related to the rock condition. They include geological occurrence, explosive crushing, trommelling, and mill crushing. The relationship between these stages is presented and the change in the lumps fragment form is traced. The present article proposes an informational and analytical model of the processes at mining enterprises, extracting minerals by open-pit mining, as well as an algorithm for determining the lumps form and obtaining their distribution in the rock mass.

scholarly journals THE USE OF UNPOPULATED TECHNOLOGIES IN OPEN-PIT MINING

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
Viktor EFIMOV ◽  
◽  
Nikolay ABRAMKIN ◽  
Natalia EFIMOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Drilling Rigs ◽  
Robotic Technologies

On the example of JSC SUEK, the expediency of using robotic technologies at open-pit mining enterprises in Russia is considered. The analysis of industrial safety, socio-economic factors and economic feasibility suggests the need for the use of robotic technologies in mining enterprises. The ideology and practical steps of digital transformation in mining were formed in stages. Positively influencing the efficiency of work and the level of industrial safety of mining enterprises, the processes of digital transformation at mining enterprises in Russia have passed the stages of development: The first stage is Sensors and autonomous GIS products, the equipment of which allowed optimizing the loading of mining equipment by an average of 8%, increasing tire mileage by 7–15%, practically preventing accidents, digitizing mining and geological systems; The second stage is monitoring and statistics, which, using the experience of the first stage, made it possible to achieve an average fuel economy of 10%, increase cargo transportation productivity by 15%, and increase the technical readiness coefficient (CTG) by 4%; The third stage - Optimization and integration” contributed to an increase in the productivity of mining equipment by 10-15% stabilization of the quality of coal (ore), an increase in the productivity of drilling rigs by 15-20% while reducing the cost of drilling by 2–7%; The fourth stage is Predictive analysis, where, based on the achievements of the three previous stages, the prediction of the risk of accidents is achieved and, taking into account the modeling of optimization of technical and economic processes, preliminary maintenance is carried out with a forecast of production from extraction to enrichment. The fifth stage - Robotics - is a “revolutionary” increase in productivity due to changes in the parameters of geotechnologies. Modern production based on digital technologies is exposed to three main drivers: changing demands of mining enterprises, technology development and increased competition. Digital transformation is the process of transition of an enterprise to new ways of thinking based on the need to improve industrial and environmental safety and work based on the use of social, mobile and other digital applications.

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