scholarly journals Immune Mediators of Murine Lyme Arthritis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Anna Maria Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Eicosanoid Production ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Serum Transfer ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Vector Borne

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in both the United States and Europe; however, its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. The studies described in this thesis aid in the elucidation of mechanisms regulating murine Lyme arthritis and may suggest mechanisms by which human Lyme disease is mediated. (1) We found that the chemokine KC is responsible for neutrophil recruitment and subsequent development of Lyme arthritis and carditis. This was the first study to describe an immunological regulatory mechanism mediating disease susceptibility to murine Lyme disease, as resistant mice (B6) produce less KC than susceptible (C3H/HeJ) mice and do not develop disease. (2) We found that metabolites produced via the COX-2 pathway are important for functional resolution and that resolution is likely mediated via the PGE2/EP2 axis. (3) We found that although dietary fish oil substitution leads to a global shift in eicosanoid production (from AA/LA-derived eicosanoids to EPA/DHA-derived eicosanoids) and promotes antiinflammatory prostaglandin production, disease severity is not altered. (4) We found that eicosanoid production throughout the course of autoantibody-drive K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis differs significantly from that seen during Lyme arthritis and that patterns of eicosanoid expression reflect the severity and kinetics of each type of arthritis. These studies aid in understanding the immunological mechanisms regulating the occurrence and severity of murine Lyme arthritis.

The Limping Child: Could It Be Lyme Arthritis? Information and Planning for School Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Tanya Laudenslager ◽  
Sheila Q. Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
School Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vector Borne

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States with Lyme arthritis becoming one of the most common symptoms of Lyme disease. It is imperative that school nurses become familiar with vector-borne disease and promptly consider Lyme arthritis to be contemplated as a differential diagnosis of a child presenting to the office with a limp and joint pain and swelling with no history of acute injury. The following article will discuss the overview, implications and management of Lyme arthritis in the school setting and includes a relevant IHP for school nurses to utilize in practice.

scholarly journals Pediatric unilateral knee swelling: a case report of a complicated differential diagnosis and often overlooked cause

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Guardado ◽  
Shane Sergent
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Tick Bite ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vector Borne

Abstract Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne illness in the United States. However, Lyme arthritis is a diagnosis that is often missed, even in children, who are the population with the highest incidence of Lyme disease. Lyme arthritis, which presents in the later stage of Borrelia burgdorferi infection, needs to be recognized and managed promptly, especially in endemic areas or when exposure to ticks is known. We present a case of a 3-year-old female presenting to the emergency department with a history of limping for 2 weeks. The mother of the child recognized a tick bite. However, the child was not taken to seek care expeditiously, because she had not developed any rashes. Test results demonstrated that the patient was IgG positive and IgM negative for Lyme disease, with Western blot confirming the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis. Most patients presenting with Lyme arthritis do not recall having a tick bite, making it difficult to differentiate it from other pediatric conditions. When this diagnosis is missed, it can result in long-term morbidity, which is generally refractory to intravenous antibiotic therapy, oftentimes requiring synovectomy. Hence, this underscores the importance of the consideration of Lyme arthritis as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with joint effusion.

scholarly journals Postoperative Lyme Arthritis in the Orthopaedic Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Hess ◽  
Zachary Devilbiss ◽  
Garry Wai Keung Ho ◽  
Raymond Thal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Postoperative Complication ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Level 3

Context:Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne illness in North America and Europe, and Lyme arthritis is a frequent late-stage manifestation in the United States. However, Lyme arthritis has rarely been reported as a postoperative complication.Evidence Acquisition:The PubMed database was queried through June 2018, and restricted to the English language, in search of relevant articles.Study Design:Clinical review.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Results:A total of 5 cases of Lyme arthritis as a postoperative complication have been reported in the literature.Conclusion:These cases highlight the importance for providers practicing in Lyme-endemic regions to keep such an infection in mind when evaluating postoperative joint pain and swelling. We propose herein an algorithm for the workup of potential postoperative Lyme arthritis.Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT):C

scholarly journals Seasonality of Acute Lyme Disease in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Sundheim ◽  
Michael N. Levas ◽  
Fran Balamuth ◽  
Amy D. Thompson ◽  
Desiree N. Neville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Cranial Neuropathy ◽  
Acute Arthritis ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Fourier Regression

Due to the life cycle of its vector, Lyme disease has known seasonal variation. However, investigations focused on children have been limited. Our objective was to evaluate the seasonality of pediatric Lyme disease in three endemic regions in the United States. We enrolled children presenting to one of eight Pedi Lyme Net participating emergency departments. Cases were classified based on presenting symptoms: early (single erythema migrans (EM) lesion), early-disseminated (multiple EM lesions, headache, cranial neuropathy, or carditis), or late (arthritis). We defined a case of Lyme disease by the presence of an EM lesion or a positive two-tier Lyme disease serology. To measure seasonal variability, we estimated Fourier regression models to capture cyclical patterns in Lyme disease incidence. While most children with early or early-disseminated Lyme disease presented during the summer months, children with Lyme arthritis presented throughout the year. Clinicians should consider Lyme disease when evaluating children with acute arthritis throughout the year.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Lyme Disease and Remaining Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Bobe ◽  
Brandon L. Jutras ◽  
Elizabeth J. Horn ◽  
Monica E. Embers ◽  
Allison Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Many ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Patients Experience

Lyme disease (also known as Lyme borreliosis) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States with an estimated 476,000 cases per year. While historically, the long-term impact of Lyme disease on patients has been controversial, mounting evidence supports the idea that a substantial number of patients experience persistent symptoms following treatment. The research community has largely lacked the necessary funding to properly advance the scientific and clinical understanding of the disease, or to develop and evaluate innovative approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Given the many outstanding questions raised into the diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatment of Lyme disease, and the underlying molecular mechanisms that trigger persistent disease, there is an urgent need for more support. This review article summarizes progress over the past 5 years in our understanding of Lyme and tick-borne diseases in the United States and highlights remaining challenges.

scholarly journals Lyme Disease and Pregnancy

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Alexander ◽  
Susan M. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
In Pregnancy

Lyme disease is the most commonly transmitted vector-borne disease in the United States, with many regions of the country at risk. Like other spirochete-borne infections, Lyme disease progresses in stages, making diagnosis in the early stages of the illness and prompt treatment important for cure. An early diagnosis is made difficult by the less-than-ideal serologic tests and the varied clinical presentations of the disease. Although Lyme disease has been reported in pregnancy, the transmission rate to the fetus and potential harmful effects are largely unknown. This review discusses the diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of Lyme disease with an emphasis on the pregnant patient.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analyses of Morphological Variants ofBorrelia burgdorferiShed New Light on Persistence Mechanisms: Implications for Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Feng ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
The United States ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Morphological Variants ◽  
Mechanisms Of Persistence ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractBorrelia burgdorfericauses Lyme disease, which is the most common vector borne disease in the United States and Europe. Although 2-4 week antibiotic treatment for Lyme disease is effective in the majority of cases, about 10–20% patients suffer from prolonged post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). While the mechanisms of PTLDS are unclear, persisting organisms not killed by current Lyme antibiotics has been suggested as a possible explanation.B. burgdorferican spontaneously develop different morphological variant forms under stress or in stationary phase with increased persistence to antibiotics. To shed light on the possible mechanisms by which these variant forms develop persistence, here, we isolated threeB. burgdorferiforms, log phase spirochetal form, stationary phase planktonic form, and stationary phase aggregated biofilm-like microcolony form. We showed that the two separated stationary phase forms especially microcolony form have more persistence to antibiotics than the log phase spirochetal form. Then, we performed mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis to determine the proteomic profiles of the three different forms to reveal the mechanisms of persistence inB. burgdorferi. We identified 1023 proteins in the threeB. burgdorferiforms, with 642 proteins (63%) differentially expressed. Compared with the log phase spirochetal form ofB. burgdorferi, a total of 143 proteins were upregulated in both stationary phase planktonic form and microcolony form. Among these common upregulated proteins, 90 proteins had predicted functions and were mapped to different pathways involved in infection and virulence, DNA repair, heat shock, transport, sporulation, cell envelope and metabolism, many of which are consistent with persister mechanisms in other bacteria. A particularly interesting observation is that infection and virulence related proteins are highly up-regulated in stationary phase planktonic form and microcolony form compared with log phase spirochetal form. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms ofB. burgdorferipersistence and offer novel targets for developing more effective diagnostics, vaccines and treatments.

scholarly journals Assessing Recognition of the Vector of Lyme Disease Using Resin-Embedded Specimens in a Lyme Endemic Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebbiena M Bron ◽  
Hannah Fenelon ◽  
Susan M Paskewitz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Tick Check

Abstract Lyme disease (LD) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. To assess whether a tick bite puts someone at risk for LD, adequate tick identification skills are needed. We surveyed residents of a high LD-incidence state, Wisconsin, on their ability to distinguish ticks from insects and to identify the specimens that could transmit the LD causative agent. Surveys were conducted using resin blocks with four insects and four tick specimens embedded. About half of the participants (64 of 130) recognized all of the ticks, and 60% of those individuals chose only ticks and no insects. Younger participants (18- to 44-yr old) were more likely to identify ticks correctly compared with those 45 yr and older. Participants who agreed strongly with the statement ‘I know a lot about ticks` were also likelier to correctly identify ticks. When asked to identify which specimens could transmit LD, less than 25% of participants chose both the Ixodes scapularis Say adult female and nymph and about half of those (15% of participants) picked only those two and no other specimens. Although the relatively small convenience sample was biased toward younger participants who consider themselves ‘outdoorsy’, results showed that further assessments of tick recognition skills are needed to understand what determines whether people can recognize medically important ticks and to evaluate the potential benefits of enhanced education. In addition to the value of the resin blocks as research tools, the blocks may be useful as training tools to improve tick check efficacy.

Lyme Disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Robert S. Baltimore ◽  
Eugene D. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
The Us ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
The Common

Introduction and Definitions Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) is a systemic infection caused by a spirochete, Borrelia burgdoferi. It is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Lyme disease was first described in Lyme, Connecticut (hence its name), where a cluster of children who had unexplained arthritis first were brought to medical attention by one of their parents. Investigation of this "epidemic" of arthritis led to the description of Lyme arthritis and ultimately to the discovery of its bacterial etiology. The clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis are protean; this, coupled with the practical difficulties of confirming the diagnosis in many patients, has led to many misconceptions about Lyme disease. Indeed, there is much we do not know about the disease, which was only recognized in the US as a distinct entity slightly more than 15 years ago, and the cause of which was first identified only about 10 years ago. Epidemiology ECOLOGY AND TRANSMISSION Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodid species. In the US, the common vectors are Ixodes dammini (the deer tick), reported to be the same species as I scapularis, in the Northeast and the Midwest and I pacificus (the western black-legged tick) on the Pacific Coast. Ixodes ticks are much smaller than the common wood tick; the nymphal Ixodes tick is about the size of a pencil point (1 to 2 mm).

Spontaneous Knee Effusion in an Adolescent Soccer Player

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Bernadette D. Buckley ◽  
Christopher J. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Radiographic Imaging ◽  
Knee Effusion

A 13-year-old female recreational soccer player presented with spontaneous left knee effusion approximately 2 weeks after the start of soccer season. Radiographic imaging was negative, and a complete blood count identified an increase in inflammatory markers. Additional two-tier testing confirmed a Lyme disease diagnosis, which was unusual for an athlete residing in the southeast region of the United States. The presentation of knee effusion, and subsequently Lyme arthritis, is a common clinical manifestation of late-stage Lyme disease. Early recognition of this infection and prompt treatment by a variety of specialists reduce the severity or chronicity of symptoms.

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