scholarly journals Gender differences in risks for antisocial behavior

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Erin K. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Female Juvenile Offenders

Adolescent girls have always been a relevant presence in the juvenile justice system but have received limited attention from researchers. In response to the dearth of studies on female juvenile offenders, federal study groups and reviewers have called for more research to advance our understanding of the risk factors for antisocial behavior among adolescent girls. To date, however, much of the research on antisocial behavior in adolescent girls has had relatively serious methodological limitations, including relying on correlational or cross-sectional designs and focusing on a limited range of risk factors (e.g., family or school). The current study addressed these limitations by longitudinally examining how risks assessed in early adolescence across multiple domains of youths' social ecology (i.e., individual, family, peer, school, and neighborhood) predicted antisocial behaviors in late adolescence and early adulthood for both females and males. A representative national sample of 1,033 youths and their caregivers completed structured interviews that assessed risk factors in early adolescence, and these risk factors were used to predict subsequent antisocial behaviors. Results of path analyses indicated that peer relationship variables and low levels of academic commitment were most predictive of male antisocial behavior in late adolescence, while physical abuse and age were most predictive of female antisocial behavior in late adolescence. However, most of these same variables no longer predicated antisocial behavior in early adulthood. Overall, the findings suggest that treatments for antisocial behavior should be flexible enough to target the risks that are most salient for male and female youths.

scholarly journals Meal frequencies in early adolescence predict meal frequencies in late adolescence and early adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Pagh Pedersen ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
Esben Meulengracht Flachs ◽  
Mette Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence

Crime and Punishment in Emerging Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Craig ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategies

Emerging adulthood is a time of transition and identity development, largely between late adolescence and into early adulthood. During this period, individuals are navigating their new roles as adulthood ensues and, for some, antisocial behavior is part of this time period. This chapter highlights some of the main findings regarding the age–crime relationship, discusses some of the most central theories for understanding this relationship, and reviews the various punishment and rehabilitation strategies that have been applied to adolescent (and, very recently, emerging adulthood) offending. The authors identify gaps in the knowledge base, and possible avenues for both theoretical and empirical research are suggested.

scholarly journals The different origins of stability and change in antisocial personality disorder symptoms

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ALEXANDRA BURT ◽  
MATT McGUE ◽  
LATANYA A. CARTER ◽  
WILLIAM G. IACONO
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
The Stability

Background. Although adult antisocial personality disorder is generally preceded by a pattern of childhood/adolescent conduct problems, only a subset of those who manifest these developmental precursors go on exhibit significant antisocial behavior in adulthood. To date, however, researchers have yet to resolve the origins of either stability or change in antisocial behavior from childhood/adolescence to adulthood.Method. The present study sought to fill this gap in the literature, making use of a sample of 626 twin pairs from the ongoing Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS). Participants were assessed three times between late adolescence and early adulthood. We made use of biometric Cholesky decomposition and latent growth curve modeling techniques, which allow researchers to disambiguate processes of stability and change and evaluate their respective etiologies (i.e. genetic or environmental).Results. Our results revealed that genetic forces were largely responsible for the stability of adult symptoms of antisocial behavior (AAB) from late adolescence through mid-adulthood, while non-shared environmental influences were primarily responsible for change. Importantly, however, although some of the latter represented systematic and long-lasting influence, much of this non-shared environmental variance appeared transient and idiosyncratic.Conclusions. Such findings highlight the enduring impact of genetic influences on AAB, and offer insights into the nature of non-shared environmental influences on development.

scholarly journals IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age and later all-cause mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D Batty ◽  
M J Shipley ◽  
L H Mortensen ◽  
S H Boyle ◽  
J Barefoot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
All Cause Mortality

scholarly journals Risk factors for antisocial behavior in children: comparison between boys and girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Castro Coelho ◽  
Ana Cristina Neves ◽  
Sónia Caridade
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Portuguese Version

Abstract Recognizing the importance of assessing the risk of antisocial behavior, this study aimed to characterize the risk factors for the occurrence of antisocial behavior, seeking to understand if there are differences between boys and girls. Eighty-five cases of children referred by the promotion and protection system due to the display of antisocial behaviors were reviewed. A total of 65 were boys and 20 were girls, aged between six and eleven years. Data collection was performed using the Portuguese version of the risk assessment instruments Early Assessment Risk List for boys and for girls. Gender differences were assessed, with boys exhibiting a higher risk level for antisocial behavior, adopting more serious behaviors (e.g., impulsive behaviors). Girls engaged in less serious behavior (e.g., disrespect). By characterizing the most prevalent risk factors, the results of this study may contribute to the identification of intervention priorities.

scholarly journals Growth dynamics among adolescent girls in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationally representative data spanning 2011–2014

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255273
Author(s):  
A. M. Adams ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
A. S. Roy ◽  
Md. T. Hassan ◽  
M. K. Mridha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Growth Faltering

Background Adolescence is the last opportunity to reverse any growth faltering accumulated from fetal life through childhood and it is considered a crucial period to optimize human development. In Bangladesh, a growing double burden of underweight and obesity in adolescents is recognized, yet limited data exists on how, when, and where to intervene. This study assesses the dynamics of growth among adolescent girls in Bangladesh, providing insight about critical junctures where faltering occurs and where immediate interventions are warranted. Methods We pooled data from Bangladesh’s Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Project collected between 2011 and 2014 to document the age dynamics of weight and linear growth. 20,572 adolescent girls were measured for height and 19,345 for weight. We constructed growth curves for height, weight, stunting, and underweight. We also stratified growth dynamics by wealth quintile to assess socioeconomic inequities in adolescent trajectories. Results Height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in Bangladeshi girls deteriorates throughout adolescence and especially during the early years. Mean HAZ decreases by 0.20 standard deviations (sd) per year in early adolescence (10–14 years) vs 0.06 sd/year during late adolescence (15–19 years), while stunting increases by 16 percentage points (pp) vs 6.7 pp, respectively. Conversely, BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) increases by 0.13 sd/year in early adolescence vs 0.02 sd/year in late adolescence, and underweight decreases by 12.8 pp vs 3.2 pp. Adolescent girls in all socioeconomic groups show a similar pattern of HAZ and BAZ dynamics, but the curve for the richest quintile stays above that of the poorest across all ages. Conclusions Trends and levels of stunting and underweight among adolescent girls in Bangladesh are worrisome, suggesting substantial linear growth faltering in early adolescence, with improving weight-for-age occurring only as linear growth slows and stops. Given the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Bangladesh and emerging evidence of the link between stunting and later chronic diseases, greater attention to adolescent growth and development is needed. Our findings suggest that, to address stunting, interventions in early adolescence would have the greatest benefits. School-based interventions could be a way to target this population.

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