scholarly journals Growing Bell Peppers in Soilless Culture under Open Shade Structures

EDIS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Hochmuth ◽  
Danielle D. Treadwell ◽  
Eric H. Simonne ◽  
Linda B. Landrum ◽  
Wanda L. Laughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Soilless Culture ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Bell Peppers

HS-1113, a 4-page illustrated fact sheet by Robert C. Hochmuth, Danielle D. Treadwell, Eric H. Simonne, Linda B. Landrum, Wanda L. Laughlin, and Lei Lani Davis, describes the results of trials of using soilless culture and shade to extend the bell pepper growing season through the hottest part of the summer and into fall. Includes tables of trial data. Published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, July 2007. HS-1113/HS368: Growing Bell Peppers in Soilless Culture under Open Shade Structures (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Colored Bell Pepper Yields from Cultivars Grown in High Tunnels in Northern New England

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-462
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grube Sideman
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Controlled Environments

High tunnels can facilitate production of ripe colored bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) in locations with short growing seasons by extending the length of the growing season and protecting fruit from biotic and abiotic stressors. We grew 10 cultivars of bell pepper over 3 years in a high tunnel in Durham, NH. Yields of marketable colored fruit ranged from 1576 to 2285 g/plant in 2015, from 1194 to 1839 g/plant in 2016, and 1471 to 2358 g/plant in 2017. Significant differences in marketable yield among cultivars existed only in 2015 and 2017. Of the 10 cultivars evaluated, those developed for controlled environments produced greater marketable yields than those developed for production in the field or unheated tunnels (P < 0.0001). The seasonal production patterns were similar among cultivars in all 3 years: a single peak in production occurred between 159 and 175 days after seeding, followed by much lower but steady production until frost ended each growing season. Our results demonstrate that reasonable yields of colored bell peppers can be produced in high tunnels in locations with short growing seasons. We suggest that further work may be needed to identify optimal pruning and canopy management strategies to maximize yields and fruit quality.

3D reconstruction and calculation of surface area and volume of bell pepper

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-113
Author(s):  
Zoltán Gillay ◽  
László Fenyvesi
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Area And Volume

There was a method developed that generates the three-dimensional model of not axisymmetric produce, based on an arbitrary number of photos. The model can serve as a basis for calculating the surface area and the volume of produce. The efficiency of the reconstruction was tested on bell peppers and artificial shapes. In case of bell peppers 3-dimensional reconstruction was created from 4 images rotated in 45° angle intervals. The surface area and the volume were estimated on the basis of the reconstructed area. Furthermore, a new and simple reference method was devised to give precise results for the surface area of bell pepper. The results show that this 3D reconstruction-based surface area and volume calculation method is suitable to determine the surface area and volume of definite bell peppers with an acceptable error.

Picking Regimes Affect Yield, Grade Distribution and Retail Value of Colored Bell Pepper

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 550d-550
Author(s):  
Eric H. Simonne ◽  
John T. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Grade Distribution ◽  
Bell Peppers

The retail value of yellow and red bell peppers is usually three to five times higher than that of the green ones. However, colored bell pepper production in Alabama is presently limited because most growers do not wait the additional 3 to 6 days needed for marketable green pepper to develop color. Hence, drip-irrigated yellow `Admiral' and `Goldcoast' and red `Bell Star' and `Capsitrano' bell peppers were grown in single row and bare-ground, and harvested as needed between July and October 1997 at the 0/3 (green), 1/3 or 2/3 colored stages. The interaction variety × picking method was not signficant (P > 0.50). Early (9,136 kg/ha) and total (32,363 kg/ha) yields of green (0/3) peppers were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the 1/3 and 2/3 colored ones (5,166 and 27,235 kg/ha, respectively). Higher green yields were mainly due to increased numbers of marketable fruits rather than increased fruit size. The longer the pods stayed on the plants, the more likely was sunscald to occur. Retail values (/ha) for the early fancy grade were $10,800 and $20,500 for the green and colored peppers, respectively (using $2 and $6/kg, respectively). These results suggest that the present higher retail value of the colored bell peppers off-sets the lower expected yields.

scholarly journals Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates and Wilt Epidemics of Pepper

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 789-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Bhat ◽  
R. F. Smith ◽  
S. T. Koike ◽  
B. M. Wu ◽  
K. V. Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Minor Variation ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Compatibility Group

Epidemics of Verticillium wilt in pepper fields of the central coast of California and isolates of Verticillium dahliae associated with these epidemics were characterized. The mean incidence of wilted plants per field ranged from 6.3 to 97.8% in fields with Anaheim, jalapeno, paprika, or bell peppers. In general, incidence of wilt in jalapeno and bell pepper crops was lower than in crops of other types of pepper. Inoculum density of V. dahliae in the surveyed pepper fields ranged from 2.7 to 66.6 microsclerotia g-1 dry soil, and the correlation between disease incidence and density of microsclerotia was high (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Distribution of Verticillium wilt was aggregated in a majority of the pepper fields surveyed, but the degree of aggregation varied. Vegetative compatibility group (VCG) characterization of 67 isolates of V. dahliae indicated that 67% belonged to VCG 2, 22% to VCG 4, and 11% to a new group, designated VCG 6. The pathogenicity of isolates of V. dahliae from bell pepper and tomato plants was tested by inoculating 1-month-old bell pepper (cv. Cal Wonder) and tomato (cv. EP 7) seedlings and incubating the inoculated plants in the greenhouse. Seedlings of bell pepper were susceptible only to the isolates of V. dahliae from pepper, whereas seedlings of tomato were susceptible to both pepper and tomato isolates. Pepper isolates belonging to VCG 2, VCG 4, and VCG 6 were highly pathogenic to bell pepper and chili pepper. Temperatures between 15 and 25°C were optimal for mycelial growth of a majority of isolates of V. dahliae. Molecular characterization of pepper isolates of V. dahliae using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique revealed minor variation among these isolates, but unique polymorphic banding patterns were observed for isolates belonging to VCG 6. Verticillium wilt of pepper is a major production constraint in the central coast of California. More aggressive isolates of V. dahliae may have been selected in this region as a result of intensive cropping practices.

scholarly journals Identification and Management of Colletotrichum acutatum on Immature Bell Peppers

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1198-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie L. Lewis Ivey ◽  
Cristian Nava-Diaz ◽  
Sally A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

Farmers in northwestern Ohio reported severe losses due to anthracnose in immature (green) bell pepper as early as 1998. Two fungal isolates (AN1 and AN2) were recovered from immature fruit showing severe anthracnose symptoms. The pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum acutatum based on morphological and cultural characteristics, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with the C. acutatum species-specific primer (CaInt2), and nucleotide sequencing. Isolate AN1 was pathogenic on immature pepper, tomato, and strawberry. Twenty-two bell pepper cultivars evaluated in field trials were all susceptible to C. acutatum AN1 and AN2, but the degree of susceptibility varied among cultivars. ‘Crusader’, ‘Valiant’, and ‘ACX229’ were the most susceptible, while ‘North Star’ and ‘Paladin’ were least susceptible. The fungicides pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) alternated with manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (Manex), chlorothalonil (Bravo Ultrex) alone, Manex plus copper hydroxide (Kocide 2000), and pyraclostrobin + boscalid (BAS 516 = Pristine) alternated with Manex significantly reduced anthracnose incidence and intensity in bell peppers compared with the untreated control.

scholarly journals Field Observations During the Ninth Microwave Water and Energy Balance Experiment (MicroWEX-9): from March 24, 2010 through January 6, 2011

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Bongiovanni ◽  
Pang-Wei Liu ◽  
Karthik Nagarajan ◽  
Robert Terwilleger ◽  
Alejandro Monsivais-Huertero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Light Detection And Ranging ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Biological Engineering ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Microwave Signatures ◽  
Lidar Observations

The goal of MicroWEX-9 was to conduct a season-long experiment that incorporated passive microwave observations as well as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) observations for a growing season of elephant grass. The variety of sensors would allow for further understanding of the land-atmosphere interactions during the growing season, and their effect on observed passive microwave signatures at 6.7 GHz and 1.4 GHz, as well as LiDAR scans. This 72-page fact sheet was written by Tara Bongiovanni, Pang-Wei Liu, Karthik Nagarajan, Robert Terwilleger, Alejandro Monsivais-Huertero, Jasmeet Judge, Juan Fernandez-Diaz, Daniel Preston, Tyler Cheney, Jason Motsinger, and published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, January 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae494

scholarly journals Florida Subtropical Peaches: Production Practices

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy Olmstead ◽  
Jose Chaparro ◽  
Jeffrey G. Williamson ◽  
Robert Rouse ◽  
Russell Mizell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Insect Management ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Recommended Practices

Subtropical peach production includes many practices, such as site selection, orchard design, and disease, weed, and insect management through to harvest. Florida’s subtropical climate allows growers to harvest their crops early, but it creates challenges for the long postharvest growing season. This 14-page fact sheet covers the breadth of topics related to subtropical peach production, including a monthly timeline of recommended practices. Written by M. Olmstead, J. Chaparro, J. G. Williamson, R. Rouse, R. Mizell, P. Harmon, and J. Ferguson, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, August 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs348

scholarly journals Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits are Susceptible to Chilling Injury at the Breaker Stage of Ripeness

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1659-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Shin Lim ◽  
Seong Mo Kang ◽  
Jeoung Lai Cho ◽  
Kenneth C. Gross ◽  
Allan B. Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Temperature Storage

To study ripening-related chilling injury (CI) of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), fruit at mature green, breaker, and red-ripe stages were stored at 1, 5, 7, and 10 °C for 4 weeks. Surface pitting was evaluated after storage at 1 °C for 2 weeks followed by a 2-day exposure to room temperature (20 °C). Exposing fruit to 1 °C enhanced water loss, respiration, ethylene production, and electrolyte leakage, but slowed color change. Weight loss, respiration, ethylene production, electrolyte leakage, and color change increased more in breaker than in mature green and red-ripe fruit. No pitting symptom was observed at temperatures of 5 to 10 °C. After storing peppers at 1 °C for 2 weeks, breaker stage fruit exhibited chilling symptoms of severe surface pitting with more sheet pitting and deeper peel depression. Mature green fruit showed only moderate pitting. However, red-ripe peppers showed no injury and cells showed a normal appearance after low-temperature storage (1 °C). These results show that bell peppers tended to be more susceptible to chilling temperature while at the breaker stage and that the increase in visible CI is correlated with increased water loss, respiration, ethylene production, electrolyte leakage, and color change during storage.

scholarly journals Development of a Seedling-applied Antitranspirant Formulation to Enhance Water Status, Growth, and Yield of Transplanted Bell Pepper

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Nitzsche ◽  
Gerald A. Berkowitz' ◽  
Jack Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Transplant Shock

The objective of this research was to develop an effective antitranspirant formulation for reducing transplant shock (transitory water stress) in bell pepper (Capsicm annuum L.) seedlings. A formulation with a paraffin wax emulsion (Folicote at 5%) and a spreader/sticker type surfactant (Biofilm at 0.5%) was effective as an antitranspirant. This formulation was less phytotoxic than other formulations tested. Application of the formulation led to increased leaf water potential (Ψ w) i in transplanted seedlings for several days as compared with untreated transplants. When this, (relatively) nonphytotoxic formulation was used in a field study for 1 year, increased seedling Ψ w during a period of imposed water stress led to less leaf abscission and increased plant growth throughout the growing season. Chemical names used: alkylarylpolyethoxyethanol (Biofilm).

scholarly journals 278 A Ratoon Cropping System for Fall Bell Pepper Production

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 439B-439
Author(s):  
Brian A. Kahn ◽  
Daniel I. Leskovar
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Studies were conducted to examine the effects of pruning treatments applied to spring-transplanted bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) on marketable fruit yield in late summer and fall. Control plants were set in the field in early May 1997 (Oklahoma) and Apr. 1998 (Oklahoma and Texas) and were harvested weekly into October (Oklahoma) or periodically into December (Texas). In 1997, there were no differences in total marketable fruit weight among four treatments involving height and method of pruning, but all reduced total marketable fruit weight relative to the control. In Oklahoma in 1998, the control was compared to plants mowed on 27 July at an average height of ≈24 cm. Mowed plants produced less total marketable fruit weight but more U.S. Fancy fruit than control plants. Also, control and mowed plants did not differ in weight of U.S. no. 1 fruit. In Texas in 1998, the control was compared to plants mowed on 4 Sept. at a height of ≈20 cm. Mowed plants produced more than double the weight of U.S. no. 1 fruit and fewer cull fruit than control plants. Nonpruned transplants set in the field in Summer 1998 (Oklahoma and Texas) gave low marketable yields. Maintaining spring-transplanted bell peppers is a viable technique for fall pepper production, and the highest total marketable yields may occur if these plants are not mowed. However, mowing offers an opportunity for increased fall production of premium fruit, and mowed plants would be easier to manage than unpruned plants.

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