scholarly journals UPDATED COUNTY MOSQUITO SPECIES RECORDS FOR NORTHWEST FLORIDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Made In ◽  
Northwest Florida

This report updates the mosquito species composition for Santa Rosa, Okaloosa, Walton, Holmes, Washington, Jackson, Calhoun, Liberty, Gadsden, Leon, Wakulla, Jefferson, Madison, and Taylor Counties, through collections made in a centralized surveillance program operated from 2002-2020 in northwest Florida. 91 county species records were documented. The most notable discoveries included finding Mansonia titillans (Walker) in eleven of the fourteen surveyed counties, Psorophora horrida (Dyar and Knab) in nine, Anopheles perplexens Ludlow in eight and Culex erraticus (Dyar and Knab) and Uranotaenia lowii Theobald in seven. Psorophora mathesoni Belkin and Heinemann and Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald) were found in six new counties. Culex pilosus (Dyar and Knab) was found solely in Calhoun and Liberty Cos., while Culex peccator Dyar and Knab and Culex tarsalis Coquillett were recovered in Calhoun Co. and Santa Rosa Co., respectively. Mansonia titillans, Cx. erraticus, Cx. tarsalis and Ae. j. japonicus are known arbovirus vectors, thus increasing the disease risk in this region.

scholarly journals Species Composition of Mosquitoes from Boarding School Dormitories in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
A O Omoregie ◽  
M E Omoregie ◽  
A D Adetimehin ◽  
F I Aigbodion
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Edo State

This study investigated the distribution, species composition, and sex ratio of indoor resting mosquitoes alongside their relationship with climatic conditions in school dormitories located in Egor, Oredo and Ikpoba-okha Local Government Areas (LGAs) respectively in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Indoor resting mosquitoes were collected with the aid of a sweep net and mechanical aspirator from randomly selected school dormitories between 08.00hr and 11.00hr from November (2011) to June (2012). The mosquitoes collected were identified using published morphological identification keys. A total of 766 mosquitoes containing four species: Culex quinquefasciatus (n=724; 94.5%), Anopheles gambiaes.l. (n=37; 4.8%), Culexannulioris (n=4; 0.5%) and Anopheles funestus (n=1; 0.1%) in descending order of importance, were collected. Cx.quinquefasciatus was the most predominant mosquito species in school dormitories across the three LGAs. Cx. annulioris and An. gambiaes.l were most abundant in school dormitories located in Oredo and Ikpoba-okha LGAs respectively. An.funestus occurred only in school dormitories located in Oredo LGA. Analysis of the relationship between meteorological data and species abundance varied significantly (P<0.05) only among An. gambiaes.l with rainfall. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in the sex ratio for all species obtained from the various locations except An. gambiae and Cx. annulioris in dormitories located in Oredo LGA Results of this study revealed the high presence of mosquito-borne disease risk within the school dormitories and environ, and therefore, the urgent need for properly planned, executed and regular evaluation of control measures.

scholarly journals Evaluating the competence of the primary vector, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and the invasive mosquito species, Aedes japonicus japonicus, in transmitting three Japanese encephalitis virus genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e0008986
Author(s):  
Astri Nur Faizah ◽  
Daisuke Kobayashi ◽  
Michael Amoa-Bosompem ◽  
Yukiko Higa ◽  
Yoshio Tsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Culex Tritaeniorhynchus ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Primary Vector

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is maintained in an enzootic cycle between swine, water birds, and mosquitoes. JEV has circulated indigenously in Asia, with Culex tritaeniorhynchus as the primary vector. In some areas where the primary vector is scarce or absent, sporadic cases of Japanese encephalitis have been reported, with Aedes japonicus japonicus presumed to have the potential as a secondary vector. As one of the world’s most invasive culicid species, Ae. j. japonicus carries a considerable health risk for spreading diseases to wider areas, including Europe and North America. Thus, evaluation of its competency as a JEV vector, particularly in a native population, will be essential in preventing potential disease spread. In this study, the two mosquito species’ vector competence in transmitting three JEV genotypes (I, III, and V) was assessed, with Cx. tritaeniorhynchus serving as a point of reference. The mosquitoes were virus-fed and the infection rate (IR), dissemination rate (DR), and transmission rate (TR) evaluated individually by either RT-qPCR or focus forming assay. Results showed striking differences between the two species, with IR of 95% (261/274) and 9% (16/177) in Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Ae. j. japonicus, respectively. Both mosquitoes were susceptible to all three JEV genotypes with significant differences in IR and mean viral titer. Results confirm the primary vector’s competence, but the fact that JEV was able to establish in Ae. j. japonicus is of public health significance, and with 2%–16% transmission rate it has the potential to successfully transmit JEV to the next host. This may explain the human cases and infrequent detection in primary vector-free areas. Importantly, Ae. j. japonicus could be a relevant vector spreading the disease into new areas, indicating the need for security measures in areas where the mosquito is distributed or where it may be introduced.

scholarly journals Species Composition of Mosquitoes from Boarding School Dormitories in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
A O Omoregie ◽  
M E Omoregie ◽  
A D Adetimehin ◽  
F I Aigbodion
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Edo State

This study investigated the distribution, species composition, and sex ratio of indoor resting mosquitoes alongside their relationship with climatic conditions in school dormitories located in Egor, Oredo and Ikpoba-okha Local Government Areas (LGAs) respectively in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Indoor resting mosquitoes were collected with the aid of a sweep net and mechanical aspirator from randomly selected school dormitories between 08.00hr and 11.00hr from November (2011) to June (2012). The mosquitoes collected were identified using published morphological identification keys. A total of 766 mosquitoes containing four species: Culex quinquefasciatus (n=724; 94.5%), Anopheles gambiaes.l. (n=37; 4.8%), Culexannulioris (n=4; 0.5%) and Anopheles funestus (n=1; 0.1%) in descending order of importance, were collected. Cx.quinquefasciatus was the most predominant mosquito species in school dormitories across the three LGAs. Cx. annulioris and An. gambiaes.l were most abundant in school dormitories located in Oredo and Ikpoba-okha LGAs respectively. An.funestus occurred only in school dormitories located in Oredo LGA. Analysis of the relationship between meteorological data and species abundance varied significantly (P<0.05) only among An. gambiaes.l with rainfall. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in the sex ratio for all species obtained from the various locations except An. gambiae and Cx. annulioris in dormitories located in Oredo LGA Results of this study revealed the high presence of mosquito-borne disease risk within the school dormitories and environ, and therefore, the urgent need for properly planned, executed and regular evaluation of control measures.

scholarly journals Two invasive mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus japonicus, trapped in south-west Germany, July to August 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Werner ◽  
M Kronefeld ◽  
F Schaffner ◽  
H Kampen
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
South West ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Rhine Valley ◽  
First Time ◽  
Upper Rhine

Adult females of two invasive species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus japonicus, were collected for the first time in July and August 2011 in Germany. Previously, only immature stages of these species had been found in the country. Repeated detection of these species reveals the Upper Rhine Valley in south-west Germany to be a particularly sensitive region for the introduction and establishment of exotic mosquito species that needs careful observation.

scholarly journals Can data from native mosquitoes support determining invasive species habitats? Modelling the climatic niche of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae) in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Antje Kerkow ◽  
Ralf Wieland ◽  
Linus Früh ◽  
Franz Hölker ◽  
Jonathan M. Jeschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Invasive Mosquito Species ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
Invasive Mosquito

AbstractInvasive mosquito species and the pathogens they transmit represent a serious health risk to both humans and animals. Thus, predictions on their potential geographic distribution are urgently needed. In the case of a recently invaded region, only a small number of occurrence data is typically available for analysis, and absence data are not reliable. To overcome this problem, we have tested whether it is possible to determine the climatic ecological niche of an invasive mosquito species by using both the occurrence data of other, native species and machine learning. The approach is based on a support vector machine and in this scenario applied to the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) in Germany. Presence data for this species (recorded in the Germany since 2008) as well as for three native mosquito species were used to model the potential distribution of the invasive species. We trained the model with data collected from 2011 to 2014 and compared our predicted occurrence probabilities for 2015 with observations found in the field throughout 2015 to evaluate our approach. The prediction map showed a high degree of concordance with the field data. We applied the model to medium climate conditions at an early stage of the invasion (2011–2015), and developed an explanation for declining population densities in an area in northern Germany. In addition to the already known distribution areas, our model also indicates a possible spread to Saarland, southwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and in 2015 to southern Bavaria, where the species is now being increasingly detected. However, there is also evidence that the possible distribution area under the mean climate conditions was underestimated.

scholarly journals First Record of Aedes japonicus japonicus in Oklahoma, 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bradt ◽  
Lisa Coburn ◽  
Kristy K. Bradley ◽  
Bruce H. Noden
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Invasive Mosquito

ABSTRACT In spring 2017, mosquito larvae were collected from 25 sites across eastern Oklahoma as part of a Zika virus vector surveillance effort. Aedes japonicus japonicus larvae were collected from horse troughs at 2 sites in Ottawa County, OK. Identification was made using 1 larva stored in 70% ethanol and 3 adult females reared from the larvae. Another invasive mosquito species, Culex coronator, was detected at 2 different sites, adding 2 additional counties to the 9 where the species had been previously reported. The presence of these invasive species in Oklahoma may have an impact on future regional arbovirus concerns.

scholarly journals Oviposition of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) and associated native species in relation to season, temperature and land use in western Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Früh ◽  
Helge Kampen ◽  
Marcel B. Koban ◽  
Nadja Pernat ◽  
Günter A. Schaub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Mosquito Ecology ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses

Abstract Background Aedes japonicus japonicus, first detected in Europe in 2000 and considered established in Germany 10 years later, is of medical importance due to its opportunistic biting behaviour and its potential to transmit pathogenic viruses. Its seasonal phenology, temperature and land use preference related to oviposition in newly colonised regions remain unclear, especially in the context of co-occurring native mosquito species. Methods Focussing on regions in Germany known to be infested by Ae. japonicus japonicus, we installed ovitraps in different landscapes and their transition zones and recorded the oviposition activity of mosquitoes in relation to season, temperature and land use (arable land, forest, settlement) in two field seasons (May–August 2017, April–November 2018). Results Ae. japonicus japonicus eggs and larvae were encountered in 2017 from June to August and in 2018 from May to November, with a markedly high abundance from June to September in rural transition zones between forest and settlement, limited to water temperatures below 30 °C. Of the three native mosquito taxa using the ovitraps, the most frequent was Culex pipiens s.l., whose offspring was found in high numbers from June to August at water temperatures of up to 35 °C. The third recorded species, Anopheles plumbeus, rarely occurred in ovitraps positioned in settlements and on arable land, but was often associated with Ae. japonicus japonicus. The least frequent species, Aedes geniculatus, was mostly found in ovitraps located in the forest. Conclusions The transition zone between forest and settlement was demonstrated to be the preferred oviposition habitat of Ae. japonicus japonicus, where it was also the most frequent container-inhabiting mosquito species in this study. Compared to native taxa, Ae. japonicus japonicus showed an extended seasonal activity period, presumably due to tolerance of colder water temperatures. Higher water temperatures and arable land represent distribution barriers to this species. The frequently co-occurring native species An. plumbeus might be useful as an indicator for potentially suitable oviposition habitats of Ae. japonicus japonicus in hitherto uncolonised regions. The results contribute to a better understanding of mosquito ecology and provide a basis for more targeted monitoring, distribution modelling and risk management of mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Diapause characterisation and seasonality of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae) in the northeast of France

Parasite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Eva Krupa ◽  
Nicolas Henon ◽  
Bruno Mathieu
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Aedes Japonicus ◽  
Diapausing Eggs ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Diapause Incidence ◽  
Invasive Traits

The invasive mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) settled in 2013 in the Alsace region, in the northeast of France. In this temperate area, some mosquito species use diapause to survive cold winter temperatures and thereby foster settlement and dispersal. This study reports diapause and its seasonality in a field population of Ae. japonicus in the northeast of France. For two years, eggs were collected from May to the beginning of November. They were most abundant in summer and became sparse in late October. Diapause eggs were determined by the presence of a fully developed embryo in unhatched eggs after repeated immersions. Our study showed effective diapause of Ae. japonicus in this part of France. At the start of the egg-laying period (week 20), we found up to 10% of eggs under diapause, and this rate reached 100% in October. The 50% cut-off of diapause incidence was determined by the end of summer, leading to an average calculated maternal critical photoperiod of 13 h 23 min. Interestingly, diapause was shown to occur in part of the eggs even at the earliest period of the two seasons, i.e. in May of each year. Even though we observed that the size of eggs was positively correlated with diapause incidence, morphology cannot be used as the unique predictive indicator of diapause status due to overlapping measurements between diapausing and non-diapausing eggs. This study provides new knowledge on diapause characterisation and invasive traits of Ae. japonicus.

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