Proposal for Refugee Housing in Southeast Europe Utilizing Regionally Appropriate, Sustainable, and Affordable Construction Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Cicevic ◽  
Sarah Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Housing Unit ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Permanent Housing ◽  
Emergency Housing ◽  
Communal Housing ◽  
Construction Model

This research focuses on the emergency-housing demand caused by the on-going refugee crisis in Southeastern Europe. The research and proposed solutions focus on Northern Serbia, as this region generally lacks permanent housing solutions for accommodating the increasing influx of immigrants. The outcome of this research is an architectural proposal for the refugee housing unit designed particularly for the situational factors of this focus region.    The study identifies earth architecture as the primary building technique, due to its ability to satisfy a range of defined end-product goals.  These goals include: the sustainability of the material, quality and durability of the final product, skill level required for non-professional construction, final cost of material and execution, historical regional precedent, and opportunity for communal engagement of the immigrant population. The proposed architectural design uses earth-bag construction as the sub-method most suitable for this location and in keeping with the goals outlined above. The proposed housing unit is a singular component that could be duplicated to create larger communal housing communities.  A broad overview of possible solutions is included, followed by the development of the earth-bag construction option. The development of this proposal includes material studies, sketches, and an architectural model as representation tools. The outcomes of this research serve as a guideline, rather than a precise construction model, in creating much needed refugee housing communities in North Serbia.      

scholarly journals Part of the Solution

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Thilmany
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Emergency Housing ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
New Buildings

This article presents numerous examples of rapid prototyping applications in the United States and explains its benefits. Constructing housing via rapid prototyping methods is expected to save time and money and bring affordable and environmentally friendly housing to people in need. Using an additive-manufacturing technique for constructing new buildings could provide emergency housing for victims of disasters. The technique could also be used for affordable housing for those in the United States or in third-world countries, or for creating new housing styles that bring curved, organic designs rather than straight surfaces to the homes. In industrialized countries, automating the manufacturing of products such as shoes or cars can cut costs about 25% as compared to manual construction methods. Makers of rapid prototyping technology are using CT scans to create exact-fit implants for craniofacial and maxillofacial operations. The rapid prototyping process is also being matched with humanitarian efforts in another project, this one situated in war-torn Iraq. Analysts suggest that custom medical devices and low-cost housing—affordable for everyone and quick to manufacture accurately—will help grow rapid prototyping into a robust industry.

scholarly journals Towards Zero-Energy Housing in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Hala Abdelmoez Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Zero Energy

As the Egyptian population is increasing at a huge rate, the yearly housing demand is increasing in an equivalent rate. In addition, the whole world is suffering from an energy crises caused by the rapidly increasing consumption of world’s traditional energy resources, so the obvious solution is to go green, and depend much more on renewable energy resources. According to the statistical data available in Egyptian governmental authorities, the accumulated housing demand till 2014 was about 2,400,000 units. On the other hand, the yearly housing supply from private and public sectors is about 150,000 to 200,000 unit, Egyptian authorities declared that at summer 2010 air-conditioning devices increased to reach 3.000.000 ( three million) devices all over Egypt, mostly working from early mornings till 2 am next day to adjust temperatures that reach up to (45C) and more outside buildings to reach (25 C) or less inside. This behavior increased electricity consumption rapidly. Consequently, the electricity consumption rate in Egypt had increased by 13% more than 2009, which exceeds the maximum capacity power of the high dam by 7% to 8%, ministry of electricity announcements declared that to fill that gab we need 3000 megawatts at peak hours which costs the electricity sector up to 16.000.000.000 l.E. Accordingly, a new architectural design concept is proposed (Zero-Energy Housing Unit) to rely on the surrounding environmental conditions and new Green Architecture Techniques in order to provide human comfort based on renewable energy sources, provided that the common current governmental energy sources will be a backup system for the meanwhile.

scholarly journals Complementary Building Concept: Wooden Apartment Building: The Noppa toward Zero Energy Building Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Karjalainen ◽  
Hüseyin Emre Ilgın ◽  
Marie Yli-Äyhö ◽  
Anu Soikkeli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Research Findings

Increasing the construction of wooden apartment buildings has its place as part of preventing climate change. This chapter aims to explore the possibilities of expanding the construction of wooden apartment buildings on plots owned by the City of Helsinki in the Mellunkylä area by developing a series-produced wooden apartment building concept suitable for complementary construction—The Noppa concept. The sustainability of this approach is considered from the perspective of materials, construction methods, adaptability of the designed spaces, and housing design flexibility. In this study, the Noppa wooden apartment building concept with cross-laminated timber (CLT) elements has been developed varying in its facilities and architectural design features through architectural modeling programs to be used for complementary construction. The research findings are based on a theoretical approach that has not yet been practically tested but is proposed considering existing construction practices that need further investigation. It is believed that this chapter will contribute to the spread of wooden apartments to achieve a low-carbon economy as one of the key tools in tackling climate change problems. Particularly, proposed architectural design solutions will contribute to decarbonization of buildings as well as zero energy building (nZEB) approach.

scholarly journals Hotel Construction Management considering Sustainability Architecture and Environmental Issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Samireh Kadaei ◽  
Seyedeh Mahsa Shayesteh Sadeghian ◽  
Marziyeh Majidi ◽  
Qumars Asaee ◽  
Hassan Hosseini Mehr
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Integrated Environment ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Development And Environment

Sustainable development and environment in the activities of the construction industry has attracted the attention of experts in most countries of the world. One of the obvious and problematic features of the construction industry of countries is the use of modern building materials using traditional construction methods. Changing the paradigm for sustainable buildings requires a change in the architectural design process. Today, smart buildings are buildings that are at a lower level in terms of energy consumption and operate in a dynamic and integrated environment, creating a perfect harmony between management, system, services, and structure. These qualities make plastics ideal products for construction and an essential component for a sustainable built environment. In the design of smart and sustainable buildings, the use of environmentally friendly materials increases the lifespan of the building and an effective step is taken towards the design of sustainable architecture. In this paper, we evaluate hotel construction based on sustainability issues with MCDM. The results show that alternative A4 is the best alternative in sustainable issues. With the increasing population and its concentration in large cities, the concern of energy supply and energy efficiency in buildings is one of the main concerns of urban planners, officials, and city residents. Construction projects mainly consume large amounts of materials and leave a huge amount of waste, and this problem sometimes includes existing buildings that cannot be demolished and need to be rebuilt and maintained.

Designing Multigenerational Dwelling: A Workshop with Four Flemish Architecture Firms

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan Gerards ◽  
Roel De Ridder ◽  
Sylvain De Bleeckere
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Social Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communal Housing ◽  
Sharing Space ◽  
Architecture Firms

Due to social shifts, demographic changes and spatial challenges, housing is at the top of the social agenda in Flanders. Recently, communal housing concepts are put forward to strive against these general developments. This paper presents research on multigenerational dwelling, as one possible renewed communal housing concept for Flanders. The authors develop a working definition for multigenerational dwelling, which lays the foundation for the main part of the paper: the translation of a theoretical framework into an architectural design. Methodologically the authors use design to experiment with this new housing concept in a specific, but realistic setting. More specifically, they organize a workshop with four Flemish architecture firms to investigate different modes of sharing space within a multigenerational dwelling. Furthermore they formulate key considerations for further research and the implementation of this renewed way of dwelling in Flanders.

Research on the Application of Light Steel Structure of ASA (The Coal Ash Spume Concrete) Series Plate in Architectural Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1687-1690
Author(s):  
Tian Qi Yu ◽  
Yi Jin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Modular Production ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

Researching and Analyzing types and features of ASA plates , the advantages of modular production methods, prefabricated construction methods and energy saving of ASA plates with light steel energy efficient building systems can be initially drawn ASA series plates could be applied well in the civil design, public buildings and industrial buildings.

Construction-Scale 3D Printing: Shape Stability of Fresh Printing Concrete

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemian ◽  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Ryan Meier ◽  
Evan Cochran ◽  
Behrokh Khoshnevis
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Shape Stability ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Heat Application ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Design Freedom

Building 3D objects in sequential layers is a technique employed by rapid manufacturing processes and allows great design freedom in manufacturing. Scaling up such automated additive fabrication from building small industrial parts to constructing buildings has been challenging for researchers during the recent years. Compared to the traditional construction methods, numerous advantages are offered by a well-developed layer based automated construction process, including architectural design freedom, lower construction cost, superior construction speed, and higher degree of customization. Concrete has been recognized as most viable option as the material to be used with such a process. However, there are several main challenges that yet have to be solved. Obtaining a mixture with high shape stability in the fresh state is among these challenges. Ideally, non-stop printing of successive layers is desired in building a structure, so the total construction time is minimized. In this paper, an experimental investigation of the shape stability of freshly printed concrete layers using a small-scale linear concrete printing setup with remote control capability is outlined. First, longer stoppage time between successive layers is examined to determine the effects on the deformations of fresh printing concrete. Then, heat application is proposed and studied as a measure to improve the shape stability of freshly printed concrete without adding any delay to the construction process. Furthermore, a one-story building is considered and the influence of each scenario on the total construction time is discussed.

scholarly journals FAKTOR PERSONAL DAN SITUASIONAL PENERIMAAN PESAN DAKWAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Enung Asmaya
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Environmental Systems ◽  
Biological Aspects

The da’wa messages are not necessarily able to subdue mad’u. Subjugation and readiness of mad’u is influenced by personal and situational factors which are always intertwined in giving rulings behavior. Personal factors is surrounding the biological and sociopsychological aspects. Biological aspects such as needs and aspects sociopsychological human basic form of the condition and cognitive, affective and psychomotor of mad’u. The situational factors may include environmental systems, culture, norms, architectural design and the like. Social situation is also part of the reason for mad’u to accept or reject the message of da’wa. Pesan dakwah tidak serta-merta dapat menundukkan mad’u. Penundukan dan kesiapan mad’u dipengaruhi faktor personal dan situasional yang senantiasa berkelindan dalam memberikan putusan-putusan perilaku. Faktorfaktor personal melingkupi aspek biologis dan sosiopsikologis. Aspek biologis berupa kebutuhan-kebutuhan dasar manusia dan aspek sosiopsikologis berupa kondisi dan kemampuan kognitif, afeksi dan konasi mad’u. Adapun faktor situasional dapat berupa sistem lingkungan, budaya, norma, design arsitektur dan sejenisnya. Kondisi sosial juga menjadi alasan mad’u dalam menerima atau menolak pesan dakwah.

Learn from Tradition: Utilizing Traditional Building Materials in the Post-Earthquake Reconstruction

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 683-686
Author(s):  
Chao Ping Hou ◽  
Hao Rui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Earthquake Survivors ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Earthquake Reconstruction

The post-earthquake reconstruction aims to assist the earthquake survivors return to their normal lives physically and mentally. This paper examined three post-disaster reconstruction cases occurred in the west of China and deciphered that facing the short-term and massive projects in the reconstruction process, the decision makers and designers utilized the non-local materials and modern technologies produced plenty of modern structures which were not completely fit the local social and physical environments. After conducting fieldtrips and interviews in these quake-hit areas, this paper suggested the decision makers and designers to learn from the local traditional architectural design and construction methods in order to improve their design to be suitable for the local unique cultural and physical backgrounds. To be continued, this paper proposed some improvements regarding using the modern technologies to strengthen the advantages of traditional building materials and technologies as well as avoid the traditional architectural practices weaknesses.

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