scholarly journals Investigation of the spore production of Paecilomyces spp. isolated from several agricultural soils with the biocontrol activily against Spodoptera litura

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (T5) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Linh Quoc Nguyen ◽  
Nhut Nhu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Native Strains

Paecilomyces is a fungus that parasites on various insect species. However, Paecilomyces has not been widely studied and applied in Vietnam. In this study, Paecilomyces spp. were isolated from several agricultural soils and identified based on the morphology and 28S rDNA gene sequencing. Biocontrol activities of Paecilomyces were measured in vitro against Spodoptera litura. The Paecilomyces strains with high biocontrol were studied for the spore acquisition on semi-solid culture. There were five isolated strains belonged to Paecilomyces (strain F01 belonged to P. javanicus, strain F02 belonged to Paecilomyces sp., strain F03 belonged to P. lilacinum and strains F04 and F05 belonged to P. lilacinus) from 33 different samples. In particular, both of F03 and F04 performed high biocontrol activity against S. litura after 10 days of inoculation. Optimization of spores production medium showed that F03 and F04 grew well on a defined semi-solid medium whose the main components were unpolished rice, wheat bran and husk of 55% humidity. The results indicated that the native strains of Paecilomyces were potential for applications to produce bioproducts for pest management strategies.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Semi-Automated Bioreactors for In Vitro Propagation of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Eucario Mancilla-Álvarez ◽  
Juan Antonio Pérez-Sato ◽  
Rosalía Núñez-Pastrana ◽  
José L. Spinoso-Castillo ◽  
Jericó J. Bello-Bello
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Solid Culture Medium ◽  
Semi Solid

Taro is important for its nutritional content, medicinal use, and bioethanol production. The aim of the present study was to compare different semi-automated bioreactors (SABs) during in vitro multiplication of C. esculenta. The SABs used were temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs), SETIS™ bioreactors and ebb-and-flow bioreactors; semi-solid culture medium was used as a control treatment. At 30 d of culture, different developmental variables, determination of chlorophyll, stomatal content, and survival percentage during acclimatization were evaluated. SABs increased the shoot multiplication rate relative to the semi-solid medium; however, the SETIS™ bioreactor showed the highest shoot production, with 36 shoots per explant, and the highest chlorophyll content. The stomatal index was higher in the semi-solid medium compared to the SABs, while the percentage of closed stomata was higher in the SABs than in the semi-solid culture medium. The survival rate during acclimatization showed no differences among the culture systems assessed, obtaining survival rates higher than 99%. In conclusion, the SETIS™ bioreactor showed the highest multiplication rate; however, other bioreactor alternatives are available for semi-automation and cost reduction for micropropagation of C. esculenta.

scholarly journals In vitro callogenesis induction of Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins (Orchidaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriela Coutiño-Cortés ◽  
Vincenzo Bertolini ◽  
Leobardo Iracheta Donjuan ◽  
Lorena Ruíz-Montoya ◽  
Javier Francisco Valle-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Semi Solid

Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins., is a native orchid from Mexico, considered as threatened species by NOM-ECOL-059-SEMARNAT-2010, mainly due to the disappearance of its natural habitat and the illegal collection during its flowering season. The aim of this research was to induce in vitro callogenesis from different type of explants, using phytoregulators, in order to look for a massive production technique to contribute to its conservation. We evaluated the leaf and pseudobulb marrow explants growing in semi-solid medium MS adding BAP, 2, 4-D, Kin, the interaction of BAP/2, 4-D/Kin/Sad and a control without any type of plant growth regulators. Statistical analysis showed the pseudobulb marrow explants are more suitable for in vitro introduction in comparison to leaf explants, since they perform a lower percentage of contamination (18.8% in marrow and 73.2% in leaves). Likewise, the pseudobulb marrow explants increased callus formation (10.8%) in comparison to leaf explants (7.6%). Regarding the phytoregulators employed, BAP have allowed to increased callus formation (17%) compared to other phytoregulators (7-10%). This is the first report, which proposes the use of pseudobulb marrow as explant for callus induction in G. skinneri.

scholarly journals Interaction between sucrose and pH during in vitro culture of Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott (Pteridophyta)

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Tereza Ambrósio ◽  
Natoniel Franklin de Melo
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Dry Matter Weight ◽  
Young Sporophytes

The present work reports the effect of different pH and sucrose concentrations on in vitro propagation of Nephrolepis biserrata. Fronds aseptically obtained from stolon segment culture were cultivated in MS semi-solid medium supplemented with 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60g.L-1 sucrose and pH adjusted to 3, 5, 7 and 9, in a factorial design. Frond number and length, pinnae number, raquis length and diameter, fresh and dry matter weight were measured. Inhibition of shoot and leaf regeneration was observed in all the pH treatments in the absence of sucrose. On the other hand, when sucrose was added to the medium, the shoot number increased, reaching the maximum average values of 51.25 and 38.25 shoot per explant at pH 5 and 7, respectively. Sucrose concentrations from 15 to 45g.L-1 increased leaf length and diameter and the pH 9 did not affect the dry matter weight, and was still not adequate for development of new fronds. Young sporophytes were successfully acclimated.

scholarly journals Commitment to differentiation and expression of early differentiation markers in murine keratinocytes in vitro are regulated independently of extracellular calcium concentrations.

1993 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 909-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Drozdoff ◽  
W J Pledger
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Keratinocyte Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Mouse Keratinocytes

In the epidermis, one of the earliest characterized events in keratinocyte differentiation is the coordinate induction of a pair of keratins specifically expressed in suprabasal cells, keratin 1 (K1) and keratin 10 (K10). Both in vivo and in vitro, extracellular calcium is necessary for several biochemical and structural changes during keratinocyte differentiation. However, it has been unclear if calcium serves as a differentiation signal in keratinocytes. In these studies, expression of suprabasal keratin mRNA and protein is used to test whether the initial differentiation of primary mouse keratinocytes in vitro is dependent on changes in the concentration of extracellular calcium. K1 mRNA was expressed at low levels in cultures of keratinocytes growing on plastic in 0.05 mM calcium but in attached cells was not further induced by increases in the concentration of extracellular calcium. Suspension of the keratinocytes into semi-solid medium induced a rapid and substantial increase in both expression of K1 mRNA and in the percentage of cells expressing suprabasal keratin proteins. The induction was unaffected by the concentration of calcium in the semi-solid medium and could not be enhanced by exposing attached cells to higher calcium before suspension. The induction of K1 mRNA could be inhibited by exposure of the keratinocytes to either EGF or fibronectin. These results suggest that commitment of mouse keratinocytes to terminal differentiation is independent of extracellular calcium and may be regulated primarily by extracellular factors other than calcium.

scholarly journals Control of contaminants in the in vitro establishment of Guadua latifolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Ricardo Avelino Leão ◽  
Andréa Raposo ◽  
Ana Claudia Lopes da Silva ◽  
Paulo de Tarso Barbosa Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Important Region ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Semi Solid

ABSTRACT The Amazonian bamboo forests are located in an important region of high biodiversity in Brazil, Peru and Bolivia, forming the largest native bamboo forest reserve in the world. However, the bamboos from these forests have characteristics that hinder their propagation. This study aimed to evaluate the biocide action of a plant preservative mixture for controling contaminants, during the in vitro establishment of Guadua latifolia (Bonpl.) Kunth, a species native to the region. Nodal segments were cultured in a semi-solid medium containing Plant Preservative Mixture (PPMTM), at the concentrations of 0; 1; 2; and 3 mL L-1, and supplemented with 2 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine. The analyzed variables were number of shoots, percentage of bacterial and fungal contamination, and shoot survival. The treatments with the synthetic biocide were efficient in controlling the in vitro contamination caused by bacteria and fungi (Fusarium sp.), also presenting the highest survival rate of regenerated shoots. For the in vitro establishment of this native bamboo species, the use of 2 mL L-1 of PPMTM is recommended.

scholarly journals Perbanyakan In Vitro Dendrobium Indonesia Raya ‘Ina’ melalui Embriogenesis Somatik Berbasis Sistem Bioreaktor

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Fitri Rachmawati ◽  
Ni Made Armini Wiendi ◽  
Nurhajati Ansori Mattjik ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Dan Budi Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Semi Solid

<pre><em></em><em>ABSTRACT<br /><br />An effective and efficient in vitro propagation system has important roles in preparing and producing high quality-seedlings of Dendrobium for commercial scale. The objective of this research was to establish an effective and efficient embryogenic callus (EC) proliferation method using bioreactor system and regeneration EC into plantlet for producing high quality seedlings of Dendrobium Indonesia Raya ‘Ina’. Differences in callus densities (5, 10, 15, and 20 g callus in 250 mL medium), aeration levels (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 O2 volume  per  medium volume per minute; vvm), and regeneration media half-strength MS and 2 g L-1 NPK (32:10:10) combinated by 0.00, 0.05 mg L-1 BA, 150  mL L-1 coconut water and their combinations were tested in this experiment. The experiments were arranged using randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replications for EC proliferation and randomized completely desaign (RBD) for EC regeneration. The results showed that combination of  aeration at 2.5 vvm and 10 g of EC was the most suitable aeration level and callus density for proliferation of EC in the 500 ml airlift bioreactor with 6.85 multiplication rate, 92.5% EC formation, and malformed callus morphology as low as 6.1%. The highest somatic embryos (SEs) formation was 87.7% with 44.5 SEs per clump and 92.1% SEs germination with 41.0 germinated-SEs per clump, 85.1% normal germinated-SEs, and whereas the best performance of plantlet was obtained from 1/2 MS + 0.05 mg L-1 BA semi solid medium. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized using Cycas rumphii medium with high survival rate (91.6%). <br /><br />Keywords: aerations, callus densities, germination, media, somatic embryos<br /><br /></em></pre>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Quantity and Hyperhydricity of Cocoa Somatic Embryo Obtained from Solid Culture, Liquid Culture, and Sequence Subculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistyani Pancaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Materials Used

Research  aimed  to  study  the  effect  of  solid  culture,  liquid  culture,  and sequence  subculture  on  quantity  and  hyperhydricity  of  somatic  embryo  wascarried  out  at  Laboratory  of  Biotechnology,  Indonesian  Coffee  and  Cocoa Research  Institute.  Materials  used  in  this  study  were  embryogenic  callitransferred  on  somatic  embryos  expression  both  in  solid  and  liquid  media with  the  same  media  composition,  namely  MS  medium  with  the  addition  ofAdenine  (0.025  mg/L).  Gelling  agent  used  in  solid  media  was  gelrite  (3  g/L). Clones used in this study was Sca 6. This research consisted of two trials, namely1)  effect  of  medium  type  (solid  and  liquid),  and  2)  sequence  subculture  (four subcultures).  This  results  showed  that  the  production  of  somatic  embryosin  liquid  medium  was  higher  than  in  the  solid  medium.  Regeneration  of somatic  embryos  on  solid  medium  culture  showed  the  highest  percentage  of abnormality  embryos  due  to  hyperhydricity  at  the  cotyledonary  phase  60%. Meanwhile,  the  regeneration  of  somatic  embryos  in  liquid  culture  showed the  highest  percentage  of  abnormality  embryos  due  to   hyperhydricity  at the  globular  and  cotyledonary  phase  37%.  Frequent  subculture  increased abnormal embryos  and  decreased  the  number of  somatic  embryos.Key words: Cacao, hyperhydricity,  somatic embryos,  solid  culture,  liquid  culture,  subculture,  in  vitro.

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