scholarly journals COMPARISON OF RETINAL NERVE FIBER LAYER THICKNESS BETWEEN EMMETROPES AND HIGH MYOPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Yadav
Keyword(s):  
High Myopia ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
The Mean

Background: The present study aims to compare RNFL thickness of high myopes of > - 6D and compare with emmetropic patients, so as to interpret and distinguish the physiological changes of high myopia from accompanying diseases in such individuals. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmic examination, refraction and visual field analysis. Optical coherence tomography was used for RFNL thickness measurement. The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness between groups was compared using both analysis of variance and analysis of covariance. Results: The mean value of average RNFL thickness in both groups was found to be 85.40 in group 1 and 99.34 in group 2. P value was 0.0001, showing that there was significant statistical difference between both the groups and average RNFL thickness was thinner in myopic group. Conclusion: RNFL was found to be significantly thin in high myopia. Keywords: RNFL thickness, Myopia, Emmetropes

scholarly journals Skinfold Thickness Measurement in Term Nigerian Neonates: Establishing Reference Values

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Olanike Abosede Olutekunbi ◽  
Adaobi Uzoamaka Solarin ◽  
Idowu Odunayo Senbanjo ◽  
Elizabeth Aruma Disu ◽  
Olisamedua Fidelis Njokanma
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thickness Measurements

Skin fold thickness (SFT) measurement is a reliable, cheap, simple, noninvasive method of body fat estimation at all ages including the neonatal period.Objective. To determine reference values of biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thickness measurements in term Nigerian newborns.Method. A prospective cross-sectional study over a six-month period (Dec 2010–May 2011) was carried out on term and healthy neonates delivered between 37 and 41 weeks. The anthropometric measurements were taken within the first 48 hours of life including the skinfold thickness. The skinfold thickness measurements were taken at four sites, namely, triceps, biceps, subscapular, and suprailiac, using Harpenden skinfold calipers. The mean of two readings was recorded.Result. A total of one thousand one hundred and sixty-eight neonates were studied. The birth weight ranged between 2000 g and 5000 g with a mean birth weight of the neonates at3259±470 g. The mean birth weight of the males (3339±0.45) was significantly higher than that of females (3200±0.44) (p<0.0001). Female neonates had higher mean values of triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thickness (p<0.001, resp.) while male neonates had higher mean value of biceps skinfold thickness (p=0.008). Females also had higher mean values of the sum of skinfold thicknesses at all four sites and the sum at the two truncal sites at every stratified gestational age.Conclusions. The sex specific percentile chart developed for skinfold thickness measurements can be used to detect deviation from the reference population such that infants who are at risk of nutritional or health problems are identified early, and intervention is instituted promptly.

scholarly journals The Relation of Allergic Rhinitis Classification with IL-5 on The Aller-gic Rhinitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Ismayani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

IL-5 is an important role cytokine on the RA. IL-5 has an important role on eosinophils. ARIA-WHO made classification of RA based on how long the clinical symptoms and the impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to know the classification of RA with IL-5 on RA study. This study used a cross-sectional method with 39 samples. The examination of IL-5 used ELISA. The highest classification of RA was medium-severe persistent of 43.58% with the mean value IL-5 was 56.25 pg/ml. Based on the test of Kruskal Wallis, it was obtained p-value = 0.664. Conclusion: There was no significant relation between classification RA and IL-5.  

Hypomagnesemia in hemodialysis patients taking proton pump inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Abdul Malik ◽  
Syed Mohkumuddin ◽  
Humaira Rahim ◽  
Shamima Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are in routine widely prescribed to hemodialysis patients. Recent studies have reported the association of PPIs use with hypomagnesemia in patients with long term hemodialysis. This study aims to determine the frequency of hypomagnesemia in patients of hemodialysis taking proton pump inhibitors. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology of Sandman Provincial Hospital Quetta from 01-6-2019 till 01-9-2019. A total of 120 patients (52 PPI users and 68 non-PPI users) who were on HD for more than 06 months were included. Data regarding age, gender, duration of hemodialysis and taking PPIs were collected. Determination of serum magnesium was made by taking 3 different samples at 2 weeks’ interval and the mean value of serum magnesium was calculated. Serum Mg2+ levels <2.0 mg/dL was taken as hypomagnesemia. A Chi-square test was applied to determine the association of PPI use with hypomagnesemia. Results: Demographic variables such as age and gender were not significantly different between the groups. There was female dominance in both groups (73% in PPI groups and 66.1% in the non-PPI group (p-value 0.65). The mean duration of dialysis was 45.3±13.8 months in PPI users versus 48.9±12.9 months in non-PPI users (p-value 0.14). There was a significantly higher frequency of hypomagnesemia in PPI users; 36 (69.3%) versus 27 (39.7%) in non-PPI users (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: The use of PPI is associated with a significant reduction in serum magnesium levels. So serum magnesium levels should be advised as routine monitoring in patients of hemodialysis taking PPIs.

scholarly journals Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cause choroiditis and optic neuropathy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110590
Author(s):  
Kürşad Ramazan Zor ◽  
Gamze Yıldırım Biçer ◽  
Nesrin Tutaş Günaydın ◽  
Erkut Küçük ◽  
Uğur Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Objectives: We aim to investigate the involvement of the choroid and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in COVID-19 patients using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2020. 40 patients (23 female and 17 male) with COVID-19 and 42 healthy individuals (26 female and 16 male) were included in the study. The OCT scans were performed 4 weeks after the COVID-19 diagnosis. Results: In the COVID-19 group, in the right eyes, the mean nasal choroidal thickness was 295.70 ± 7,046 μm ( p = 0.017), mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 333.25 ± 6,353 μm ( p = 0.003), mean temporal choroidal thickness was 296.63 ± 6,324 μm ( p = 0.039), and mean RNFL was 89.23 ± 1.30 μm ( p = 0.227). In the left eyes, mean nasal choroidal thickness was 287.88 ± 9,033 μm ( p = 0.267), mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 333.80 ± 9,457 μm ( p = 0.013), mean temporal choroidal thickness was 298.50 ± 9,158 μm ( p = 0.079), and mean RNFL was 89.48 ± 1,289 μm ( p = 0.092). Compared with the control group, the patient group had significant thickening of the choroidal thickness in all quadrants of the right eyes, and significant thickening of the subfoveal choroidal thickness in the left eyes. There was no significant difference in the RNFL thickness between groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 may cause a subclinical involvement in the choroidal layer.

scholarly journals Estimation of Variations in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in COVID-19 Recovered Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Manoj Aravindan ◽  
Palati Sinduja ◽  
R. Priyadharshini ◽  
V. Meghashree
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: A cluster of patients with pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome developed in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and infection with a novel coronavirus virus called COVID -19 was later verified. Although fever and cough were the most common early signs and symptoms of COVID -19, extrapulmonary symptoms have also been reported. Many studies demonstrate that called COVID -19 swiftly progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome and even multiple organ dysfunction. Aim:The study aims to evaluate the erythrocyte sedimentation rate count in COVID -19 recovered individuals and compare it with healthy controls. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study in 5 healthy COVID -19 uninfected and 5   COVID -19 recovered individuals was conducted, the blood samples were collected and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was calculated for each set of controls and samples. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. An independent t-test was done to compare the results. Results: The mean value of the control participants was found to be 8.08 ± 4.38 and the mean value of COVID -19 recovered patients was 20.60 ± 1.81. The difference in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) values between control individuals and COVID -19 recovered patients was statistically significant with p value of less than 0.005. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, we conclude that the COVID -19 recovered patients has higher ESR values compared to the healthy uninfected individuals.

scholarly journals Correlation of Optical Coherence Tomographic Findings with Clinical Features in High Myopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-025
Author(s):  
Evangeline Rao ◽  
Maithili Mishra ◽  
Sheela Kerkar ◽  
Arjun Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis is a cross-sectional observational study to correlate relationship between macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in relation to clinical features in high myopia. A total of 100 eyes of 50 consecutive patients underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula and RNFL. It was observed that correlation of RNFL thickness to the axial length is better than that of RNFL thickness to the spherical equivalent. The macular thickness in the parafoveal region was observed to be thicker than the perifoveal region in all quadrants. This study therefore emphasizes the need to have macular thickness nomogram for high myopes to avoid misinterpretation of OCT results due to axial length and refractive error and, also, the need for a routine baseline OCT scan for all high myopia patients.

scholarly journals Retinal Fibre Layer Thickness Measurement in Normal Paediatric Population in Sweden Using Optical Coherence Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ayala ◽  
Evangelia Ntoula
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Fibre Layer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Refraction Error

Purpose. To evaluate the correlation between peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and both age and refraction error in healthy children using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients and Methods. 80 healthy children with a mean age of 9.1 years (range 3.8 to 16.7 years) undergoing routine ocular examination at the orthoptic section of the Ophthalmology Department were recruited for this cross-sectional study. After applying cycloplegia, the peripapillary RNFL thickness was measured in both eyes using the Topcon 3D OCT 2000 device. Results. 138 eyes were included in the analysis. The average refractive error (SE) was +1.7 D (range −5.25 to +7.25 D). The mean total RNFL thickness was 105 μm ± 10.3, the mean superior RNFL thickness was 112.7 μm ± 16.5, and the mean inferior RNFL thickness was 132.6 μm ± 18.3. We found no statistically significant effect of age on RNFL thickness (ANOVA, f=0.33, p=0.56). Refraction was proven to have a statistically significant effect (ANOVA, f=67.1, p<0.05) in RNFL measurements. Conclusions. Data obtained from this study may assist in establishing a normative database for a paediatric population. Refraction error should be taken into consideration due to its statistically significant correlation with RNFL thickness.

scholarly journals Renal Function Status in the Newborn with Perinatal Asphyxia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Tarun Kumar Roy ◽  
Mahmood A Chowdhury Arzu ◽  
Wazir Ahmed ◽  
Didarul Alam ◽  
Sanjana Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
P Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Renal involvement is frequent in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. It is correlated with the severity of neurological damage and degree of involvement depends upon the severity of asphyxia. To assess the status of renal function in new born suffering from prenatal asphyxia and to precise the relationship between severity cerebral damage and renal failure. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Neonatology, Chattogram Maa O Shishu Medical College Hospital, Agrabad, Chattogram on 180 full-term neonates (150 cases and 30 control). The cases were categorized according to HIE Sarnat stages. Results: Among cases, 83(53.4%) were with HIE I, 53 (35.3%) were HIE II and 14(9.3%) were HIE III. The mean value of S. Creatinine was high in cases 1.64 ± 0.33 mg/dl vs 0.41 ± 0.09 mg/dl (p value <0.001) and it is highest in HIE stage III 1.85 ± 0.20 mg/dl (p value is <0.001). Mean Serum Potassium was high in cases 5.88 ± 0.59 mmol/L vs 3.99 ± 0.36 (p value <0.001) and the values are abnormally high in HIE stage III 6.25 ± 0.33 (p value <0.001). The mean value of FeNa was high in cases 2.44 ± 0.55 compared with control 1.06 ± 0.38 (p value <0.001) and it is higher in HIE stage III 2.72 ± 0.22 (p value is <0.001). Conclusion: Severity of renal impairment correlates well with the degree of HIE. HIE stage wise assessment of renal function status using serum creatinine level, S. potassium, FeNa, can be used to assess the outcome of perinatal asphyxia. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 48-51

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness between Normal Eyes & Glaucoma

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basimah S Al-Otaibi
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Background: Screening of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is valuable in the early stages of glaucoma, because RNFL changes may precede functional loss. Aim to study: The purpose of this study was to assess the RNFL thickness in normal and glaucomatous eyes. Difference in the RNFL thickness was also determined between the groups.Methods: Sixty healthy subjects and 30 subjects with glaucoma participated in this cross-sectional study. Healthy volunteers free of glaucoma were divided into 2 groups, younger (age ≤ 35 years) and older (age > 35 years) participants. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation, including visual acuity, refraction, slit-lamp, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and RNFL thickness measurement by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Unpaired t-test was performed to compare RNFL thickness between the eyes of younger and older participants. One way analysis (ANOVA) test was employed to compare RNFL thickness among the 3 groups (normal young, normal old & glaucomatous eyes).Results: Mean values of RNFL thickness in the younger, older and glaucoma populations were 109.3±15 µm (95% CI 103.7-114.06 µm), 106.8 ± 14 µm (95% CI 101.49-112.02) and 92.8± 29 µm (95% CI 82.11-103.47), respectively. There was a significant difference among the 3 groups (p=0.0045). The RNFL was thinner in older participants than younger participants (p=0.0067). Conclusions: Screening of the RNFL is valuable in the early stages of glaucoma.

Brief Overview and Experience of Visual Evoked Potential of First 67 cases at Referral Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Bithi Debnath ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background: The visual evoked potentials (VEP) is a valuable tool to document occult lesions of the central visual channels especially within the optic nerve. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to observe the findings of first few cases of VEP done in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurophysiology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2017 to March 2020. All patients referred to the Neurophysiology Department of NINS for VEP were included. Pattern reversal VEPs were done using standard protocol set by International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN). Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.70 (±12.11) years (6-68 years) with 31 (46.3%) male and 36 (53.7%) female patients. The mean duration of illness was 8.71 (±1.78) months (3 days- 120 months). Most common presenting symptom was blurring of vision (37.3%) and dimness of vision (32.8%). Patterned VEP revealed mixed type (both demyelinating and axonal) of abnormality in most cases [29(43.35)]. The most common clinical diagnosis was multiple sclerosis (29.85%) and optic neuropathy (26.87%). In the clinically suspected cases of multiple sclerosis, optic neuropathy and optic neuritis most of the cases of VEP were abnormal and the p value is 0.04 in optic neuropathy and optic neuritis. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of the patients in this series were blurring of vision and dimness of vision. The most common clinical diagnosis for which VEP was asked for, was optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Most abnormalities were of mixed pattern (demyelinating and axonal). Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 74-77

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