scholarly journals Effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides on apoptosis and alteration of caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression in anterior horn neurons of the spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in male rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 222-235
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Background and Aim: Caspase family genes promote degeneration and are involved in apoptotic processes. The Ziziphora clinopodioides from the mint family (Lamiaceae) is one of the plants strong with anti-inflammatory effects and involved in the process of nervous system repair. The present study aimed to determine the effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides on apoptosis and alteration of caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression after sciatic nerve compression in male rats. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 24 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6 in each group): control, compression, treatment with aqueous, and treatment with alcoholic extracts at a dose of 75 mg/kg. The extract was injected intraperitoneally on compression day and seven days later. After 28 days, samples were taken from the lumbar spinal cord subsequent to performing the perfusion method, and the samples were studied in two ways. Thereafter, in each group, total RNA was extracted from the lumbar spinal cord, cDNA was synthesized; subsequently, the expression changes in caspases-3 and caspases-9 were compared. Results: Based on the results, the number of neurons significantly decreased in the compression group, as compared to that in the control group, and demonstrated a significant increase in the aqueous extract group, in comparison with the compression group. Furthermore, the amount of caspases-3 and caspases-9 expression increased significantly in the compression group, compared to that in the control group. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression increased in the aqueous extract group, as compared to that in the compression group (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that the, the extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides has neuroprotective effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, such as pulegone.

scholarly journals Expression of changes in NT3 gene after rat's sciatica nerve compression in the presence of hydroalcoholic extract of mountain tea (Stachyslavandulifolia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Maryam Tehranipour ◽  
Khadijeh Nezhad Shahrokhabadi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Introduction: Neurotrophic factors change in response to nerve damage. Stachyslavandulifolia belongs to the Laminaceae family and since tea has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of mountain tea and its effect on NT3 gene expression after compression. Methods: In this experimental study, at first the hydro-alcoholic extract of stachys was prepared by the Soxhlet method. In this study, 36 Wistar male rats , 250-300 gr, were randomly divided into 9 groups, 4 rats in each group, and included control, compression (1, 7, 14 and 21 days) and experimental (1, 7, 14 and 28 days) groups. Experimental groups were treated by 75 mg / kg of hydro-alcoholic extract of stachys and to induce the stress in the control group, saline serum was injected. In compression and experimental groups , the sciatic nerve of right leg was compressed for 60 seconds. The first injection of extract in experimental group was performed intraperitoneally and immediately after the compression and the second one was injected 7 days later. Then the sampling was performed of lumbar spinal cord on 1, 7, 14 and 28 days in compression and experimental groups and the total RNA was extracted from the spinal cord segments, cDNA was synthesized and after that the alteration of gene expression of NT3 samples was studied in both samples, without treatment and treated with hydro-alcoholic extract.Data were analyzed using MxPro software and Anova test with a significant level of p <0.05 and Excel software was used for drawing graphs. Results: The results showed that NT3 gene expression was significantly increased in the compression and treatment groups (p <0.001). Although, the NT3 gene expression was decreased in the treatment group compared to the compression group. Conclusion: It seems that hydroalcoholic extract of Stachyslavandulifolia shoots did not affect NT3 gene expression.

Effect of 17β-estradiol on gene expression in lumbar spinal cord following sciatic nerve crush injury in ovariectomized mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 966 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustem R. Islamov ◽  
Wesley A. Hendricks ◽  
Laxmansa C. Katwa ◽  
Roger J. McMurray ◽  
Elena S. Pak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Nerve Crush Injury

mRNA and protein expression and activities of nitric oxide synthases in the lumbar spinal cord of neonatal rats after sciatic nerve transection and melatonin administration

2006 ◽  
Vol 407 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Rogério ◽  
Simone Aparecida Teixeira ◽  
Hamilton Jordão Júnior ◽  
Carla Cristina Judice Maria ◽  
André Schwambach Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Transection ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Differential Spinal Cord Gene Expression in Rodent Models of Radicular and Neuropathic Pain

2006 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1283-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. LaCroix-Fralish ◽  
Vivianne L. Tawfik ◽  
Flobert Y. Tanga ◽  
Kevin F. Spratt ◽  
Joyce A. DeLeo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pain Models ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Background Neuropathic pain and radicular low back pain both have a major impact on human health worldwide. Microarray gene analysis on central nervous system tissues holds great promise for discovering novel targets for persistent pain modulation. Methods Rat models of lumbar radiculopathy (L5 nerve root ligation) and neuropathy (L5 spinal nerve transection) were used for these studies. The authors measured mechanical allodynia followed by analysis of global gene expression in the lumbar spinal cord at two time points (7 days and 14 days) after surgery using the Affymetrix RAE230A GeneChip(R) (Santa Clara, CA). The expression patterns of several genes of interest were subsequently confirmed using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results The authors observed similarly robust mechanical allodynia in both models. Second, they observed significant differences in lumbar spinal cord gene expression across chronic pain models. There was little overlap between genes altered in each injury model, suggesting that the site and type of injury produce distinct spinal mechanisms mediating the observed mechanical allodynia. The authors further confirmed a subset of the genes using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and identified several genes as either neuropathy-associated genes or radiculopathy-associated genes. Conclusions These two models of persistent pain produce similar allodynic outcomes but produce differential gene expression. These results suggest that diverging mechanisms lead to a common behavioral outcome in these pain models. Furthermore, these distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms in neuropathic versus radicular pain may implicate unique drug therapies for these types of chronic pain syndromes.

scholarly journals Slc6a4, Tph2, Htr1b, Htr2a genes expression in the mouse spinal cord after microgravity exposure simulation on earth

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-703
Author(s):  
M S Kuznetsov ◽  
A N Lisyukov ◽  
M A Davleeva ◽  
A A Izmailov
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Synaptic Proteins ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Aim. To determine the level of gene expression of the serotonergic neurotransmission system (Slc6a4, Tph2, Htr1b, Htr2a) in the cervical and lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord for mice after 30-day microgravity exposure simulation by using the antiorthostatic unloading model by Morey-Holton et al. and a subsequent 7-dayrecovery period. Methods. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: Unloading group with mice undergoes hindlimb-unloading procedure for 30 days (n=5); Recovery group with mice undergoes hindlimb-unloading procedure for 30 days, followed by readaptation within 7 days (n=5); Control group with mice kept at standard vivarium conditions (n=5). The expression level of genes encoding synaptic proteins in the central nervous system was estimated by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding the Tph2, Htr1b, and Htr2a expressions in the cervical and lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord. Compared to the Control group, a statistically significant increase (6.3 times) in the level of Slc6a4 expression in the lumbar spinal cord was revealed after microgravity exposure simulation (Unloading group), followed by a 3-fold decrease during the readaptation period (Recovery group ). Conclusion. The expression level of the Slc6a4 gene, which encodes carrier protein involved in the function of serotonergic synapses, may indicate the potential involvement of this neurotransmitter system in the pathogenesis of movement disorders after microgravity exposure simulation on earth.

scholarly journals Changes of the F-Wave in the Acute Phase of Permanent Spinal Cord Ischaemic Injury Predict Spinal Cord Function in Animal Models of Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Zhou ◽  
Xingming Liu ◽  
Xueyuan Heng ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Qimin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischaemic Injury ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
F Wave ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background: To explore the changes of the F-wave in the posterior tibial nerve of rabbits after different levels of lumbar spinal cord ischaemic injury and its correlation with motor function and the extent of lumbar spinal cord pathological damage. Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups. The control group (n=5) was used to exclude the influence of anaesthesia and surgery on the F-wave. Different levels of lumbar arteries were ligated in the five experimental groups (n=5). The F-wave was recorded to observe the changes in the acute phase of spinal cord ischaemia.The correlation between the changes of the F-wave in the acute reversible phase and the motor function of the spinal cord was analysed. Results: The results for the control group indicated that anaesthesia and surgery did not affect the F-wave results.There was no statistically significant difference in the F-wave amplitudes and latency before and after ligation in the 1 and 2 level ligation groups. The F-wave changed immediately after ligation in the 3, 4 and 5 ligation groups. The latency of the F-wave gradually extended, the amplitude of the F-wave gradually reduced.The amplitude variations of the F-wave were positively correlated with the motor function 2 days after ligation, there was a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The F-waves in the posterior tibial nerve of rabbits were found to be sensitive to the lumbar spinal cord ischaemic injury and specific to predict motor function.

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