Some Features of the Moneys Accelerator Performance

2011 ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Maevsky ◽  
K. Zorin
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Economic Depression ◽  
The One

Money supply can be divided into two components: the one serving nominal GDP production and the other serving stock market transactions. It is argued that weak fluctuations of money supply growth rates relative to nominal GDP growth rates provoke strong fluctuations of the money supply component serving stock market. This, in turn, leads to sharp fluctuations in the stock market conjuncture that implies not only financial turmoil but economic depression. The authors propose to manage this process through analyzing dynamics of the specially designed index.

Relationship between some Staphylococcus aureus pathogenic factors and growth rates and somatic cell counts

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Zecconi ◽  
Enrica Binda ◽  
Vitaliano Borromeo ◽  
Renata Piccinini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Binding Protein Gene ◽  
The One

Staphylococcus aureus isolates produce several pathogenic factors. The combination of these products influences the pathogenic role of different isolates, but their specific effects are well known in the pathogenesis of udder infections. This study focused on the association of polymorphism of the coagulase gene, protein A gene, collagen-binding protein gene, and of fibrinogen-binding protein gene on somatic cell count (SCC) and on Staph. aureus growth rate. Fifty Staph. aureus isolates from 13 dairy cow herds, located in seven different provinces, were considered. The results showed a low frequency of cna gene, similar to the one observed in human isolates. Meanwhile, the high frequency of efb gene indirectly confirmed the role of this factor in bacterial pathogenesis, being associated with adhesion to epithelia. The association of these two single genes with SCC and growth rate showed to be not significant. The polymorphism of spa gene was confirmed to be significantly associated with inflammatory response and growth rate, albeit with a pattern different from the one suggested for human isolates. Sorting of isolates based on the clusters obtained by combining polymorphisms of spa and coa genes and the presence of cna and efb genes, showed that a single cluster (cluster V) was prevalent in the different herds and provinces, while the other six clusters identified were widely spread among the remaining 60% of the isolates. Results showed that clusters VI and VII had significantly higher growth rates at 3, 4, and 6 h in comparison with the other clusters. Meanwhile, quarters infected with these strains showed significantly lower SCC levels. The frequency of isolates from cluster V, suggested that they should possess pathogenic factors increasing their invasiveness, even if in the presence of a stronger inflammatory response. These results indirectly confirm previous findings on the different interactions between isolates and the udder immune system. They also suggest that isolates with higher growth rates and inducing a lower inflammatory response have better chances to spread among the herd. The relatively simple genomic method proposed in this study could be applied by an increasing number of diagnostic laboratories and could be useful in studying the epidemiology of Staph. aureus intramammary infections in dairy herds when collecting data from the field.

A Bank with a Divided Mandate

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Einar Lie
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Value Of Money

This chapter examines the two mandates of Norges Bank. In autumn of 1818, Norges Bank began providing ordinary services to the public, discounting bills and lending directly against real estate. The institution was now both the nation’s bank of issue and its sole bank. Expectations of what the bank was to achieve pulled in two diametrically opposed directions. On the one hand, the bank was to take control of the inflated monetary system and bring the value of money back to par, namely the silver value guarantee issued when the Storting established the bank in 1816. Based on both contemporary and modern wisdom, this would speak in favour of tightening the money supply. On the other hand, the bank was to meet the country’s considerable need for credit, which would speak in favour of adding liquidity. However, a desire to supply more credit to farmers, merchants, timber traders, and others competed with the long-term goal of returning money to par. Indeed, the reason why the road to par became so long and winding has to do with the desire to supply the nation with credit: both the money supply and credit volumes were expanded repeatedly to meet the country’s borrowing needs.

The impacts of IPO financing and monetary policy on economic growth in Bangladesh: Evidence from a dynamic assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suborna Barua ◽  
◽  
Mahmuda Akter ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Bank Rate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Capital Financing

Bangladesh is considered a fast-growing emerging economy and the new Asian tiger. The increasing need for capital funds in Bangladesh is largely met by banks, mainly due to the country’s underdeveloped nature of the stock market. Bank financing is assumed to be influenced by monetary policies, particularly, by bank rates adopted each year by the central bank of Bangladesh. On the other hand, while some studies stress the need for strengthening the debt and equity securities markets to support Bangladesh’s fast economic growth, debates swirl about whether or to what extent the stock market contributes to economic growth in the country. To address the understanding gap, in this paper, we examine the impact of capital financing through equity initial public offerings (IPO) and bank rate on the economic growth of Bangladesh. We use annual data from 1981 to 2019 and employ an autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) framework to examine the long-run and short-run impacts of IPO financing and bank rate on GDP growth rate. Our findings suggest the existence of a long-run cointegrating relationship between IPO financing, bank rate, and GDP growth. We find that IPO financing does not have a significant long-run impact but shows only a one-period short-run positive impact on economic growth. On the other hand, bank rate shows a long-run negative and a one-period short-run positive impact on economic growth. Findings overall suggest that IPO financing does not significantly contribute to long-run economic growth while giving only a temporary boost. Further, increases in bank rate - as one would expect - depress economic growth in the long-run, while generating herd behavior immediately. Our findings stress the need for encouraging more quality IPO issuances, increasing the issuance size, and ensuring proper utilization of the funds by IPO issuers to make the capital market a key driver of economic growth.

Similarities in recruitment but differences in persistence in two related native and invasive trees: relevance of regenerative and vegetative attributes

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula A. Tecco ◽  
Ana E. Ferreras ◽  
Diego E. Gurvich ◽  
Guillermo Funes
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leguminous Trees ◽  
Invasive Trees ◽  
The One

Ecological theory predicts that the success of exotic plants in new environments depends on a combination of both regenerative and vegetative attributes. Identifying those attributes may benefit from approaches that specifically compare related exotic and native species, thereby overcoming strong habitat dependence and phylogenetic bias. Gleditsia triacanthos L. (Fabaceae) is described as an aggressive woody invader in a broad range of ecosystems of Argentina, where it coexists with other leguminous trees. In the present study, we assessed whether the success of G. triacanthos in the lower areas of Chaco woodlands of central Argentina is determined (1) by differences from the dominant native, Prosopis alba, in its combination of several attributes that enhance the invader’s competitive ability, (2) by differences from P. alba in few key attributes that facilitate its spread, or (3) by strong functional similarities in response to environmental filtering by the invaded system. Our comparison of 19 functional traits of both species showed that regenerative and vegetative trends may vary independently, and that two contrasting strategies seem to underlie the success of G. triacanthos in this region. On the one hand, the invader might benefit by sharing regenerative attributes with the native relative that dominates the community, which is evidently a successful way of recruiting in the system. On the other hand, as recruitment is ensured, the species differs in several vegetative attributes, which may enhance its competitive ability in terms of growth rates and nutrient uptake.

scholarly journals A pertinent analytic method to correctly measure contributions to growth in gross domestic product

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Brunet
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
The One

In this paper, Antoine Brunet questions the OECD method in calculating contributions to GDP growth. He tries to show this method induces the users to seriously misjudge the contribution of external trade balance to GDP growth. He shows there is an alternative method, i.e. the AB method which is mathematically as correct as the OECD one. And this method is much more pertinent and allows the users to distinguish between two kinds of countries: on the one hand, the mercantilist countries and on the other hand, the non-mercantilist countries.

scholarly journals An Econometric Analysis of Deficit Budget, Money Supply and Inflation in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Tara Prasad Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Budget Deficits ◽  
Inflationary Pressure ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The One

High money supply (M2) and high budget deficits (BD) both are equally responsible for higher rate of inflation. Moreover, inflationary pressure gets more momentum when money supply and budget deficits both increase together. The empirical evidence of Nepal also supports this hypothesis. Present paper re-examines this issue in the context of Nepal by using econometric analysis. The empirical results reveal that long run inflation is not only related with higher money supply but also to budget deficit. On the one hand, there is unidirectional causal relationship between money supply with inflation and similarly budget deficit with inflation. On the other, the supply of money has no causal connection with budget deficit. Hence the finding implies that both monetary and fiscal policies are important to control inflation in Nepal.

scholarly journals Stock markets vs GDP growth in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 695-702
Author(s):  
Raphael Tabani Mpofu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Stock Market Returns ◽  
Stock Market Performance ◽  
The Relationship

nvestors look at stock market performance and assume that it anticipates economic developments or that the latest GDP quarterly figures have a huge effect on the market’s movements. This study seeks to test if this is true in the long-term. According to a study of the USA stock exchanges done by Holger Sandte (2012) he found that this relationship does not exist. In this paper, we examine the relationship between GDP growth and stock markets returns. We observe that the relationship between these two variables remains complicated because of the effects of multiple factors interwoven over time, which can differ from one country to the next (Boubakari and Jin, 2010). While accurate economic forecasts are helpful for stock investing, we argue that investors should not rely on a single economic indicator in predicting future market developments. As counterintuitive as it might seem, research suggests that high growth rates do not necessarily correlate with the highest long-term stock market returns (Levine, and Zervos, 1996). Nevertheless, major stock market movements may contain valuable information for economic forecasters. This paper reveals that the relationship between the FTSE-JSE All-Share Index growth rates and GDP growth rates is coincidental and cannot be used for prediction. Stock prices generally reflect investor expectations for future corporate earnings and consequently for future economic growth but the papers argued that this relationship cannot be modelled to accurately predict the stock market growth from GDP growth. The findings of the study indicate that investors should not rely on past economic growth as an indicator of future stock gains. Accurately forecasting future economic growth might help but those forecasts are difficult to get right. We suggest that investors should not base their stock investments purely on economic cycles because of the unreliability and unpredictability of such cycles. It is advisable that investors look at fundamentals before investing in high-risk equity markets of growing economies

scholarly journals Major reasons behind the whitewash of lakshmi vilas bank from the indian stock market – an analysis with mathematical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Vivek Prabu M ◽  
Dharani K S
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Bank Deposits ◽  
Indian Stock Market ◽  
A Company

Banks play a pivotal role in India's economic development. They sustain the country’s GDP growth through turning people’s static money into capital for investment and thus directing cash flow via dynamic market systems. Bank deposits provide secured and fixed return unlike the share market that holds higher risk of investment and offer a variable return which is uncertain. Whenever an individual or a company is at financial crisis, Banks lend their hands and offer loans and help them as much as possible to cut down the financial burden. But on the other hand, when the financial health of a bank itself is very weak which in turn will certainly affect the entire movement of the banking sector in the stock market and further that would lead to unreliable market circumstances. In this paper, we will be analyzing the major reasons behind the complete wash out of Lakshmi Vilas Bank from the Indian Stock Market and try to figure out the alarming indicators so as to be more cautious in the mere future to avoid such financial breakdown caused due to the bankrupted scenario.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document