scholarly journals Risk-oriented simulation of the long logistics supply chains in developing enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Oleg Fedorovich ◽  
Yurii Pronchakov
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Production System ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Event Modeling ◽  
Supply Logistics

The paper defines and solves the urgent problem of research of long logistics supply chains in developing enterprises. Due to the distribution of the production system as well as to the presence of a large number of remote suppliers of materials, raw materials and components supply plans are threatened. Supply disruptions in their turn may affect the plans of the main production resulting in possible fines, economic losses, and disruptions in supply of manufactured articles to the markets of high-tech and science-intensive products. To study threats and vulnerabilities in supply logistics the risk-oriented approach that considers potential threats using past statistics and expert assessments has been proposed. The objective of the paper is to develop a risk-oriented method to study the existing threats and assess their impact on the vulnerabilities of the logistics chains of the distributed production system. Due to the complexity of the problematic logistics task, the study is conducted in three different stages: development of the method to simulate the risks in long supply chains; identification of possible bottlenecks in the transport system of supply logistics; threat simulation and vulnerability analysis in supply logistics. To model the risks, an agent model is used, in which the accumulation of risks is carried out by passing orders in the transport system. To simulate bottlenecks, a simulation event model is used, in which large queues that occur in the transport system are analyzed. A stochastic simulation model is used to model threats and vulnerabilities. The new scientific results are risk-oriented method of long logistics supply chains simulation; simulation of supply logistics threats and vulnerabilities. Mathematical methods used: risk theory; simulation event modeling; agent modeling; queuing theory. The proposed approach as a set of developed simulation models should be used to plan the supply of developing production.

scholarly journals Вибір постачальників для виробництва високотехнологічної продукції з урахуванням довгих логістичних ланцюгів постачання вантажів

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Олег Євгенович Федорович ◽  
Юрій Леонідович Прончаков ◽  
Ксенія Олегівна Рибка ◽  
Юлія Олександрівна Лещенко
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Complex Product ◽  
Component Architecture

The scientific and applied problem of choosing suppliers of components, materials, and raw materials (CMRM) for the production of high-tech products (aircraft construction, shipbuilding, etc.) with a complex multi-level component architecture of the product is posed and solved. Much attention is paid to the study of long logistic supply chains for CMRM, considering the heterogeneous transport network (aviation transport, rail transport, road transport, etc.) with the transition of goods from one highway to another. The relevance of the topic of the publication is related to the study of the influence of the remoteness of suppliers and the heterogeneity of the transport network on the timing, costs, and risks of delivering CMRM to the production of high-tech products, considering the long supply chains that ensure the interaction between the supplier and the manufacturer. The research solves the problem of a rational choice of suppliers, considering the logistics of CMRM delivery in a heterogeneous transport environment. Due to the complexity of the problem being solved, it is complex and includes the following research stages: selection of suppliers, considering the component architecture of a complex product; formation of a logistics chain for the delivery of CMRM; a study of the effect of cargo transshipment in a heterogeneous transport environment. The solution of the second problem is associated with the choice of optimal logistics chains for the delivery of CMRM from the supplier to the manufacturers. The solution to the third problem is based on modeling the movement of goods, considering transshipment and possible risks. Mathematical methods used system analysis to represent the component architecture of a complex product; integer (boolean) programming to optimize the main logistic indicators; agent-based simulation modeling for the study of logistics chains for the delivery of goods with transshipment and possible risks (climatic, pandemic, terrorist, etc.).

High-tech methods for processing meat raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
M.G. Baryshev ◽  
A.A. Zaporizhzhya ◽  
G.I. Kasyanov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Tech

High-tech business in crisis conditions: development trends of large, medium and small enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Spitsyn ◽  
Alexander A. Mikhal'chuk ◽  
Anastasia A. Bulykina ◽  
Svetlana N. Popova ◽  
Irina E. Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Medium And Small Enterprises

Leading world countries view innovative development and high-tech business as an opportunity to overcome economic stagnation and decline in economic growth. One of the modern trends in the analysis of high-tech development is the study of high-tech knowledge-intensive service industries and their development in times of crisis. The purpose of the paper is to identify patterns of development of large, medium and small enterprises in high-tech service industries in Russia during periods of crisis. Economic and economic-mathematical methods of analysis are applied to the formed samples of enterprises. The research period is 2013-2017. The financial indicators of enterprises were adjusted for the level of accumulated inflation in relation to 2013. According to results, large and medium-sized enterprises showed insignificant or weak significant positive dynamics of revenue during all years of the crisis period. The crisis period did not lead to a decrease in the revenue of these groups of enterprises. The acute phase of the crisis (2014-2015) had a pronounced negative impact on the group of small enterprises in all studied industries, but they successfully recovered in 2016-2017 and reached the pre-crisis level of revenue. The total revenue by industries and groups of enterprises in 2017 became higher than in 2013, and its growth rates were significant for many groups of enterprises, which indicates a successful overcoming of the crisis period and signs of growth in high-tech service industries. Our study shows the need for state support for small businesses in high-tech service industries in crisis conditions, and identifies the possibilities of adaptation of enterprises in these industries to an unfavorable external environment. Our results may be useful for the purposes of government stimulation of economic development in the current environment.

International Supply Chains in APR

2015 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Computer Industry ◽  
Vertical Specialization ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
International Production ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Labor Division ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In China

The article considers the problem of international supply chains in machinery-building. The meanings of appropriate terms are specified (outsourcing, international production sharing, vertical specialization). It is clarified (following D. Hummels et al.) the definition of vertical specialization as a structure of supply chain when a country is using imported inputs to produce goods for exports. It is emphasized that countries exporting raw materials usually show high share of vertical specialization-based trade in their exports but not in imports. Developed industrial countries (excluding Japan) usually show high content of vertical specialization-based trade in both exports and imports. Statistical analysis of the intra-industry labor division in the office, accounting and computing machinery of Asia and Pacific is made. In China and Japan most inputs consumed by office, accounting and computing machinery are of domestic origin. The larger share of intermediate production of the office, accounting and computing machinery, consumed by the same branch, in China is of domestic origin, too. It means that a queue of successive components of supply chains is placed on the territory of China. At the same time, what concerns the territory of Korea assembling industries are prevailing. In USA and Japan the branch is using as inputs mostly intermediate production of domestic origin. Still, a larger fraction of the intermediate production of the computer industry itself is imported. In the four from five countries reviewed (USA, Japan, Republic of Korea, Thailand) the imported intermediate production for computer industry used by the respective industry as inputs is larger than the domestic production. This proves high degree of internationalization of this industry in Asia and Pacific.

INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS AND INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Bryntsev ◽  
◽  
M.A. Bykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

In the article, the authors consider the issues of the relationship between global supply chains and industrial production of semiconductors in modern conditions. Particular attention is paid to the applied value of the application of artificial intelligence technologies in industry in the light of the growth of global competition. Their specific features, strengths and weaknesses are shown. A brief macroeconomic analysis of the development of markets for robotics, the automotive industry, high-tech products, as well as modern regulations on the eve of a new technological order is given.

High-Tech Spin-Offs’ Operational Risk Assessment System

2010 ◽  
Vol 40-41 ◽  
pp. 968-973
Author(s):  
Li Ma ◽  
Li Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Operational Risk ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Hierarchical Index ◽  
Hierarchy Process

This paper analyzes the sources of high-tech spin-offs’ operational risks, establishes a multifactor hierarchical index system and applies Analytical Hierarchy Process and fuzzy mathematical methods to build a fuzzy overall evaluation model. This research can provide a useful tool to help high-tech spin-offs scientifically assess their operational risk degree in order to formulate corresponding countermeasures to evade the risks, and realize sustainable growth.

scholarly journals RURAL IRONWORKING CRAFT IN THE MEDIEVAL RUSSIA PRODUCTION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 369-383
Author(s):  
В. И. Завьялов ◽  
Н. Н. Терехова
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Production System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Production Culture

Получить полноценную характеристику производственной культуры Древней Руси невозможно без изучения роли сельского ремесла. Многофакторный анализ археометаллографических данных позволил сделать вывод о том, что сельское ремесленное производство представляло гораздо более сложное явление, чем виделось ранее. Древнерусское село не только служило поставщиком сырья в городские ремесленные центры и производило простую в технологическом отношении продукцию, но и воспринимало технологические инновации. Сельские мастера сами могли производить качественные кузнечные изделия и снабжали ими ближайшую округу. It is not possible to obtain full characteristics of the Medieval Russia production culture without examining the role of rural crafts. Multivariate analysis of archaeometallographic data made it possible to conclude that rural crafts were a much more sophisticated phenomenon than previously thought. A village in Medieval Russia not only supplied raw materials to craft centers and manufactured technologically simple products but also adopted technological innovations. Rural craftsmen were able to produce high-quality blacksmith products and supplied them to the nearby population.

scholarly journals The bases of coordination development as the emergent quality of investment goods supply chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
V. Falovych ◽  
N. Falovych ◽  
S. Semeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production System ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Internal Stakeholders

In this paper article the authors point out the importance of actions aimed at reducing waste, increasing productivity and reducing costs in the supply chain, which will ensure the development of coordination as an emergent function of the supply chain and contribute to the formation of responsibility to internal stakeholders; they also note the difference between logistics and supply chain management (SCM), which, primarily, is that logistics usually refers to the activities taking place within one organization, and supply chains belong to the network of companies working together and coordinate their actions to product supply to the market. The authors point out that the development of partnership in supply chains makes it possible to perform collaborative planning on a common information base, collective management of stocks, risks and all this provides reasons to coordinate activities in the supply chain, i.e. the dependence of «exit» on «entry» becomes homogeneous. Particular attention is paid to the ways of improvement the supply chain functioning, which is proposed to carry out at three levels. The highest level includes the processes taking place throughout the supply chain, and concerns the relationship between all participants [10]. At the operational level (the second level), the constraint theory recommends to use the LPS (Logical Product Structure) method. At the current actions level (the third level) TOC proposes to use the concept of management of the production system DBR (English: Drum – Buffer – Rope), the application of which enables to increase the capacity of the production system. In order to identify the area of necessary changes, the authors propose to build a detailed flowchart of processes, actions and functions from receiving the order from the customer (either external or internal) up to the moment of order fulfilment and delivery to the customer, which makes it possible to analyze sequentially the system operation in the current time and identify the areas of necessary changes, as well as to increase the level of meeting the customer needs, ensuring the efficiency of material and information flows, strengthening the manufacturer status in the market.

scholarly journals NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR ANALYSIS SKELETON PLANAR SCINTIGRAMMS OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Xinmei Kang ◽  
N. E. Kosykh ◽  
E. A. Levkova ◽  
V. A. Razuvaev ◽  
S. Z. Savin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
System Building ◽  
Average Brightness

In work is described practical approach to the expert system building for the analysis skeleton planar scintigramms. The aim is to analyze the numerical characteristics of bone metastases by scintigraphy. Objective. Progress in the development of bioinformatics and mathematical methods in biomedicine, as well as the development of computer and telecommunications systems and networks determines the look of the present and future of oncology technology and of medicine in general. At last years of one of the directions of high-tech-medicine development is a processing the digital image: improvement of quality of image, recovering image, its recognition of separate elements. Recognition of pathological processes is one of the most important problems of processing the medical image. Methods and results. Method of computer-aided analysis of planar osteostsintigrammy studied the skeleton of patients with breast cancer are in complete remission and in the phase progression of the disease with metastases to the skeleton. As analyzed parameter was used brightness of images. The study of the physiological accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals in patients without metastasis to the skeleton indicates a wide variation in the brightness values of the scintigram in some areas of the skeleton. At the same anatomical areas of the skeleton there are significant differences in the values of the index of average brightness. In almost all areas of the skeleton averages of the brightness lesions hyperfixation RFP for scintigram significantly prevail over those of «physiological» lesions hyperfixation. Thus, there is a direct relationship between the levels of accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in areas of the skeleton without metastatic lesion and bone metastases occurring in these zones. Consider methodological approaches to studies of quality of qualifier at the expert system building for the analysis skeleton planar scintigramms, as well as results of conducting calculations.

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