scholarly journals Вибір постачальників для виробництва високотехнологічної продукції з урахуванням довгих логістичних ланцюгів постачання вантажів

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Олег Євгенович Федорович ◽  
Юрій Леонідович Прончаков ◽  
Ксенія Олегівна Рибка ◽  
Юлія Олександрівна Лещенко
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Complex Product ◽  
Component Architecture

The scientific and applied problem of choosing suppliers of components, materials, and raw materials (CMRM) for the production of high-tech products (aircraft construction, shipbuilding, etc.) with a complex multi-level component architecture of the product is posed and solved. Much attention is paid to the study of long logistic supply chains for CMRM, considering the heterogeneous transport network (aviation transport, rail transport, road transport, etc.) with the transition of goods from one highway to another. The relevance of the topic of the publication is related to the study of the influence of the remoteness of suppliers and the heterogeneity of the transport network on the timing, costs, and risks of delivering CMRM to the production of high-tech products, considering the long supply chains that ensure the interaction between the supplier and the manufacturer. The research solves the problem of a rational choice of suppliers, considering the logistics of CMRM delivery in a heterogeneous transport environment. Due to the complexity of the problem being solved, it is complex and includes the following research stages: selection of suppliers, considering the component architecture of a complex product; formation of a logistics chain for the delivery of CMRM; a study of the effect of cargo transshipment in a heterogeneous transport environment. The solution of the second problem is associated with the choice of optimal logistics chains for the delivery of CMRM from the supplier to the manufacturers. The solution to the third problem is based on modeling the movement of goods, considering transshipment and possible risks. Mathematical methods used system analysis to represent the component architecture of a complex product; integer (boolean) programming to optimize the main logistic indicators; agent-based simulation modeling for the study of logistics chains for the delivery of goods with transshipment and possible risks (climatic, pandemic, terrorist, etc.).

scholarly journals Risk-oriented simulation of the long logistics supply chains in developing enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Oleg Fedorovich ◽  
Yurii Pronchakov
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Production System ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Event Modeling ◽  
Supply Logistics

The paper defines and solves the urgent problem of research of long logistics supply chains in developing enterprises. Due to the distribution of the production system as well as to the presence of a large number of remote suppliers of materials, raw materials and components supply plans are threatened. Supply disruptions in their turn may affect the plans of the main production resulting in possible fines, economic losses, and disruptions in supply of manufactured articles to the markets of high-tech and science-intensive products. To study threats and vulnerabilities in supply logistics the risk-oriented approach that considers potential threats using past statistics and expert assessments has been proposed. The objective of the paper is to develop a risk-oriented method to study the existing threats and assess their impact on the vulnerabilities of the logistics chains of the distributed production system. Due to the complexity of the problematic logistics task, the study is conducted in three different stages: development of the method to simulate the risks in long supply chains; identification of possible bottlenecks in the transport system of supply logistics; threat simulation and vulnerability analysis in supply logistics. To model the risks, an agent model is used, in which the accumulation of risks is carried out by passing orders in the transport system. To simulate bottlenecks, a simulation event model is used, in which large queues that occur in the transport system are analyzed. A stochastic simulation model is used to model threats and vulnerabilities. The new scientific results are risk-oriented method of long logistics supply chains simulation; simulation of supply logistics threats and vulnerabilities. Mathematical methods used: risk theory; simulation event modeling; agent modeling; queuing theory. The proposed approach as a set of developed simulation models should be used to plan the supply of developing production.

scholarly journals МЕТОД ФОРМУВАННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ВЗАЄМОДІЙ ДЛЯ НОВОГО ПОРТФЕЛЮ ЗАМОВЛЕНЬ РОЗПОДІЛЕНОГО ВІРТУАЛЬНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Олег Євгенович Федорович ◽  
Юрій Леонідович Прончаков
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Route Optimization ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Virtual Production ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Transportation Simulation

The subject of research in the paper is to organize the logistics of interactions in a distributed virtual manufacture of high-tech products. The work aims to develop the method to find rational routes in the heterogeneous transport network, considering the time (deadlines), costs, and risks. The article addresses the following tasks: research of logistics interactions across the virtual manufacture of high-tech products (aircraft, automotive, etc.). Logistic interactions are carried out in a heterogeneous transport network that connects individual technological processes of high-tech manufacture. The features of logistics related to the virtualization of manufacture in the form of the new portfolio of orders are analyzed. The suppliers of materials, raw materials, and components that are located in the nodes of the heterogeneous transport network and which are the sources of goods transported in the distributed virtual manufacture are determined. To assess the possible routes of goods transportation in the heterogeneous transport network the values of time (deadlines of goods delivery), as well as freight costs and risks, are considered. The purposeful search for rational routes is carried out using the proposed algorithm for generating and moving numerical "waves" in a heterogeneous transport network. The simulation model to simulate the process of numerical “wave” propagation using planning and implementing of events related to the arrival of goods transported to the nodes of the heterogeneous transport network has been built. The algorithm to simulate the flow of requests in neighboring nodes concerning the node of the considered heterogeneous transport network has been developed. The dead-end nodes and possible parallel paths of equal types of transportation combining neighboring nodes are considered. The built algorithm includes two different phases of simulation: to achieve the “final” node and the inverse phase that is to define the route. The search algorithm is universal and makes it possible to find the routes with minimal time of goods transportation, minimal costs, and risks. The search for a compromise route that satisfies the conflicting criteria of time, cost, and risk has been proposed. The method of rational routes search is designed in the form of the agent simulation model. The following methods are used in the article: system analysis to create the topology of heterogeneous transport network structure; graph theory to represent the flows and routes of goods transportation; simulation to generate and move numerical "waves"; route optimization based on simulation; multi-criteria optimization to find the rational route; agent-oriented simulation to create the routes in the heterogeneous transport network. Conclusions: the proposed method to find the rational routes in a heterogeneous transport network of distributed virtual manufacture allows organizing the logistics transport interactions in distributed virtual production at the initial stages of planning of the new portfolio of orders.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Oksana Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Business System ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The subject of the study is a set of basic theoretical, scientific and methodological provisions and practical recommendations for analyzing trends in the system of international business and increase the effectiveness of institutional support for enterprises participating in international business. In the course of the research such concepts as "foreign economic activity", "international entrepreneurship", "international business" are considered. The latter is proposed to be considered as a system of business processes implemented by business entities outside of their own country and aimed at achieving strategic goals. Research methods. General scientific and special methods are used in the work, which allow to systematically solve problem tasks in the chosen direction of the research. In the course of the research such methods are used as: method of theoretical generalization; system analysis; graphic and analytical methods. Results. An analysis of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the activities of international market players has been made. A comprehensive analysis of the volume, commodity, geographical structure of exports and imports of goods in Ukraine in 2018-2020. It is determined that Ukraine overwhelmingly exports raw materials and imports high-tech goods. Despite the decline in foreign trade, the general trend indicates that exports and imports will grow in the long run. An objective analysis of the functioning of the Ukrainian business system with the help of many world ratings, which allow us to assess the place of Ukraine in the global conditions of development, in comparison with the economies of other countries. As a result of the study, it was determined that Ukraine is inferior to other countries in the world in trade, regulatory policy, national branding, etc., and has the best position in the field of budget transparency. The results of the analysis indicate the need to implement effective organizational and economic principles aimed at improving the quality of Ukraine's business system. The analysis and construction of the profile of the national business system allowed to identify the main problems in the system of international business and begin to form measures to address them. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the theoretical provisions and practical recommendations obtained by the author as a result of the study can be used in developing directions for the transformation of national international business in a crisis.

scholarly journals Multiagent modeling of production logistics in the creation of high-tech products

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Oleg Fedorovich ◽  
Liudmyla Lutai
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Production Logistics ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Component Architecture ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Distributed Production

Economic instability and stochastic behavior of the market lead to the need to develop new methods and models to reduce the life cycle of high-tech products. Therefore, the urgent task is a detailed consideration and analysis of each main stage of the life cycle of creating complex technical products. The current study develops a method for optimizing production processes. The subject of research is a production planning and management as the main stage of the life cycle. The method proposed in the publication is based on the component architecture of the created innovative high-tech product, which is obtained because of decomposition at the initial stage of design. Modern production is of distributed nature. While planning production, it is necessary to pay attention to the management and synchronization of material and other types of flows in the logistics chain of distributed production. To form a set of basic and subsidiary operations of distributed production, it is necessary to consider the logistical features, the level of decomposition of the component architecture of the created product, as well as the type of component in the production cycle. Logistics operations are conducted following the requirements for the relevant indicators, namely, the cost of the operation, quality, competitiveness, innovation, the risk of the operation. The main criterion for optimization is the duration of operations. The work uses multi-agent simulation modeling of a sequential logistics chain of production processes, as well as mathematical models and methods: system analysis, optimization using integer programming, multi-criteria optimization, and expert evaluations. The method reduces the duration of the production cycle for the manufacture of individual components of the complex architecture of high-tech products by determining the optimal set of production and ancillary logistics operations for each component, considering the requirements for key production indicators, which minimize production time of high-tech products.

scholarly journals Russian methodology for designing multicomponent foods in retrospect

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Lisitsyn ◽  
Irina Chernukha ◽  
Marina Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Computer Design ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Object Oriented Approach

The article summarizes some scientific and practical prerequisites for creating multicomponent foods with desirable quality characteristics and consumer properties. Mathematical methods were used to model a multicomponent product according to the selected parameters of adequacy and quality, depending on the nutritional and biological value of raw materials. The Russian methodology of food design originated in the works of N.N. Lipatov. His six basic principles of designing balanced multicomponent foods are still relevant today. Further development was proposed by A.B. Lisitsyn who took into account individual protein digestibility of every component in the mixture and its effect on the amino acid composition of total protein. At the next stage, Yu.A. Ivashkin improved formulations using the methods of system analysis, modelling, and product range optimization. Modern food chemistry, food biotechnology, and information technologies allow for effective computer design and optimization of multicomponent food formulations for specific population groups. As a result, an increasing number of food scientists are engaged in improving food products. Literature analysis showed that the current stages of designing (modelling) multicomponent foods are mainly based on information and algorithms, using linear, experimental and statistical programming methods or an object-oriented approach. Russian food scientists still use the methodology developed by A.M. Brazhnikov, I.A. Rogov, and N.N. Lipatov. It allows for designing multicomponent foods with specified nutritional indicators and energy value. The Russian Academy of Sciences pointed to a need for “digital nutritiology” (Decree No. 178 of November 27, 2018 “On Current Problems of Optimizing the Population of Russia: Role of Science”). This new scientific direction could enable digital transformation of data on human physiological needs for nutrients, biologically active substances, and energy, as well as the chemical composition of basic foods. There is also a need for computer programs to give personalized recommendations for optimal nutrition.

High-tech methods for processing meat raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
M.G. Baryshev ◽  
A.A. Zaporizhzhya ◽  
G.I. Kasyanov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Tech

High-tech business in crisis conditions: development trends of large, medium and small enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Spitsyn ◽  
Alexander A. Mikhal'chuk ◽  
Anastasia A. Bulykina ◽  
Svetlana N. Popova ◽  
Irina E. Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Medium And Small Enterprises

Leading world countries view innovative development and high-tech business as an opportunity to overcome economic stagnation and decline in economic growth. One of the modern trends in the analysis of high-tech development is the study of high-tech knowledge-intensive service industries and their development in times of crisis. The purpose of the paper is to identify patterns of development of large, medium and small enterprises in high-tech service industries in Russia during periods of crisis. Economic and economic-mathematical methods of analysis are applied to the formed samples of enterprises. The research period is 2013-2017. The financial indicators of enterprises were adjusted for the level of accumulated inflation in relation to 2013. According to results, large and medium-sized enterprises showed insignificant or weak significant positive dynamics of revenue during all years of the crisis period. The crisis period did not lead to a decrease in the revenue of these groups of enterprises. The acute phase of the crisis (2014-2015) had a pronounced negative impact on the group of small enterprises in all studied industries, but they successfully recovered in 2016-2017 and reached the pre-crisis level of revenue. The total revenue by industries and groups of enterprises in 2017 became higher than in 2013, and its growth rates were significant for many groups of enterprises, which indicates a successful overcoming of the crisis period and signs of growth in high-tech service industries. Our study shows the need for state support for small businesses in high-tech service industries in crisis conditions, and identifies the possibilities of adaptation of enterprises in these industries to an unfavorable external environment. Our results may be useful for the purposes of government stimulation of economic development in the current environment.

International Supply Chains in APR

2015 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Computer Industry ◽  
Vertical Specialization ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
International Production ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Labor Division ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In China

The article considers the problem of international supply chains in machinery-building. The meanings of appropriate terms are specified (outsourcing, international production sharing, vertical specialization). It is clarified (following D. Hummels et al.) the definition of vertical specialization as a structure of supply chain when a country is using imported inputs to produce goods for exports. It is emphasized that countries exporting raw materials usually show high share of vertical specialization-based trade in their exports but not in imports. Developed industrial countries (excluding Japan) usually show high content of vertical specialization-based trade in both exports and imports. Statistical analysis of the intra-industry labor division in the office, accounting and computing machinery of Asia and Pacific is made. In China and Japan most inputs consumed by office, accounting and computing machinery are of domestic origin. The larger share of intermediate production of the office, accounting and computing machinery, consumed by the same branch, in China is of domestic origin, too. It means that a queue of successive components of supply chains is placed on the territory of China. At the same time, what concerns the territory of Korea assembling industries are prevailing. In USA and Japan the branch is using as inputs mostly intermediate production of domestic origin. Still, a larger fraction of the intermediate production of the computer industry itself is imported. In the four from five countries reviewed (USA, Japan, Republic of Korea, Thailand) the imported intermediate production for computer industry used by the respective industry as inputs is larger than the domestic production. This proves high degree of internationalization of this industry in Asia and Pacific.

INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS AND INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Bryntsev ◽  
◽  
M.A. Bykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

In the article, the authors consider the issues of the relationship between global supply chains and industrial production of semiconductors in modern conditions. Particular attention is paid to the applied value of the application of artificial intelligence technologies in industry in the light of the growth of global competition. Their specific features, strengths and weaknesses are shown. A brief macroeconomic analysis of the development of markets for robotics, the automotive industry, high-tech products, as well as modern regulations on the eve of a new technological order is given.

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