scholarly journals Integration of WiFi With WiMAX Technology in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
C. Kumuthini ◽  
A. Nirmala ◽  
K. Gomathy
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ieee 802.16 ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Wireless Access Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.16E ◽  
Packet Delivery

Wireless access networks based on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 have become very popular in providing different data services. In this paper our first goal is to design and implement an integrated Wimax and Wi-Fi network and compare two of the most promising infrastructure-based wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.16e standard and upcoming IEEE 802.11p standard. We investigate, through simulation, the potential and limitations of both technologies as a communication media for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. The performance of the two systems is evaluated for delay, packet delivery ratio, and throughput. This research work is to integrated of WiFi with WiMAX technology in an Vehicular Ad-hoc and evaluate the performance using the NS2.31 simulator. To improve the packet delivery ratio, and End-to-End delay the proposed system is implemented using Wi-Fi with WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) routing technique. we conclude that, the comparsion results shows integration of WiFi with WiMAX will produce better result when compared the existing schemes.

scholarly journals An Accurate Performance Analysis of Hybrid Efficient and Reliable MAC Protocol in VANET under Non-saturated Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram A. Almohammedi ◽  
Nor K. Noordin ◽  
A. Sali ◽  
Fazirulhisyam Hashim ◽  
Abdulmalek Al-Hemyari
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Safety Applications

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is a technology supporting two types of applications, safety and service applications with higher and lower priorities respectively. Thereby, Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is designed to provide reliable and efficient data broadcasting based on prioritization. Different from the IEEE 1609.4 (legacy), HER-MAC protocol is a new multi-channel MAC proposed for VANETs, offering remarkable performance with regards to safety applications transmission. This paper focuses on the analysis of packet delivery ratio of the HER-MAC protocol under non-saturated conditions. 1-D and 2-D Markov chains have been developed for safety and non-safety applications respectively, to evaluate mathematically the performance of HER-MAC protocol. The presented work has taken into account the freezing of the backoff timer for both applications and the backoff stages along with short retry limit for non-safety applications in order to meet the IEEE 802.11p specifications. It highlights that taking these elements into consideration are important in modeling the system, to provide an accurate estimation of the channel access, and guarantees that no packet is served indefinitely. More precise results of the system packet delivery ratio have been yield. The probability of successful transmission and collisions were derived and used to compute the packet delivery ratio. The simulation results validate the analytical results of our models and indicate that the performance of our models outperformed the existing models in terms of the packet delivery ratio under different number of vehicles and contention window.

scholarly journals 802.11p Profile Adaptive MAC Protocol for Non-Safety Messages on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Shamsul J Elias ◽  
M. Elshaikh ◽  
M. Yusof Darus ◽  
Jamaluddin Jasmis ◽  
Angela Amphawan
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Congestion Control ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Hoc Networks

<p>Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) play a vital Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) correspondence frameworks where vehicle are convey by communicating and conveying data transmitted among each other. Because of both high versatility and high unique network topology, congestion control should be executed distributedly. Optimizing the congestion control in term of delay rate, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and throughput could limit the activity of data packet transmissions. These have not been examined altogether so far – but rather this characteristic will be fundamental for VANET system execution and network system performance. This paper exhibits a novel strategy for congestion control and data transmission through Service Control Channel (SCH) in VANET. The Taguchi strategy has been connected in getting the optimize value of parameter for congstion control in highway environment. This idea lessens the pointless activity of data transmission and decreases the likelihood of congested in traffic in view of execution for measuring the delay rate, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and throughput. The proposed execution performance is estimated with the typical VANET environment in V2I topology in highway driving conditions and the simulation results demonstrate and enhance network execution performance with effective data transmission capacity.</p>

Research of Improvement of GPSR Protocol in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 1115-1118
Author(s):  
Li Cui Zhang ◽  
Xiao Nan Zhu ◽  
Zhi Gang Wang ◽  
Guang Hui Han
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Hoc Networks

Considering the shortcoming of the traditional Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing Protocol in the Vehicular Ad hoc Networks ,this paper focuses on an improved GPSR protocol based on the density of vehicle flow .This new scheme includes macro-directing algorithm , micro-forwarding strategy and the maintenance of the neighbor list.The simulation result shows that compared with the traditional GPSR protocol, the new GPSR protocol improves data packet delivery ratio, but its average end-to-end delay is slightly larger than before.

Middle-Order Vehicle-Based Clustering Model for Reducing Packet Loss in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050180
Author(s):  
S. David ◽  
P. T. Vanathi
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) are typically termed as a wireless ad-hoc network that contains extreme node mobility and also the network carries a great significance in various traffic-oriented commercial applications and safety services. Due to its high mobility, routing in VANET has been a challenging work and also proving a higher rate of packet delivery ratio with reduced packet loss has been more important to be considered in route formations. With that note, this paper contributes to developing a clustering model called Middle-Order Vehicle-based Clustering (MOVC) model for managing the frequent topological change and high vehicle mobility, and efficiently handling the typical road traffic scenario. Moreover, the algorithm is intended to maintain the cluster to be constant for managing the vehicles in effective ways and also to provide uninterrupted communication between the vehicles. An algorithm for Effective Cluster Head Election (ECHE) is also derived in this paper for proficiently handling the frequency variation on the highways. Further, the model is simulated and evaluated on the basis of various metrics of VANET routing, specifically packet loss, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime and throughput. The results show that the proposed mechanism outperforms the results of existing models.

scholarly journals Research of Route Discovery using Proficient Route Encounter Algorithm in MANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 480-485
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Discovery ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Computational Overhead ◽  
Time Period

The objective of the research work is proposed an efficient node to node route discovery in Mobile AD HOC network based on neighboring nodes resent route discovery. MANET is always depends on selected and constant path with extended time period subsequently, and the flexibility of the battery power will be condensed in searching end nodes which roots numerous path failure. In most of the scenario path failure origins consistent route discovery which is normally reduces the efficiency and it will increase the dependency in computational overhead of the nodes in the mobile routing environment .In order to overcome such failure in MANET it is proposed to implementing route discovery methodologiesand it will be done through neighboring nodes with its resent history log which is an efficient factor to reduce delay between nodes and improve consistency comparing with existing system. DSR were experimentally implemented and compared to find the end to end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio between nodes. The proposed work is focused towards effective node discovery through Proficient Route Encounter (PRE) algorithm which minimize the delay and energy resource of the path finding node, time taken to reach its requested node and maximize packet delivery ratio and its energy efficiency.

A Directional Forward Routing Protocol Based on Spray and Wait in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 2442-2446
Author(s):  
Jie Han ◽  
Lun Tang ◽  
Xiao Qin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Buffer Management ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Hoc Networks

In recent years, Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) attracts more and more attention. VANET is a special Mobile Ad Hoc Network, the network suffers from high mobility so that the end-to-end path may not exist all the time. First, this paper proposed the improvement of spray phase, combined with the real situation of VANET. Second, we choose the best performance of neighbor node as next hop in forward phase. Third, it has an available buffer management mechanism to increase packet delivery ratio and reduce the overhead. The Simulation results show that DFSB routing can significantly enhance packet delivery ratio and decrease routing delay.

scholarly journals VANET: Performance Comparison of BNGF Method in Different Vehicular Traffic Scenarios

2013 ◽  
pp. 278-285
Author(s):  
Ram Shringar Raw ◽  
Nanhay Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Greedy Forwarding ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End ◽  
Border Node

A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a wireless ad hoc network that is formed between vehicles on an on demand basis. A lot of research work around the world is being conducted to design the routing protocols for VANETs. In this paper, we examine the significance Greedy Forwarding with Border Node based approach for VANETs to optimize path length between vehicles in different traffic scenarios. This protocol is called Border Node Greedy Forwarding (BNGF) since it uses border nodes with Greedy Forwarding. We categorize BNGF as BNGF-H for highway and BNGF-C for city traffic scenarios. We have simulated this protocol using NS-2 simulator and calculated the performance in terms of end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. We compare both the methods for highway and city traffic scenarios. The result clearly show that the end-to-end delay for BNGF-C is significantly lower and packet delivery ratio is higher than BNGF-H.

Performance Analysis of TCP Variants using AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols in MANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnesh Singh ◽  
Neeta Singh ◽  
Aarti Gautam Dinker
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Hoc Networks

TCP is the most reliable transport layer protocol that provides reliable data delivery from source to destination node. TCP works well in wired networks but it is assumed that TCP is less preferred for ad-hoc networks. However, for application in ad-hoc networks, TCP can be modified to improve its performance. Various researchers have proposed improvised variants of TCP by only one or two measures. These one or two measures do not seem to be sufficient for proper analysis of improvised version of TCP. So, in this paper, the performance of different TCP versions is investigated with DSDV and AODV routing Protocols. We analyzed various performance measures such as throughput, delay, packet drop, packet delivery ratio and number of acknowledgements. The simulation results are carried out by varying number of nodes in network simulator tool NS2. It is observed that TCP Newreno achieved higher throughput and packet delivery ratio with both AODV and DSDV routing protocols.Whereas TCP Vegas achieved minimum delay and packet loss with both DSDV and AODV protocol. However TCP sack achieved minimum acknowledgment with both AODV and DSDV routing protocols. In this paper the comparison of all these TCP variants shows that TCP Newreno provides better performance with both AODV and DSDV protocols.

scholarly journals A Framework and Mathematical Modeling for the Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network Routing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostofa Kamal Nasir ◽  
Rafidah Md. Noor ◽  
Mohsin Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are getting growing interest as they are expected to play crucial role in making safer, smarter, and more efficient transportation networks. Due to unique characteristics such as sparse topology and intermittent connectivity, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing in VANET becomes an inherent choice and is challenging. However, most of the existing DTN protocols do not accurately discover potential neighbors and, hence, appropriate intermediate nodes for packet transmission. Moreover, these protocols cause unnecessary overhead due to excessive beacon messages. To cope with these challenges, this paper presents a novel framework and an Adaptive Geographical DTN Routing (AGDR) for vehicular DTNs. AGDR exploits node position, current direction, speed, and the predicted direction to carefully select an appropriate intermediate node. Direction indicator light is employed to accurately predict the vehicle future direction so that the forwarding node can relay packets to the desired destination. Simulation experiments confirm the performance supremacy of AGDR compared to contemporary schemes in terms of packet delivery ratio, overhead, and end-to-end delay. Simulation results demonstrate that AGDR improves the packet delivery ratio (5–7%), reduces the overhead (1–5%), and decreases the delay (up to 0.02 ms). Therefore, AGDR improves route stability by reducing the frequency of route failures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document