scholarly journals Study on Simulation of Biomass Gasification for Syngas Production in a Fixed Bed Reactor

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
Bedewi Bilal ◽  
M. RaviKumar ◽  
Solomon Workneh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Reactor Volume ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Temperature ◽  
Lower Heating

This study was focusing on the simulation of the biomass (coffee bean husk and rice husk) gasification process based on the kinetics of the gasifier and to investigate the produced syngas composition. The ASPEN PLUS simulator was used to investigate the effect of operating parameters on composition of product gas. The gasification process usually begins with the drying process, and then followed by pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process leads to breaking down of the biomass into solid matter, gaseous mixture (mainly CO2, CO, CH4 and H2) and liquid matter. The main focus on biomass gasification process is to efficiently convert the entire char constituent into gaseous product of the syngas by using either steam or CO2. The simulations include; gasification temperature, pressure, reactor volume, Equivalence ratio and moisture content have been investigated. From the result of sensitivity analysis increase the temperature the production of H2 and CO and the increase of moisture content of the biomass the lower heating value of the producer gas decrease. Based on the obtained result the maximum lower heating value of syngas was obtained at the gasification temperature of 8000C, steam to biomass ratio of 0.1, pressure of 1 bar, 0.05 of moisture content and 0.02 m3 of reactor volume.

scholarly journals The Technological Investigations Of Manufacturing Of Energy Chips

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ziedonis Miklašēvičs
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating

The methodology in Latvia forest industry provide to determine the quality of energy chips only in long- term storage places before selling. Due to the lack of hard empirical data about the quality parameters of energy chips in different phases of manufacturing process, this research paper consists of: - the identification and analyses of the factors that influenced the values of energy chips quality features such as: bulk density, moisture content, ash content, higher and lower heating value according to actual moisture content and per dry mass of the chips; - the methodology for determination the quality parameters of energy chips by analysis the wood moisture content and by choice the method of the manufacturing of energy chips.

The heating value of gas obtained from biomass gasification: A new method for its calculation or prediction

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bomprezzi ◽  
P Pierpaoli ◽  
R Raffaelli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Empirical Correlation ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The One ◽  
Lower Heating

An empirical correlation is presented for calculating the lower heating value (LHV) of gases obtained from the gasification of the most common types of biomass. Four types of equation are considered (polynomial, power, exponential, and logarithmic), all containing the process temperature (maximum) parameter; they were obtained by interpolating experimental data available in the literature on the volumetric composition of the gas discharged by gasifiers. On the strength of a statistical analysis, it emerged that although all four were valid within the temperature range considered, the polynomial correlation was the one that came closest to the experimental values.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI BRIKET BIOMASSA KULIT KACANG TANAH DAN ARANG TONGKOL JAGUNG TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnawarman Purnawarman ◽  
Nurchayati Nurchayati ◽  
Yesung Allo Padang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Petroleum Reserves ◽  
Lower Heating

Energy crisis in the world especially from fossil fuels which caused by the depletion of non-renewable petroleum reserves. It is therefore necessary to find sources of alternative fuels that are renewable. Biomass is a solid waste that can be used as a fuels source. Peanuts shell and cobs are biomass from agricultural waste which is quite abundant so it is potential to be used as a source of alternative fuels.In this study, peanuts shell biomass combined with charcoal cobs to be made into briquettes by varying the percentage composition of peanuts shell biomass and charcoal cobs as follows 75 : 25, 50 : 50, and 25 : 75. Briquettes that have been printed and then tested its characteristic include heating value, moisture content and ash content.The results show that as the increasing percentage of the charcoal cobs  have a significant influence on the characteristic of the briquettes. Briquettes with mix KKT 25 : ATJ 75 has an higher heating value (HHV) and lower heating value (LHV) the highest is equal to 28.718 kJ/kg and 28.279 kJ/kg, and the lowest percentage of moisture content is equal to 5.854%, but the highest result percentage of ash content is equal to 9.326%. Based on the test of these characteristic, biomass briquettes peanuts shell - charcoal cobs meet quality standards that have been established and eligible to became a source of alternative fuels.

Design of a High Temperature Chamber FED by a Plasma Torch for Thermal Removal of Tars

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Fourcault ◽  
Fre´de´ric Marias ◽  
Ulysse Michon
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Incoming Stream ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Biomass is one of the most important sources of renewable energy. One aim of Biomass gasification is to convert a solid feedstock into a valuable syngas for electricity or liquid fuel production. Actual industrial auto-thermal gasification processes achieve a production of syngas mainly polluted by products such as dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and tars. Tars remain, one of the main drawbacks in using the gasification process since they are capable of condensing at low temperature. This could lead to fouling, corrosion, attrition and abrasion of downstream devices such as gas turbines or engines. Tars are often removed from the syngas, decreasing the internal energy of the syngas itself. These tars are heavy aromatic hydrocarbons whose treatment remains difficult by thermal, catalytic or even physical methods. They can condense or polymerize into more complex structures, and the mechanisms responsible for their degradation are not completely identified and understood. Turboplasma© is a thermal process, proposed by Europlasma. The main principle of operation relies on the use of thermal plasma for the cracking of tars inside a syngas produced in an auto-thermal gasification step. Basically, it consists of a degradation chamber where the syngas is heated by a plasma torch. The plasma plume provides a high temperature gas (around 5000K) to the system and enables heating of the incoming stream (above 1300K) and also generates high temperature zones (above 1600 K) inside the device. Due to both high temperature and long residence times of the syngas in the vessel, cracking of the tars occurs. Finally, the species released are mainly CO and H2, leading to an increase in the Lower Heating Value of the syngas. The work presented here describes the design of a high temperature gasification system assisted by thermal plasma. It was performed using a CFD computation implemented with a full chemical model for the thermal degradation of tars. The objectives were to understand the aerodynamic behavior of the vessel and to propose enhancement in its design. We present here some results of this study.

scholarly journals Simulation of Cotton Stalks for Syngas Generation Using CO2 and Air as Gasifying Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
Ghulamullah Maitlo ◽  
Rasool Bux Mahar ◽  
Khan Mohammad Brohi
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Entrained Flow ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Entrained Flow Gasifier ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Lower Heating

Gasification of coal and biomass using CO2 and air mixture as a carrier gas offers an encouraging way to eliminate the shortage of energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In the present study, the EulerianLagrangian approach was applied to understand the thermochemical conversion behavior of feedstock in entrained flow gasifier. Commercial CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code ANSYS FLUENT®14 was used for the simulation purpose. It was observed that with variation in the CO2 in the air and the CO2 to cotton stalk ratio had a meaningful effect on gasification performance. The different ratios of air and CO2 in varying percentages such as 20% CO2, 30% CO2, 40% CO2, 50% CO2, 60% CO2, 70% CO2 and remaining percentages of air were introduced in entrained flow gasifier. With the increase in CO2 to cotton stalk ratio, the concentration of H2 and CO2 decreased whereas as the concentration of CO improved. It is revealed that mole fraction of CO and CH4 attained maximum when CO2% in the air was 50% and H2 mole fraction was observed maximum at a CO2% in the air was 30%. At 50% CO2 mixture in air, the maximum lower heating value and cold gas efficiency were observed. Therefore, the optimum situation might be 50% percentage CO2 in the gasifying agent for this entrained flow gasifier. Hence an increase in CO and H2, the cold gas efficiency and lower heating value reached the maximum. However, this study provides an appropriate route for energy production using cotton stalks as raw material and will help in designing and operation of the entrained flow reactor. The simulations indicate the thermodynamic limits of gasification and allow for the formulation of the general principles ruling this process. Moreover, no literature is available for the parametric investigations of Pakistani biomass gasification using entrained-flow gasifier. So this is a novel work for Pakistan and will be treated as foundation work for biomass gasification in the country.

scholarly journals Coal and Biomass Pyrolysis and Gasification – A Review

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ngaha Tiedeu William ◽  
Adipah Sylvia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Char Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Paper Cover ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Lower Heating

In order to advance the research on using new techniques to produce clean and affordable               energy, many gasification experiments have been conducted on different feedstocks and                      the results have been analyzed. Two promising feedstocks which in the future could help to meet the energy demand are coal and biomass. In this paper, we have collected deep insightful information about the processes of coal and biomass gasification and then compared them. The information contained in this paper cover coal and biomass properties, the devolatization process and the reactions occurring during char gasification. The contrast analysis which has been conducted showed for instance that biomass’ higher atomic ratio (H/C, O/C) was the cause of its lower heating value in comparison to coal; carbon conversion values for biomass was significantly higher compared to coal, and during the gasification process, coal feedstock released significantly higher pollutant gases (like H2S) than biomass. In the end, we also presented some innovative technologies that are now developed in the gasification field and which have proven to be highly efficient.

scholarly journals Effects of Steam Injection and Stochiometry on Cyclone Gasification of Wood Powder

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fredriksson ◽  
Bengt Degerman ◽  
Björn Kjellström
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Mass Flows ◽  
Equilibrium Calculations ◽  
Gasification Temperature ◽  
Lower Heating

Atmospheric gasification of wood powder in a cyclone has been studied. A cyclone gasifier has been designed where the wood powder is injected into the cyclone with air or air/steam as transport media. The effects of stochiometry and steam injection on the gasification temperature and gas composition are investigated. The experimental results are compared with theoretical equilibrium calculations. The fuel flow has been 26 kg/h corresponding to a thermal input of 140 kW. Equivalence ratio was varied between 0.15 and 0.4. Wood powder has been injected with steam mass flows of 50–80% of the fuel flow. The gas from the cyclone gasifier was analysed regarding CO, H2, CH4 and CO2. The lower heating value of the gas varies between 4 and 6 MJ/Nm3 with lower values for steam injected gasification. Compared to theoretical calculations the air/steam injected measurements showed better agreement with equilibrium predictions than only air injection.

scholarly journals Willow Biomass as Energy Feedstock: The Effect of Habitat, Genotype and Harvest Rotation on Thermophysical Properties and Elemental Composition

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4130
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski ◽  
Michał Krzyżaniak ◽  
Kazimierz Warmiński ◽  
Dariusz Załuski ◽  
Ewelina Olba-Zięty
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
Lower Heating

Willow biomass is used as a bioenergy source in various conversion technologies. It is noteworthy that apart from the beneficial environmental impact of a willow plantation, the biomass quality is also very important as it has an impact on the effectiveness of its use and emissions produced in various bioenergy technologies. Therefore, this study analysed the thermophysical properties and elemental composition of 15 genotypes of willow biomass from two plantations situated in the north of Poland, harvested in two consecutive three-year rotations. The differences in the moisture content, ash content and the lower heating value were mainly determined by the genotype, i.e., by genetic factors. In contrast, the content of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen was determined by the location (environmental factors), but also by the genotype, and by a combination of these factors. The following were the mean levels of the willow biomass characteristics, regardless of the location, genotype and harvest rotation: 48.9% moisture content, 1.26% d.m. ash content, 19.4% d.m. fixed carbon, 79.4% d.m. volatile matter, 19.53 MJ kg−1 d.m. higher heating value, 8.20 MJ kg−1 lower heating value, 52.90% d.m. carbon, 6.23% d.m. hydrogen, 0.032% d.m. sulphur, 0.42% d.m. nitrogen. The present research has shown that the selection of the willow genotype is important for the quality of biomass as energy feedstock. However, plantation location, as well as successive harvest rotations, can have a significant impact on the biomass elemental composition.

scholarly journals Combustion Study of Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers and Diesel Blend Fuels on an Optical Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Jingjing He ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Bin Xie ◽  
Quanwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Soot Formation ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) are a newly appeared promising oxygenated alternative that can greatly reduce soot emissions of diesel engines. The combustion characteristics of the PODE and diesel blends (the blending ratios of PODE are 0%, 20%, 50% and 100% by volume, respectively) are investigated based on an optical engine under the injection timings of 6, 9, 12 and 15-degree crank angles before top dead center and injection pressures of 100 MPa, 120 MPa and 140 MPa in this study. The results show that both the ignition delay and combustion duration of the fuels decrease with the increasing of PODE ratio in the blends. However, in the case of the fuel supply of the optical engine being fixed, the heat release rate, cylinder pressure and temperature of the blend fuels decrease with the PODE addition due to the low lower heating value of PODE. The addition of PODE in diesel can significantly reduce the integrated natural flame luminosity and the soot formation under all injection conditions. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 50% and 100%, the chemical properties of the blends play a leading role in soot formation, while the change of the injection conditions have an inconspicuous effect on it. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 20%, the blend shows excellent characteristics in a comprehensive evaluation of combustion and soot reduction.

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