scholarly journals Willow Biomass as Energy Feedstock: The Effect of Habitat, Genotype and Harvest Rotation on Thermophysical Properties and Elemental Composition

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4130
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski ◽  
Michał Krzyżaniak ◽  
Kazimierz Warmiński ◽  
Dariusz Załuski ◽  
Ewelina Olba-Zięty
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
Lower Heating

Willow biomass is used as a bioenergy source in various conversion technologies. It is noteworthy that apart from the beneficial environmental impact of a willow plantation, the biomass quality is also very important as it has an impact on the effectiveness of its use and emissions produced in various bioenergy technologies. Therefore, this study analysed the thermophysical properties and elemental composition of 15 genotypes of willow biomass from two plantations situated in the north of Poland, harvested in two consecutive three-year rotations. The differences in the moisture content, ash content and the lower heating value were mainly determined by the genotype, i.e., by genetic factors. In contrast, the content of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen was determined by the location (environmental factors), but also by the genotype, and by a combination of these factors. The following were the mean levels of the willow biomass characteristics, regardless of the location, genotype and harvest rotation: 48.9% moisture content, 1.26% d.m. ash content, 19.4% d.m. fixed carbon, 79.4% d.m. volatile matter, 19.53 MJ kg−1 d.m. higher heating value, 8.20 MJ kg−1 lower heating value, 52.90% d.m. carbon, 6.23% d.m. hydrogen, 0.032% d.m. sulphur, 0.42% d.m. nitrogen. The present research has shown that the selection of the willow genotype is important for the quality of biomass as energy feedstock. However, plantation location, as well as successive harvest rotations, can have a significant impact on the biomass elemental composition.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI BRIKET BIOMASSA KULIT KACANG TANAH DAN ARANG TONGKOL JAGUNG TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnawarman Purnawarman ◽  
Nurchayati Nurchayati ◽  
Yesung Allo Padang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Petroleum Reserves ◽  
Lower Heating

Energy crisis in the world especially from fossil fuels which caused by the depletion of non-renewable petroleum reserves. It is therefore necessary to find sources of alternative fuels that are renewable. Biomass is a solid waste that can be used as a fuels source. Peanuts shell and cobs are biomass from agricultural waste which is quite abundant so it is potential to be used as a source of alternative fuels.In this study, peanuts shell biomass combined with charcoal cobs to be made into briquettes by varying the percentage composition of peanuts shell biomass and charcoal cobs as follows 75 : 25, 50 : 50, and 25 : 75. Briquettes that have been printed and then tested its characteristic include heating value, moisture content and ash content.The results show that as the increasing percentage of the charcoal cobs  have a significant influence on the characteristic of the briquettes. Briquettes with mix KKT 25 : ATJ 75 has an higher heating value (HHV) and lower heating value (LHV) the highest is equal to 28.718 kJ/kg and 28.279 kJ/kg, and the lowest percentage of moisture content is equal to 5.854%, but the highest result percentage of ash content is equal to 9.326%. Based on the test of these characteristic, biomass briquettes peanuts shell - charcoal cobs meet quality standards that have been established and eligible to became a source of alternative fuels.

scholarly journals The Technological Investigations Of Manufacturing Of Energy Chips

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ziedonis Miklašēvičs
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating

The methodology in Latvia forest industry provide to determine the quality of energy chips only in long- term storage places before selling. Due to the lack of hard empirical data about the quality parameters of energy chips in different phases of manufacturing process, this research paper consists of: - the identification and analyses of the factors that influenced the values of energy chips quality features such as: bulk density, moisture content, ash content, higher and lower heating value according to actual moisture content and per dry mass of the chips; - the methodology for determination the quality parameters of energy chips by analysis the wood moisture content and by choice the method of the manufacturing of energy chips.

scholarly journals Analisis perbandingan bahan dan jumlah perekat terhadap briket tempurung kelapa dan ampas tebu

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Welly Deglas ◽  
Fransiska Fransiska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Total Ratio ◽  
Plot Design

The aim of this research was to study the effect of comparative analysis of ingredients and the amount of adhesive on the coconut shell charcoal briquettes and bagasse charcoal. This research used Split Plot Design that consisted of two factors. The first factor is the total ratio of coconut shell charcoal and bagasse charcoal and coconut shell charcoal and bagasse charcoal 1: 1 (L1), 1: 2 (L2) and 1: 3 (L3), while the second factor was the amount of sago adhesive as plots section, consisting of: 10% (P1), 20% (P2) and 30% (P3). The parameters analyzed include: heating value, moisture content, ash and volatile matter. The results showed that the amount of adhesive greatly affected the briquette charcoal produced, the addition of the amount of adhesive would reduce the briquette's heating value, as well as the water content, ash content and evaporation rate increased with the addition of the amount of adhesive. Comparison of coconut shell charcoal and bagasse charcoal can influence to cause higher levels of volatile matter because the level of sugarcane charcoal volatile matter is higher than coconut shell charcoal which has lower volatile matter levels. Judging from the heating value in this study, the best results in this study were in the treatment of P1L1, namely the ratio of coconut shell charcoal and bagasse 1:1 with the amount of sago adhesive 10% with a heating value 5687.45%.

Relationship between Heating Value and Proximate Analysis of Oil Shale

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Na Pei
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Value Measurement ◽  
Important Significance ◽  
Lower Heating

In this research, experimental samples were from Maoming, Huadian, Wangqing, Fushun and Longkou regions in different layers and different mining area. The experimental results of oil shale proximate analysis and heating value measurement show that there are certain relations between proximate analysis of moisture, ash, fixed carbon, volatile matter and lower heating value. The relations between oil shale lower heating value and proximate analysis have important significance to estimate the average characteristics of oil shale as received and oil shale combustion conditions in boiler.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN MASSA ECENG GONDOK DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA SERTA KADAR PEREKAT TAPIOKA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Iriany ◽  
Meliza ◽  
Firman Abednego S. Sibarani ◽  
Irvan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Volatile Matter Content

The purpose of this research is to know the characteristics of briquettes including ash content, moisture content, volatile matter content, heating value, density, burning rate, tensile strength and to know the proper ratio of water hyacinth and coconut shell mixture under tapioca gluten variation. The ratios of water hyacinth and coconut shell in this research were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 with variation of tapioca gluten 5%, 10%, and 15% of the raw materials. From this research, the ideal composition of briquette is obtain in a mixture of water hyacinth and coconut shell at a ratio of 1:4 with tapioca gluten 10%, ash content 9.718%, moisture content 1.374%, volatile  matter content 14.814%, heating value 6,879.596 cal/g, density 0.983 g/cm3, burning rate 3.021 × 10-3 g/second and tensile strength 18.400 g/cm2.

scholarly journals Study on Simulation of Biomass Gasification for Syngas Production in a Fixed Bed Reactor

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
Bedewi Bilal ◽  
M. RaviKumar ◽  
Solomon Workneh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Reactor Volume ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Temperature ◽  
Lower Heating

This study was focusing on the simulation of the biomass (coffee bean husk and rice husk) gasification process based on the kinetics of the gasifier and to investigate the produced syngas composition. The ASPEN PLUS simulator was used to investigate the effect of operating parameters on composition of product gas. The gasification process usually begins with the drying process, and then followed by pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process leads to breaking down of the biomass into solid matter, gaseous mixture (mainly CO2, CO, CH4 and H2) and liquid matter. The main focus on biomass gasification process is to efficiently convert the entire char constituent into gaseous product of the syngas by using either steam or CO2. The simulations include; gasification temperature, pressure, reactor volume, Equivalence ratio and moisture content have been investigated. From the result of sensitivity analysis increase the temperature the production of H2 and CO and the increase of moisture content of the biomass the lower heating value of the producer gas decrease. Based on the obtained result the maximum lower heating value of syngas was obtained at the gasification temperature of 8000C, steam to biomass ratio of 0.1, pressure of 1 bar, 0.05 of moisture content and 0.02 m3 of reactor volume.

scholarly journals Combustion Study of Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers and Diesel Blend Fuels on an Optical Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Jingjing He ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Bin Xie ◽  
Quanwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Soot Formation ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) are a newly appeared promising oxygenated alternative that can greatly reduce soot emissions of diesel engines. The combustion characteristics of the PODE and diesel blends (the blending ratios of PODE are 0%, 20%, 50% and 100% by volume, respectively) are investigated based on an optical engine under the injection timings of 6, 9, 12 and 15-degree crank angles before top dead center and injection pressures of 100 MPa, 120 MPa and 140 MPa in this study. The results show that both the ignition delay and combustion duration of the fuels decrease with the increasing of PODE ratio in the blends. However, in the case of the fuel supply of the optical engine being fixed, the heat release rate, cylinder pressure and temperature of the blend fuels decrease with the PODE addition due to the low lower heating value of PODE. The addition of PODE in diesel can significantly reduce the integrated natural flame luminosity and the soot formation under all injection conditions. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 50% and 100%, the chemical properties of the blends play a leading role in soot formation, while the change of the injection conditions have an inconspicuous effect on it. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 20%, the blend shows excellent characteristics in a comprehensive evaluation of combustion and soot reduction.

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