scholarly journals Tatalaksana karsinoma sel skuamosa kanalis akustikus eksternus

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ratna Dwi Restuti ◽  
Iman Pradana Maryadi ◽  
Rangga Rayendra Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Literature Study

Latar belakang: Keganasan pada kanalis akustikus eksternus (KAE) merupakan kasus yang jarang terjadi, kurang dari 0,2 % dari seluruh keganasan pada regio kepala dan leher. Secara histologis, karsinoma sel skuamosa merupakan jenis karsinoma terbanyak, terjadi pada 80% kasus. Karsinoma sel skuamosa KAE masih menjadi tantangan bagi praktisi medis dalam mendiagnosis dan menatalaksana. Tujuan: Hingga saat ini, belum ada algoritma yang spesifik dalam menatalaksana kasus ini, sehingga membutuhkan pengetahuan yang mendalam mengenai anatomi dan teknik pembedahan, serta ditunjang dengan adanya tim multidisiplin dalam menangani kasus keganasan KAE. Laporan kasus: Tulisan ini melaporkan 4 kasus pasien karsinoma sel skuamosa KAE yang menjalani bermacam modalitas tatalaksana dengan keluaran yang bervariasi. Metode: Telaah literatur berbasis bukti mengenai tatalaksana karsinoma sel skuamosa KAE melalui database Cochrane dan Pubmed Medline. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi didapatkan satu jurnal yang relevan dengan kasus yang dilaporkan. Hasil: Karsinoma sel skuamosa liang telinga terutama ditatalaksana dengan terapi pembedahan. Modalitas tambahan yang dapat diberikan adalah kemoterapi dan radioterapi. Terapi pembedahan seringkali meninggalkan defek yang besar sehingga memerlukan tindakan rekonstruksi. Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana karsinoma sel skuamosa KAE seringkali membutuhkan pendekatan multidisiplin dan kompleks terutama pada kasus stadium lanjut. Angka harapan hidup yang lebih baik akan dicapai dengan mendiagnosis dan menatalaksana kasus ini secara dini. Background: Cancer of the external auditory canal (EAC) is a rare tumor, representing less than 0.2% of all head and neck cancers. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma comprises more than 80% of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the EAC is still a therapeutic challenge for medical specialists in its diagnosis and management. Purpose: Up to date, there is no specific treatment guidelines available due to SCC low incidence. The attending physician must have asubstantial knowledge of literatures as well as anatomy and surgical techniques, supported by an appropriate cancer center with adequate multidisciplinary team to offer the best therapy in accordance with the needs of the cancer clinical stages. Cases: This paper reports 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the EAC which underwent various treatment modalities, and yielded also various outcomes. Method: Evidence based literature study about squamous cell carcinoma of EAC was performed through Cochrane and Pubmed Medline database. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, one study was found relevant to these cases. Results: The particular choice of SCC management of EAC is surgery, yet SCC of the EAC requires additional modalities such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgery often leaves a large defect which requires a reconstructive procedure. Conclusion: Cancer of EAC management requires a multidisciplinary approach, especially it is more complex in the advanced stage of SCC. An early stage diagnosis and prompt management will lead to a better survival rate. 

Mixed Neuroendocrine-Nonneuroendocrine Carcinoma Arising in the Gallbladder: A Rare Case of a Three-Component Composite Neoplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S121-S121
Author(s):  
Mouyed Alawad ◽  
Scott Schoninger ◽  
Raavi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Component ◽  
Gross Examination

Abstract Introduction Neuroendocrine gallbladder neoplasms are rare, comprising 0.5% of all neuroendocrine cancers and about 2% of gallbladder cancers. Interestingly, those neoplasms can also be observed along with other malignant components of epithelial origin, mostly adenocarcinomas. Herein we report an unusual case of a patient with a gallbladder neoplasm composed of a neuroendocrine carcinoma, a squamous cell carcinoma, and an adenocarcinoma. Methods The patient was a 62-year-old woman who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain with a positive Murphy’s sign on physical examination. She was clinically diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and underwent cholecystectomy. Gross examination showed a 5-cm exophytic mass at the gallbladder fundus. Histopathologic examination of the mass showed an infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma and an adjacent high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma; each of these two components composed more than 30% of the neoplasm and infiltrated into the perimuscular connective tissue with no serosal involvement. Additionally, a superficial adenocarcinoma component was also seen composing 10% of the neoplasm. The squamous cell carcinoma showed moderate differentiation with areas of keratinization; it was positive for Ck7, p40, and p63. The neuroendocrine carcinoma showed areas of geographic necrosis, and the cells had inconspicuous nucleoli and granular chromatin, with numerous mitotic figures; it was positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin. The adenocarcinoma showed gland formation with mucicarmine stain, highlighting the mucin within the neoplastic cells; it was positive for Ck7 but negative for p40. Subsequently, the patient underwent resection of the liver bed, which was negative for metastasis, and was then referred for chemotherapy. Conclusion Our review of the literature revealed seven documented cases of three-component gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms. Generally, patients with these tumors have a poor prognosis, and due to their rarity, no specific treatment guidelines have yet been established. It has been suggested that a multipotent common stem cell is the origin of these tumors.

scholarly journals Research on neck dissection for oral squamous-cell carcinoma: a bibliometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Jiang ◽  
Chenzhou Wu ◽  
Shoushan Hu ◽  
Nailin Liao ◽  
Yingzhao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Depth Of Invasion

AbstractNeck dissection for oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a clinically controversial issue and has therefore been the subject of abundant research. However, no one has performed a bibliometric study on this topic to date. The aim of this study was to assess the development of research on neck dissection for OSCC in terms of the historical evolution, current hotspots and future directions, particularly including research trends and frontiers from 2010 to 2019. Literature records related to research on neck dissection for OSCC were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). CiteSpace was used as a tool to perform a bibliometric analysis of this topic. The survey included 2 096 papers. “Otorhinolaryngology” was the most popular research area. The most active institutions and countries were Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the USA, respectively. Shah J.P. was the most cited author. Among the six identified “core journals”, Head & Neck ranked first. The top three trending keywords were ‘invasion’, ‘upper aerodigestive’ and ‘negative neck’. ‘D’Cruz AK (2015)’ was the most cited and the strongest burst reference in the last decade. The study evaluated the effect on survival of elective versus therapeutic neck dissection in patients with lateralized early-stage OSCC. The depth of invasion and the management of N0 OSCC were research frontiers in this field. The present study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on neck dissection for OSCC, which will assist investigators in exploring potential research directions.

Circulating extracellular vesicle-associated TGFβ3 modulates response to cytotoxic therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior ◽  
Soon Sim Tan ◽  
Sai Kiang Lim ◽  
Hui Sun Leong ◽  
Matias Eliseo Melendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cytotoxic Therapy ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Management of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) requires a multi-prong approach comprising surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy, yet outcomes are limited. This is largely due to a paucity of biomarkers that can predict response to specific treatment modalities. Here, we evaluated TGFβ3 protein levels in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by HNSCC cells as a predictor for response to chemoradiation therapy (CRT). To this end, specific EV-fractions were isolated from cell lines or HNSCC patient plasma, and TGFβ3 protein was quantified. In patients treated with CRT, TGFβ3 levels were found to be significantly higher in plasma EV-fractions or non-responders compared with responders. High levels of TGFβ3 levels in Annexin V-EVs were associated with the worst progression-free survival. In vitro experiments demonstrated that TGFβ3 silencing sensitized HNSCC cells to cytotoxic therapies, and this phenotype could be rescued by treatment with exogenous. In addition, specific EV-fractions shed by cisplatin-resistant cells were sufficient to transfer the resistant phenotype to sensitive cells through activation of TGFβ-signaling pathway. Therefore, our data show that TGFβ3 transmitted through EV plays a significant role in response to cytotoxic therapy, which can be exploited as a potential biomarker for CRT response in HNSCC patients treated with curative intent.

Management of Parotid Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Regional Recurrence Rates and Survival

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Hirshoren ◽  
Olivia Ruskin ◽  
Lachlan J. McDowell ◽  
Matthew Magarey ◽  
Stephen Kleid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regional Recurrence ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

Objectives Extent of parotidectomy and neck dissection for metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) to the parotid is debated. We describe our experience, analyzing outcomes (overall survival and regional recurrence) associated with surgical extent and adjuvant treatment. Study Design A retrospective cohort study of parotidectomy with or without neck dissection for metastatic cSCC. Setting A tertiary referral cancer center in Australia. Subjects and Methods The study group consisted of patients with metastatic cSCC involving the parotid gland who underwent a curative-intent parotidectomy (superficial or total), with or without neck dissection, between 2003 and 2014. Demographic and clinical data, treatment modalities, and outcome parameters were collected from the electronic institutional database. Results Of 78 patients, 65 underwent superficial parotidectomy. Median follow-up was 6.5 years. Sixty-four patients (82%) patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Cervical lymph nodes were involved in 6 (24%) elective neck dissections. Involved preauricular, facial, external jugular, and occipital nodes occurred in 36.9%. Adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with improved 5-year survival—50% (95% CI, 36%-69%) versus 20% (95% CI, 6%-70%)—and improved 2-year regional control: 89% (95% CI, 67%-100%) versus 40% (95% CI, 14%-100%). The ipsilateral parotid bed recurrence rate was 3.7% for those who received adjuvant radiotherapy and 27% for those who did not receive radiotherapy. Conclusion This study supports surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy as a standard of care for metastatic cSCC. The low incidence of parotid bed recurrence with this approach suggests that routine elective deep lobe resection may not be required.

scholarly journals Oncological outcomes in the management of cT1-T2 cN0 penile squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Garisto ◽  
Madhur Nayan ◽  
Kamel Fadaak ◽  
Kathy Li ◽  
Advait Pandya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Organ Preservation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oncological Outcome ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Tertiary Center

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis is a rare disease comprising 1% of all male cancer. Options for the management of cT1-T2 cN0 penile SCC include partial penectomy (PP), considered the standard, and brachytherapy (BT), which offers acceptable local disease control and organ preservation. The purpose of our study was to assess and describe the oncological outcome for both treatments in a tertiary care center. Methods: We performed a contemporary retrospective study of patients with early-stage penile cancer treated surgically or by BT at a tertiary center between 2000 and 2016. Demographic, management, and followup data were obtained from an institutional database. Descriptive statistics and survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier plots were calculated. Local and regional recurrences were compared in both groups (BT vs. PP). Results: A total of 51 patients with cT1-T2N0 penile SCC treated with BT (35) and PP (16) were analyzed. Median followup was 37.1 (13.9–68) and 25.4 months (18–52.3) for the BT and PP group, respectively. Recurrence developed in seven (20%) patients treated with BT. Median time to recurrence was 35.2 months (range 2.9–95.8). No recurrences were reported in patients treated with PP. Forty-four (86.2%) patients were alive with no evidence of disease at the last followup. Overall survival was 62.7%. Complications after primary tumor treatment were urethral stenosis (15.7%), penile necrosis (7.8%), and local infection (2%). Conclusions: PP provides acceptable local control with organ preservation in early-stage penile SCC. BT was able to offer organ preservation in 69% of men. Future prospective studies are needed to compare other organ-conserving treatment modalities with PP.

scholarly journals A nomogram to predict lymph node metastasis risk for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Duan ◽  
Xiaobin Shang ◽  
Jie Yue ◽  
Zhao Ma ◽  
Chuangui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Derivation Cohort ◽  
Node Metastasis

Abstract Background A nomogram was developed to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) for patients with early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods We used the clinical data of ESCC patients with pathological T1 stage disease who underwent surgery from January 2011 to June 2018 to develop a nomogram model. Multivariable logistic regression was used to confirm the risk factors for variable selection. The risk of LNM was stratified based on the nomogram model. The nomogram was validated by an independent cohort which included early ESCC patients underwent esophagectomy between July 2018 and December 2019. Results Of the 223 patients, 36 (16.1%) patients had LNM. The following three variables were confirmed as LNM risk factors and were included in the nomogram model: tumor differentiation (odds ratio [OR] = 3.776, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.515–9.360, p = 0.004), depth of tumor invasion (OR = 3.124, 95% CI 1.146–8.511, p = 0.026), and tumor size (OR = 2.420, 95% CI 1.070–5.473, p = 0.034). The C-index was 0.810 (95% CI 0.742–0.895) in the derivation cohort (223 patients) and 0.830 (95% CI 0.763–0.902) in the validation cohort (80 patients). Conclusions A validated nomogram can predict the risk of LNM via risk stratification. It could be used to assist in the decision-making process to determine which patients should undergo esophagectomy and for which patients with a low risk of LNM, curative endoscopic resection would be sufficient.

scholarly journals Clinical analysis of 12 cases of ovarian cystic mature teratoma with malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098154
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Yan Kong ◽  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Zhumei Cui
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Mature Teratoma ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Palpable Mass

Objective This study aimed to examine the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors in 12 cases of malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO). Methods We performed a retrospective study of 12 patients with malignant transformation of MCTO who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2003 to 2019. We examined case records, clinical parameters, and biological assessments. Results The median age of the patients was 56.5 years and seven of them were postmenopausal. The average tumor size was 18.5 cm. All patients had pelvic masses at their first hospital visit. Nine of the patients had discomfort in the lower abdomen, two presented with a lower abdominal palpable mass, and three were complicated by fever. The median follow-up time was 73 months (12‒193 months). Ten patients survived with a disease-free status and two died. Conclusions There is a low incidence of malignant transformation of MCTO, and its most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma. Age and tumor size are important factors in malignant transformation of teratomas. While there is a lack of treatment guidelines for malignant transformation of MCTO, early diagnosis and treatment may be beneficial for these patients.

scholarly journals The REASON score: an epigenetic and clinicopathologic score to predict risk of poor survival in patients with early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi T. Viet ◽  
Gary Yu ◽  
Kesava Asam ◽  
Carissa M. Thomas ◽  
Angela J. Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death

Abstract Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a capricious cancer with poor survival rates, even for early-stage patients. There is a pressing need to develop more precise risk assessment methods to appropriately tailor clinical treatment. Genome-wide association studies have not produced a viable biomarker. However, these studies are limited by using heterogeneous cohorts, not focusing on methylation although OSCC is a heavily epigenetically-regulated cancer, and not combining molecular data with clinicopathologic data for risk prediction. In this study we focused on early-stage (I/II) OSCC and created a risk score called the REASON score, which combines clinicopathologic characteristics with a 12-gene methylation signature, to predict the risk of 5-year mortality. Methods We combined data from an internal cohort (n = 515) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 58). We collected clinicopathologic data from both cohorts to derive the non-molecular portion of the REASON score. We then analyzed the TCGA cohort DNA methylation data to derive the molecular portion of the risk score. Results 5-year disease specific survival was 63% for the internal cohort and 86% for the TCGA cohort. The clinicopathologic features with the highest predictive ability among the two the cohorts were age, race, sex, tobacco use, alcohol use, histologic grade, stage, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and margin status. This panel of 10 non-molecular features predicted 5-year mortality risk with a concordance (c)-index = 0.67. Our molecular panel consisted of a 12-gene methylation signature (i.e., HORMAD2, MYLK, GPR133, SOX8, TRPA1, ABCA2, HGFAC, MCPH1, WDR86, CACNA1H, RNF216, CCNJL), which had the most significant differential methylation between patients who survived vs. died by 5 years. All 12 genes have already been linked to survival in other cancers. Of the genes, only SOX8 was previously associated with OSCC; our study was the first to link the remaining 11 genes to OSCC survival. The combined molecular and non-molecular panel formed the REASON score, which predicted risk of death with a c-index = 0.915. Conclusions The REASON score is a promising biomarker to predict risk of mortality in early-stage OSCC patients. Validation of the REASON score in a larger independent cohort is warranted.

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