scholarly journals THE ROLE OF TRANSNATIONAL COMPANIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MACHINE BUILDING IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
O. Liahovska
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Transnational Companies

scholarly journals Trayectorias productivas y tecnología ambiental en la industria maquiladora electrónica de Tijuana

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto García Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Environmental Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Network ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Manufacturing Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
Environmental Decision

Resumen:El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar los fa c t o res de aprendizaje y de competencias involucrados en la selección, introducción y puesta en práctica de tecnologías ambientales en las empresas filiales electrónicas de Tijuana. La pregunta central que se pretende responder en esta investigación es: ¿De qué manera la evolución de competencias productivas de las filiales transnacionales condiciona la introducción y puesta en marcha de tecnologías ambientales? En virtud de que la industria maquiladora de exportación electrónica en Tijuana ha experimentado diferentes fases de evolución productiva, la hipótesis de este documento establece que la capacidad, habilidad y necesidad de incorporar tecnologías ambientales se encuentra asociada con el nivel de conocimiento manufacturero y el rol de la empresa filial dentro de su red corporativa. Este trabajo muestra algunos resultados del proyecto de investigación del mismo título, desarrollado entre los meses de enero y agosto de 1998. El estudio abarcó una muestra de 12 empresas, que fueron seleccionadas y clasificadas en tres momentos de evolución productiva a partir de los trabajos de Alonso y Carrillo (1996) y Contreras et al. (1996). El análisis de trayectorias productivas en relación con el medio ambiente identifica los factores principales involucrados en la selección, introducción y aplicación de tecnologías ambientales, con los cuales enriquecemos el contexto de decisiones productivas y ambientales propuestas por nuestro modelo hipotético.Palabras clave: Electrónica, Industria maquiladora, Tijuana, Tecnologías ambientales, Conocimiento manufacturero. Abstract:The main objective of this study is to analyze the learning and competency factors involved in the selection, introduction, and implementation of environmental technologies in electronic plants from Tijuana. The central question addressed is as follows: In which way do the evolution of productive competencies of the transnational companies affect the introduction and implementation of environmental technologies? Given the fact that the maquiladora industry of electronic exportation in Tijuana has experienced different faces of productive evolution, the hypothesis of this document is that the cap a city, skill, and need to incorporate environmental technologies are associated to manufacturing knowledge level and the role of the subsidiary within its corporate network . We show some findings as a part of the research projectlabeled as this essay, which was carried out from January to August 1998.The study encompassed a twelve-plants sampling, selected and classified in three stage of productive evolution following Alonso y Carrillo (1996) and Contreras et al. (1996) . The analysis of productive trajectories identifies the mains factors involved in selecting, introducing and implementing environmental technologies. This allow to enrich the context of productive and environmental decision making proposed by our hypotetical model.Key words: Electronics, Export-oriented industry, Tijuana, Environmental technologies, Manufacture knowledge.

scholarly journals Tourism and international business: The theoretical approach and practical experiences

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Dobrica Jovicic ◽  
Marko Stojiljkovic
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Business ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Practical Experiences

The paper discusses the relationships between tourism and international business. The research is based upon combining various theoretical concepts, significant empirical experiences and own attitudes of the authors. The key conclusion of the paper is that, despite of the partial progress in understanding tourism businesses, the relationships between tourism and international business need additional stimulus. In other words, more complete research in the related domains is needed in future. Any understanding of tourism is inadequate without appreciating the contributions that international business might bring, yet at the same time international business is incomplete in its coverage of international trade unless tourism is considered. The consumption-driven agenda of much tourism research has been favoured over supply-side discourses of the production process it self. That is why the role of major transnational companies, setting the trends that other types of firms in the tourism sector follow is focused in the paper.

scholarly journals Multinational (Transnational) Companies as Subjects of Public International Law // Multinacionalne (transnacionalne) kompanije kao subjekti međunarodnog javnog prava

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Boris Krivokapić
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Legal Capacity ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
The One ◽  
International Legal Personality

The paper deals with international legal status of multinational (transnational) companies. The first part gives an overview of this entities and the specifics of their role in the modern world.In the second part, the author deals with the elements of international legal personality of multinational (transnational) companies. Such as international legal regulation of the position of these entities, their specific rights and obligations under international law, international responsibility, process subjectivity before certain international judicial bodies and the special relationship (partnership) with international organizations. It should be added that not only that international law acknowledges their existence, but also multinational companies themselves at least in part influence the development of that law.In the concluding remarks the author notes that multinational (transnational) companies do not have all the elements of a full international personality, the one that is inherent to states. However, even if not complete their personality is beyond doubt. Although between them, depending on the case, there are major differences, there is no dispute that, from the perspective of international law, at least some multinational companies have the legal capacity (the ability to be the holder of a larger or smaller circle of rights and obligations established by international law), legal capacity (the ability to conclude international agreements, create international custom, etc.), tort capacity (the ability to provide for the legal bears responsibility for violating the norms of international law), process capability (active and passive legitimacy before some international courts), etc. In all likelihood, along with the expected further strengthening of the economic, but also political and every other power and role of the companies themselves, their international personality will also become more and more developed, At one point this will require global (universal) agreement which would precisely define rights, but, in particular, the duties and responsibilities of these entities.

scholarly journals The influence of technology transfer on the formation of the innovative potential of the machine-building industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Olga Vorontsova ◽  
Igor Savon ◽  
Svetlana Gritzunova
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Innovative Economy

The article attempts to substantiate the role of technology transfer in the process of formation of competitive advantages of Russia in international markets. The prospects of using the transfer of foreign technologies as a measure for the formation of the innovative economy of Russia and its regions are considered. One of such prospects is the solution of the problem of import substitution and development of own scientific and technical projects.

Growth and Structural Changes in the Chinese Machine-building Industry, 1952–1966

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 26-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Yuan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Industrial Output ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Chinese Industry ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Military Strength ◽  
National Defence

The machine-building industry is one of the newest branches of modern industry in China. Even as late as 1949, machinery accounted for only 2·7 per cent. of the nation's gross industrial output value. Since 1952, however, the industry has been given a high priority in development plans; in official statements, it is often referred to as “the basis for technological transformation of the national economy” and “the pillar of national defence.” By 1966 the relative share of machinery production in total gross industrial output value had increased to 12 per cent., making it one of the most dynamic branches of Chinese industry. A study of this industry not only serves as a gauge of China's potential economic and military strength but also illustrates the role of machine-building in the development of an under-developed economy.

The social context and politics of large scale urban architecture: Investigating the design of Barcode, Oslo

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Andersen ◽  
Per Gunnar Røe
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Class A ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
City Centres

The well-known and much investigated rise of urban entrepreneurial policies has fuelled a transformation of urban spaces and landscapes, and has led to changes in the social composition of city centres. This is the case for Oslo, Norway’s capital, where increasingly urban policies are designed to attract transnational companies and those in the creative class. A key strategy to achieve this has been to transform the city’s waterfront through spectacular architecture and urban design, as has taken place in other European cities. Transnational and local architects have been commissioned to design the Barcode, one of the most striking waterfront projects. This article investigates the role of architecture and architects in this process, because architects can be seen as influential generators of urban spaces and agents for social change, and because there is remarkably little published empirical research on this specific role of architects. It is argued that although there was an overall planning goal that the projects along the waterfront of Oslo should contribute to social sustainability, with the implication that planners and architects possessed information about the local urban context and used this knowledge, in practice this was not the case. It is demonstrated that the architects paid little attention to the social, cultural and economic contexts in their design process. Rather, the architects emphasized the creation of an exciting urban space and, in particular, designed spectacular architecture that would contribute to the merits of the firms involved. It is further argued that because of this the Barcode project will not contribute to the making of a just city.

The Role of Transnational Companies in the Brazilian Defence Tripod

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul De Gouvea Neto
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Defence Industry ◽  
Short Time Span ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Industrialised Countries ◽  
Short Time

Within a short time span Brazil became one of the world's largest producers of defence hardware. In 1987, Brazil was the fifth largest exporter of arms worldwide and the second largest arms producer among the newly industrialised countries (NICs). This article argues that the roots of this rapid development of the Brazilian Defence Industry (BDI) lie in the vital role of multinational companies (MNCs) and in the harmonious tripod orchestrated by the Brazilian government. The State, through its interaction with the Brazilian private sector and with subsidiaries of MNCs, brought together the political support, a supply of funds, the manufacturing capability and technology that are vital in any attempt to establish an indigenous defence industry. Above all, the Brazilian government achieved the balanced coordination of these variables essential for maintaining the dynamics of the industry.

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