scholarly journals Mechanical and Shielding Properties of Concrete Subject to Gamma-ray

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hosein Ghasemzadeh Mosavinejad ◽  
Samira Kazemi Rad
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Protective Material ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Shielding Properties

 In this research, concrete with different percentages of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 of barite powder and 10% of graphite powder were investigated for the study of gamma protective properties. The transmitted fluxes of gamma-rays that were emitted from Cs-137 source were detected by a NaI(Tl) detector and analyzed by an MCA analyzer. Then, the samples were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse wave velocity and the linear attenuation coefficients. By comparing the obtained samples, it was observed that a sample containing 10% barite powder plus 10% graphite powder could be used as a protective material against gamma rays.

BaSO4/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composites for Radiation Shielding

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voranuch Thongpool ◽  
Akapong Phunpueok ◽  
Naris Barnthip ◽  
Sarawut Jaiyen
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Radioactive Source ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shielding Properties

The gamma ray and X-ray shielding properties of PVA containing different proportions of BaSO4 as an aggregate have been investigated. The photon linear attenuation coefficients were measured by using 241Am radioactive source (59.54 keV). Gamma rays were counted by a NaI(Tl) detector. It was found that the shielding efficiency increased when increasing the amount of BaSO4 and specimen thickness. The linear attenuation coefficients were 0.085, 0.125, 0.179, and 0.189 for 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8%w/v of BaSO4. The X-ray attenuation test was performed using the diagnostic X-ray machine for energy of 45 kVp. The optical density of X-ray films was investigated. The results showed that the optical density of X-ray film decreased when increasing the amounts of BaSO4.

Gamma Ray Attenuation Coefficient Measurement in Energies 1172 keV and 1332 keV for Neutron Absorbent Saturated Solutions

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Neutron Absorption ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Neutron Sources ◽  
Coefficient Measurement ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Saturated Solutions

The compounds, Na2B4O7, H3BO3, CdCl2 and NaCl and their solutions, attenuate gamma rays in addition to neutron absorption. These compounds are widely used in shielding of neutron sources, reactor control and neutron converters. Mass attenuation coefficients of gamma related to saturated solutions of the above four compounds, in energies 1172 keV and 1332 keV have been measured by NaI detector and agree very well with the results obtained by Xcom code. Experiment and computation show that, H3BO3 has the highest gamma ray attenuation coefficient among the aforementioned compounds.

Effect of different size of PbWO4 particles on EPDM composite for gamma-ray shielding

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050046
Author(s):  
Jinghui Fan ◽  
Juying Wu ◽  
Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Shielding Properties

Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) composites filled with 0–400 phr [Formula: see text] (PWO) were prepared by conventional process using a two-roll mill. Surface treatment of the fillers coated with KH570 was conducted to enhance the wettability and lubrication of fillers in the polymer matrix. According to SEM images and mechanical test, both micro- and submicro-fillers disperse homogeneously in the matrix, and adhesion of submicro-fillers to the matrix is stronger than that of micro-fillers. The submicro-PWO composites had better tensile strength and elongation at break than those composites containing micro-PWO powder, but a relatively higher hardness. The photon shielding test was performed to determine the radiation shielding properties of these composites, which showed that attenuation of gamma-rays for the submicro-PWO composites was substantially enhanced compared to micro-PWO reinforced composites.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Soybean Oil and Gamma-Ray Cross-linking on the Nanoporous HDPE Membrane

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Seok Park ◽  
Jong-Bae Choi ◽  
Hui-Jeong Gwon ◽  
Youn-Mook Lim ◽  
Myung Seob Khil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Wet Process

A nanoporous high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane was prepared by a wet process. Soybean oil and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were premixed as codiluents, and gamma-rays were used for the cross-linking of HDPE. The pore volume of the nanoporous HDPE membranes with soybean oil was affected by the extracted amount of oil. The tensile strength of the membrane improved with an increasing absorbed dose up to 60 kGy, but decreased at 80 kGy due to severe degradation. The ionic conductivity of the nanoporous HDPE membrane did not really change with an increasing absorbed dose because the pores had already been formed before the gamma-ray radiation. Finally, the electrochemical stability of the HDPE membrane increased when the absorbed dose increased up to 60 kGy.

scholarly journals Calculation of Gamma-ray Attenuation Parameters for Locally Developed Ilmenite-magnetite (I-M) Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hossain Sahadath ◽  
Ripan Biswas ◽  
Md Fazlul Huq ◽  
Abdus Sattar Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Shielding Material ◽  
Good Agreement

The mass attenuation coefficients (?/?) of locally developed ilmenite-magnetite (I-M) concrete over a wide range of photon energy were calculated analytically using Matlab and compared with the values obtained from widely used XCom computer program. A good agreement between the calculated and XCom generated value was found. The linear attenuation coefficients and relaxation lengths were calculated for the same energy range. The transmission curves were drawn for some common gamma-ray energies and half value layer and tenth value layer were calculated. The results of this study will provide some useful information about the shielding material data base for practical shielding calculation. The results will also illustrate the effectiveness of I-M concrete so far as its shielding properties are concerned.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 1, 11-21, 2016

scholarly journals Impact of Modifier Oxides on Mechanical and Radiation Shielding Properties of B2O3-SrO-TeO2-RO Glasses (Where RO = TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10904
Author(s):  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
M. Kh. Hamad ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Abu Mhareb ◽  
K. A. Naseer ◽  
K. A. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Transmission Factor ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Radiation Attenuation ◽  
Cross Linkage ◽  
Packed Structure ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Hardness Values

The influence of modifier oxides (TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO) on the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of boro-tellurate glasses is investigated. Samples with a composition of B2O3-SrO-TeO2-RO (RO represents the modifier oxides) were fabricated using the melt quench method, and their physical, mechanical, and radiation attenuation parameters were reported. For this aim, Monte Carlo simulation was employed to predict the radiation attenuation parameters, while the Makishima-Mackenzie model was adopted to determine the mechanical properties. The tightly packed structure with better cross-linkage density is possessed by the Ti-containing glass (SBT-Ti) system among the titled glass batch. The higher Poisson and micro-hardness values of the SBT-Ti glass indicate its structure’s reduced free volume and better compactness. For the glass with PbO, the linear and mass attenuation coefficients are highly increased compared to those glasses doped with TiO2, ZnO, and BaO. The thinner half-value layer was reported at 0.015 MeV, taking values 0.006, 0.005, 0.004, and 0.002 for samples with TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO, respectively. SBT-Pb sample (with PbO) has a thinner HVL compared to other fabricated glass samples. The fabricated glasses’ thickness (Deq) equivalent to 1 cm of lead (Pb) was reported. The results demonstrated that Deq is high at low energy and equals 11.62, 8.81, 7.61, 4.56 cm for SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb glass samples, respectively. According to the Deq results, the fabricated glasses have a shielding capacity between 30 and 43% compared to the pure Pb at gamma-ray energy of 1.5 MeV. At high energy (8 MeV), the transmission factor values for a thickness of 1 cm of the fabricated samples reach 88.68, 87.83, 85.95, and 83.11% for glasses SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb, respectively.

The Attenuation Capability ofSelected Steel Alloys for Nuclear Reactor Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3139-3145 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. El-Khameesy ◽  
M. M. Eissa ◽  
S. A. El-Fiki ◽  
R. M. El Shazly ◽  
S. N. Ghali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Transmitted Beam ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation

Neutronsand gamma ray attenuation of different steel grades (SS304, SS304L, SS316L, SS430, a modified high manganese-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and developed cobalt-free Maraging steel) was measured to study their capability to be used as nuclear reactor materials. The hardness and microstructure of the studied steel alloys were carried out using Vickers hardness and optical microscope respectively.Neutron and gamma rays measurements were carried out using a narrow beam transmissions geometry method. Measurements and calculations of gamma ray attenuation coefficients were carried out at energies 238.63, 338.28, 583.19, 911.2, 968.97, 1173.23, 1332.49, and 2614.51 keV. The transmitted gamma rays were detected by the Hyper Pure Germanium detector (HPGe), while, the neutron flux emitted from 241Am-Be neutron source was used to measure the neutron removal cross section for both slow and total neutrons. The transmitted beam of neutrons was measured under a good geometric conditions using 3He counter.A good agreement between experimental data of mass attenuation coefficients and theoretical results calculated by the WinXcom computer program (version 3.1) was obtained.

Comparative Study of Calculation Methods for Shield Thickness of Typical Materials against Gamma Rays

2019 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Ying Hong Zuo ◽  
Jin Hui Zhu ◽  
Ying Long Tao ◽  
Sheng Li Niu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Attenuation Factor ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Lead Shield ◽  
Shielding Properties

The paper aims to analyze the shielding properties of concrete and lead materials against gamma rays at different energies, and the relationships between the shield thickness of the two materials and gamma ray energy and attenuation factor have been obtained by using the method of attenuation multiple and the method of half-value-thickness, respectively. The results show that when the gamma ray energy and the attenuation factor are determined, the thickness of the concrete shield layer obtained by the method of attenuation multiple is greater than that obtained by the half-value-thickness method. The relative magnitude of thickness of lead shield obtained by the method of attenuation multiple and the method of half-value-thickness method is relate to the gamma ray energy. When the gamma ray energy is lower than 8 MeV, the thickness of lead shield calculated by the method of attenuation multiple is larger than that obtained by the half-value-thickness method, while when the gamma ray energy is higher than 8 MeV, the conclusion is opposite.

Physical and Gamma-Ray Shielding Properties of Strontium Borosilicate Glasses

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparat Tuscharoen ◽  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Melt Quenching ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Reported Data

Glasses composition of xSrO:(70–x)B2O3:30SiO2when 25≤x≤50 mol% were prepared using the melt quenching technique and investigated the other properties of glasses. The density of the glasses was measured using Archimedes’ principle; the molar volume of the glasses has been derived from density measurements data. The hardness of glasses sample was measured by using the Vickers hardness. Mass attenuation coefficients have been determined experimentally for the glass system at photon energy 662 keV, the results compared with theoretical calculations from WinXCom computer software. The reported data should be useful for decision chosen of these glasses in radiation shielding.

scholarly journals Introducing a novel low energy gamma ray shield utilizing Polycarbonate Bismuth Oxide composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rojin Mehrara ◽  
Shahryar Malekie ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Saleh Kotahi ◽  
Sedigheh Kashian
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Oxide Composite ◽  
Dispersion State ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Sem Analyses

AbstractThe fabrication of different weight percentages of Polycarbonate-Bismuth Oxide composite (PC-Bi2O3), namely 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt%, was done via the mixed-solution method. The dispersion state of the inclusions into the polymeric matrix was studied through XRD and SEM analyses. Also, TGA and DTA analyses were carried out to investigate the thermal properties of the samples. Results showed that increasing the amount of Bi2O3 into the polymer matrix shifted the glass transition temperature of the composites towards the lower temperatures. Then, the amount of mass attenuation coefficients of the samples were measured using a CsI(Tl) detector for different gamma rays of 241Am, 57Co, 99mTc, and 133Ba radioactive sources. It was obtained that increasing the concentration of the Bi2O3 fillers in the polycarbonate matrix resulted in increasing the attenuation coefficients of the composites significantly. The attenuation coefficient was enhanced twenty-three times for 50 wt% composite in 59 keV energy, comparing to the pure polycarbonate.

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