scholarly journals RENEWABLE ENERGY: WORLD DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Zaharii ◽  
Tamila Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
The World

The article considers the trends in the development of renewable energy in the world and in Ukraine. It is proved that renewable energy is an important and promising energy sector in the world. It is shown that at the present stage of development, all civilized countries are developing their economies through the use of renewable energy sources, which are gradually displacing the old power plants using exhaustive fossil fuels, which pollute the atmosphere. The history of renewable energy development is revealed. The investment attractiveness of this energy sector in the countries of the world is characterized. On the basis of statistical data and preliminary studies of scientists, modern structural changes in the investment market of renewable energy in the world were evaluated. It is shown that Ukraine is part of European dozens of investments in green energy. The volume of supply of primary energy in the world and Europe, the power of renewable energy in leaders, regions of the world and Ukraine is presented. A review of the current state of renewable energy in developed countries and Ukraine has been carried out. Quantitative characteristics for different renewable energy sectors are analyzed: hydro, solar and wind power and other. Examples of the largest solar, hydroelectric power plants on the planet and Ukraine are given. It is shown that in the countries of the world and Ukraine there is a powerful potential and there is a positive tendency to more intensive use of renewable energy sources. It has been found that in 2020, for the first time in history, the share of RES in the structure of electricity in Europe has exceeded the proportion of fossil fuels due to the expansion of energy from the sun and the sun. The development of renewable energy in the planet also promotes the introduction in many countries and in Ukraine "Green Tariffs" and "Green" for electricity. It is positive that Ukraine has joined the European Energy Community and undertaken a joint regulatory policy with EU countries, develop and implement measures for renewable energy in the country. The prospects for the development of renewable energy sources in the countries of the world and Ukraine are determined.

CUSTOMER EMPOWERMENT STRATEGY AND SHAPING MARKETS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Ivan Krnić
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Companies

A large number of energy companies in the world today a faced with global transformative trends which devastatingly affect their business results. Therefore, energy companies in the world were very slow in investing and adopting renewable energy sources and become significantly overcapacitated by coal and gas fired power plants which are now unprofitabile due to low marginal costs of renewables and their priority dispatching into a power system. Also increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the structure of electricity generation, the decline in primary energy prices (fossil fuels) the stagnation of consuption and the surplus of supply in relation to electricity demand caused a drop in wholesale electricity prices by half compared to 2008. Furthemore, the operation of coal fired power plants is burdened with carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, there has been a significant reduction in revenues, falling stock values andthe collapse of credit rating of many energy companies in the world. This article analyzes the implementation of the strategy of empowering customers and shaping markets that the E.ON Group has carried out as a „response“ to global transformative trends in the energy market environment by which the former company was divided into two less dynamic and more focused companies into a new or conventional energy world. This strengthens the competitiveness of all previous business activities due to stronger focus on the development of necessary skills and process. Furthemore, from on investor perspective it has been shown that the risk profiles associated with conventional energy production differ from those related to the „new“ energy world, ie the activities covered by the business portfolio of the E.ON Group, and the activities covered by the business portfolio of the Uniper Group attract different types of investors.

scholarly journals Improvement of turbogenerators as a technical basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
V. V. Shevchenko ◽  
A. N. Minko ◽  
M. Dimov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Independence

The paper defines the directions of improving turbogenerators as the basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine. The analysis of the state, problems and prospects for the development of modern electric power industry. Goal of the work is to identify promising directions for sustainable development of the national electric power industry in order to ensure energy security of Ukraine, to conduct a comparative analysis of electricity sources, to confirm the need to improve the main sources – turbogenerators. Methodology. During the research, an analytical analysis of the electricity sources, which are installed at power plants in Ukraine and the world, was carried out, taking into account the growth of the planet's population and its energy activity. Cyclic theory was chosen as the theoretical basis for forecasting. On the basis of this theory, global development trends, advantages and disadvantages of currently used sources of electricity - thermal (including nuclear) power plants and stations that operate from renewable energy sources - have been established. A review of literary sources on the methods of the energy sector forecasting the development, including the development of the energy sector in Ukraine, has been carried out. Originality. It has been established that due to the active growth of the planet's population, with the increase in its energy activity, obtaining electricity from renewable energy sources is not enough, that for the next 20-30 years nuclear power plants will be the main sources of electricity. The internal and external threats to the energy security of Ukraine, directions of development of turbogenerator construction, ways to improve turbogenerators, to increase their energy efficiency, power per unit of performance, to increase the readiness and maneuverability factors, and overload capacity have been identified. Practical significance. The need to continue the modernization and improvement of the turbogenerators of nuclear power plant units, as the main sources of electricity, has been proved. The directions of their improvement are established: increasing the power in the established sizes, making changes to the design of the turbogenerators inactive elements, replacing the cooling agent to keep Ukrainian turbogenerators at the world level, improving auxiliary systems, improving and increasing the reliability of the excitation system, introduction of automatic systems for monitoring the state turbogenerators. Possible limits of use, advantages, disadvantages and problems of using renewable energy sources for Ukraine have been established.

scholarly journals Modern Trends in the Development of Renewable Energy: the Experience of the EU and Leading Countries of the World

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-133
Author(s):  
L.Hr. Melnyk ◽  
O.N. Derykolenko ◽  
Yu.O. Mazin ◽  
O.I. Matsenko ◽  
V.S. Piven
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

Energy security and independence is one of the key points in sustainable development. In modern conditions of rapid growth and development of technologies, more and more attention is paid to finding practical solutions for environmentally friendly and inexpensive energy production. For a long time, scientists from various fields of scientific activity around the world have been engaged in the development and use of alternative energy sources. The share of renewable energy sources in the generation of electricity around the world is growing steadily, which indicates an increase in the use of energy obtained from alternative sources, such as, for example, wind and sun. These trends testify to the desire of consumers to abandon the use of fossil energy sources and nuclear power plants as much as possible in order to ensure further sister development. Under the current conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for electricity worldwide has decreased, however, as the study shows, this pandemic has not affected the development of renewable energy. The article analyzes modern trends in the development of renewable energy, taking into account the experience of the EU countries and leading countries of the world in this area. As a result, it was concluded that in modern conditions, to achieve sustainable development, transformation processes are needed in such an important area as energy. Various processes in the global economy, which contributed to the intensive development of alternative energy sources, served as a powerful impetus for such changes. Many countries have made significant progress in the development of renewable energy.

Energy and Energy Efficiency

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Nuclear Power Engineering ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The World

Originally, coal was the main source of energy. It remains so throughout the 18th century during the period of the rapid industry development. Later on, oil and naphtha began to be used as energy sources and their usage expanded especially in 19th century. A special feature of the above mentioned fossil fuels is their long creation period – requiring millennia. They are a result of rotting of different plant and animal kinds. In comparison to the period of their formation, the period of their utilization is far shorter. In accordance with a number of existing statistics about 2050 year it may be talked about a depletion of the liquid fossil fuels, also, the world coal supplies are considered to last within the next 200 years. Therefore, the development of nuclear power engineering is considered to be one of the alternatives to generate energy. Recently, the nuclear power energy generation has been denied in many countries because of the risks associated with its generation and because these risks have been confirmed by serious accidents throughout the World. The storage of worked nuclear waste is also a problem and risky. The renewable energy sources are another possibility to generate energy.

scholarly journals Pumped Storage Power Plants: The Treasure of Renewable Energy Sector in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4671-4675
Author(s):  
N.Subhashini Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
Pumped Storage

Renewable Energy has become an inevitable one in the world of power sector. Especially country like India (the second largest populated) powering the entire nation is not an easy thing. Typically we depend upon conventional energy sources which is to be dissipate at any point of time. Therefore now we are returning back to the pavilion, started using non conventional energy sources like our ancestors. Unlike conventional sources, the nonconventional sources are profuse in nature. These sources will be even more effective when coordination comes into picture. Mostly coordination will be done with wind and solar predominantly. In this paper, we are to reveal about the hidden treasure, the pumped storage power plant (PSP) its advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals TENDENCY OF GLOBAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE WORLD IN THE LAST TEN YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Karabegović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The World

It is well-known that, in the past decades, the burning of fossil fuels was identified as the major cause of climate change. Climate change mitigation is becoming a central concern of global society. Limiting global warming to below 2 °C above the temperature of the pre-industrial period is the key to preserving global ecosystems and providing a secure basis for human activities, as well as reducing excessive environmental change. The ambitions increased at an accelerated pace with a dramatic expansion of net zero-emission targets. Increasing pressure from citizens and society has forced countries to intensify their climate plans, while the private sector has bought a record amount of renewable energy. An energy system based on fossil fuels must be replaced by renewable energy with low carbon emissions with improved energy efficiency. That applies to all consumers of fossil energy: cities, villages, building sectors, industry, transport, agriculture, and forestry. The paper explores and presents the strategy of energy development of renewable energy sources in the world. The application of new technologies that have led to developing renewable energy sources is presented in detail: wind energy, solar energy, small hydropower plants, biomass, and their increase in the total share of energy production, i.e., reduced fossil fuel use in energy production. Investments in new technologies used in renewable energy sources have led to increases in employment worldwide. Analysis of the trend of increased energy production from RES (Renewable Energy Sources) with investment plans, the employment rate for each energy source, and the development of renewable energy sources in the coming period are provided.

scholarly journals Efficient Methods of Market Pricing in Power Industry within the Context of System Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Lisin ◽  
Galina Kurdiukova ◽  
Pavel Okley ◽  
Veronika Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Energy Supply Systems

Currently, the majority of world economies (even those located in the sunbelt (+/− 35 degrees of latitude with good sunshine with low seasonality) uses various types of fossil fuels as the main source of energy for their economies. However, this represents a very volatile and unsustainable strategy, since according to various estimates, the fossil fuel era will inevitably end as all carbon fuels are going to be spent in the next few centuries. Unlike traditional energy, renewable energy sources (RES) are not based on energy resources, but rather rely upon natural energy flows. With regard to its unique property, there has been an active construction of power plants of renewable energy and their gradual integration into national energy supply systems in recent decades. At the same time, the existing models of electricity markets were unprepared for their wide distribution. Hence, determination of the market value of energy generated by power plants using renewable energy sources becomes a particularly significant issue. This market value has to take into account the prevention of costs from the use of fossil fuels, as well as the resulting environmental benefits. Our paper proposes methods for solving this problem, contributing to the increase of economic efficiency of investment projects for the construction of renewable energy facilities and the formation of economic incentives for their propagation in energy supply systems. The proposed methods are based on the dynamic differentiation of tariffs for consumers with renewable energy sources depending on their structure of electricity consumption. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by calculating the cost of electricity for households located in the Krasnodar region using renewable energy sources. It is shown that this approach to the formation of tariffs for consumers allows the household to receive additional savings from the efficient use of energy installations on RES and energy storage devices in terms of alignment of the energy consumption schedule. This creates a significant incentive for households to use them and contributes to increasing the effectiveness of government renewable energy support programs, including by solving the acute problem of raising electricity tariffs from the grid.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE WORLD AND EUROPEAN UNION

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Karabegović ◽  
Vlatko Doleček
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Stability ◽  
High Price ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The World

Energy stability and security have become one of the most important issues in recent years on planet Earth. Nowadays, worldwide economic, industrial and social development is related to the energy and energy-system that provided great benefits to a society, but the society is paying a high price because of the production and emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. There are numerous climate changes, which pose a threat to each continent, disorder in agriculture, disorder in food production, floods and fires, as well as changes in the ecosystem. Energy stability and security have become one of the most important issues in recent years. Energy is essential for development of any country, notably when it comes to its industry and economy. Without adequate policy operations of the energy sector, it is not possible to achieve industrial or economic progress. Nevertheless, no matter how important energy is for the development, it is only a mechanism for achieving the ultimate goals – sustainable economy, clean environment, high standard of living, prosperity and health of the population. This paper elaborates on and outlines a strategy for energy development of renewable energy sources in the world, as well as in the European Union. It presents in great details the application of new technologies that have led to the development of renewable energy sources: wind-power, solar energy, small hydro power plants, biomass, and their increase in the overall participation of energy production and reduction of fossil fuels in energy production. Investing in new technologies which use renewable energy sources have led to the increase in employment in the world, so that about 6.5 million people in the world have been employed until today. This paper outlines the trend of increasing energy production from RES (renewable energy sources) by investing in any of the abovementioned energy sources, as well as employment for each energy source in the world and the EU-28. Also, the development of renewable energy sources in the future has been presented.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON POTENTIAL OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE WORLD, EUROPE AND BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Karabegović ◽  
Vlatko Doleček
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The World

Energy security and stability are currently the main issues throughout the world. Applied research is carried out all over the world in order to increase a share of renewable energy sources in the overall task of energy generation. In near future environmentally friendly energy sources should be found that will enable the mankind to cover its energy needs. Renewable energy sources are currently offered worldwide as an environmentally friendly and acceptable solution; however, one may always wonder whether it is realistic to expect such energy sources to be developed at a level sufficient to meet the mankind’s ever increasing energy needs. This caution is caused by the following facts associated with the renewable energy sources available today: the wind energy is not everywhere available in sufficient quantities, solar energy is not sufficiently used, hydropower (we refer to small hydro power plants), is not big enough for this quantity of energy, geothermal energy can be optimally used only at places where thermal energy from the inner core of the Earth is near the surface, tidal energy (energy of the waves) has great potentials but is very little used due to its scarcity and non-accessibility, bioenergy, as a substitute for conventional fossil fuels, is not completely environmentally friendly or acceptable due to the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. On the other hand, without implementing the adequate policies in the energy sector operation, it is not possible to have any industrial, economic or social progress in the world. Energy security and stability are only one part in achieving the ultimate goals: sustainable economy, clean environment, high standard of living, prosperity and health of the population. In the light of all the above, the paper will investigate the state and perspective of renewable energy sources with a special emphasis on the potential of solar energy.

scholarly journals Economic Optimization of Resource Use Based on Smart Grid

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
O.V. Kubatko ◽  
V.M. Ignatchenko ◽  
S.V. Shaparenko ◽  
I.A. Starodub ◽  
D.O. Yaryomenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Smart Energy Systems

There are significant changes in society's approaches to the energy policy development in the modern world. It is observable a transition from the old model of the energy sector maintenance, which was dominated by large producers, inefficient networks, fossil fuels, imperfect competition in the markets of natural gas, coal, electricity - to a new model, which creates a more competitive environment and equalizes opportunities for development and the dominance one of the types energy production or sources of fuel supply. The traditional network is based on centralized power plants that supply electricity to consumers through simple one-way transmission and distribution systems. The bulk of the current electricity generation capacity in Ukraine is generated by fossil fuels, which significantly contributes to the increase of the carbon dioxide concentration in the Earth's atmosphere and has a corresponding negative consequences for the climate. At the same time, modern preferences are given to increasing energy efficiency and the use of energy from renewable and alternative sources. Implementation of adaptation and prevention measures for climate change is also one of the priorities of global energy development. The renewable energy promotion is causing new economic and scientific challenges for Ukraine. However, at the same time it opens new perspectives for the search and implementation of innovative developments in the field of extraction, processing of fossil fuels, energy supply and consumption, which leads to create a new energy policy of the state. The article discusses theoretical and methodological approaches that reveal the benefits of Smart Grid using. It is emphasized that ensuring energy security and environmental sustainability of the energy sector should be based on the use of renewable energy sources. The article analyzes the main factors that can affect the development of Smart Grid technology. Also, the article describes the best experience of the EU countries, which are introducing smart energy systems for the economic optimization of renewable energy sources use.

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