La rivoluzione degli Affari Militari: perché č avvenuta, e che cosa significa

2009 ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Davide Fiammenghi ◽  
Antonello Fiorucci
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Revolution

- This paper reports an analysis of the Revolution in Military Affairs, a central topic of the strategic debate since the end of the Cold War. Three main points are discussed. The first one is the historical root of the Revolution. In particular, it is emphasized that the crisis of legitimacy of the US army after the Vietnam War has had a positive, triggering effect over the process of modernization. The second section is dedicated to the analysis of the central concepts and meanings associated with the Revolution: information warfare, global positioning systems, the "system of the systems" and so on. The third issue discussed is the future of the US grand strategy. Here the authors try to shed some light on the strategic dilemmas American decision makers shall deal with over the next few decades and conclude that the durability of the American primacy relies on four main factors: the state of the American economy, the timing of confrontation with its rivals, the spread of new technologies, and the development of the terrorist threat to American security.

The United States and the crisis of the Six Day War (May 14–June 5, 1967)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Heller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Johnson Administration ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cold War

The Johnson administration was surprised by the mid-May crisis. Israel, far less surprised, expected the US to honour the promises it made in 1957. However, when the chips were down in 1967 the Sixth Fleet failed to prevent the Arab aggression However, Washington did nothing to stop the inevitable deterioration, since any movement in Israel’s favour meaning opening a new front in the cold war, while the Vietnam war was at its height, and the German problem was still a hot issue in the cold war. The visit of foreign minister Abba Eban and General Meir Amit, head of the Mossad, to the US to warn the administration about the danger of war did not move Johnson, Rusk and McNamara. Johnson’s policy was that ‘Israel will not be alone unless it decided to be alone’. No green light was given to Israeli decision-makers, who had no choice but to treat Nasser’s challenges as casus belli..

Japan and the Revolution in Military Affairs

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-196
Author(s):  
Tom Le
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Self Defence ◽  
The Revolution

The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) has not only changed how the USA engages in warfare but also how it maintains its military supremacy and how other nations budget and strategize. The very idea of the RMA has impacted how nations manage their technological advantages and raises the questions of can the RMA be monopolized and if not, which nations can adopt their own RMA? In September 2000, the Japan Defence Agency (now the Ministry of Defence [MOD]) produced a report titled ‘“Info-RMA”: Study on Info-RMA and the Future of the Self-Defence Forces’ to explore the prospects of implementing RMA principles in the Japan Self-Defence Forces. In this article, I explore to what extent can RMA principles be implemented in the Self-Defence Forces? I argue that although several significant changes have been implemented in technology, doctrine, operations and organization, various normative and technical constraints have directed the MOD to craft an RMA with Japanese characteristics, emphasizing defence and interconnectedness with the US armed forces. These findings suggest that current efforts to ‘normalize’ the Self-Defence Forces can succeed if crafted to appeal to the sensibilities of the Japanese public.

Part 1 The Cold War Era (1945–89), 18 The Mayaguez Incident—1975

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronzitti Natalino
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Armed Force ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cold War Era ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Cold War

This Chapter takes into consideration the Mayaguez incident, which occurred on 12 May 1975, immediately after the end of Vietnam war. The Mayaguez was a US cargo vessel accused by Cambodia of carrying out an espionage mission during its navigation off the Cambodia coast and for this reason boarded and captured by the Cambodian gunboats. The US, after having erroneously qualifying the capture as an act of piracy, intervened in rescue of their nationals and recovered the ship. The precedent raises several legal issues ranging from the law of espionage to the legality of forceful measures taken by the coastal State in its territorial sea and/or in its adjacent waters. However, the main legal value of the Mayaguez incident arises from the fact that it is considered a precedent for testing the validity of the doctrine of using armed force for rescuing nationals abroad.

scholarly journals Amerykańskie wojska inżynieryjne w konflikcie wietnamskim 1964–1975

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pietrygała ◽  
Zdzisław Cutter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The South ◽  
Direct Involvement ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Vietnam War

The article focuses on the period of the Vietnam War, with particular emphasis on the role played by engineering troops (as a necessary component of individual tactical associations, and a guarantee of success of military operations conducted by the US army). The paper presents the engineering troops’ efforts to build military infrastructure, as well as the assistance provided to the South Vietnamese society. The article contains a list of all engineering units of the American army involved in the Vietnamese conflict, their organizational structure, personnel status, dislocation, as well as the scope of tasks assigned to them. In addition, it shows the cooperation between engineering units and civil contractors at the service of the army (especially in the period preceding the direct involvement of the United States in the war).

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Ingo Trauschweizer
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
National Security ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Historical Drama ◽  
Art And Politics ◽  
Military Planning ◽  
The Us ◽  
Operational Art ◽  
National Security State ◽  
The Cold War

Maxwell Taylor’s experience in the Cold War highlights four interrelated themes that have defined the US national security state and also shed light on the nature of strategy. First, the warfare state will guide decision-makers to seek military solutions to political problems. Sometimes that is appropriate, but at other times, as in Vietnam, it can drown out other approaches. Second, strategy and bureaucracy often work at cross-purposes. Again, decisions leading to the Vietnam War offer an illustration: instead of aligning means, ends, and political objectives, US strategy suffered from the collision of politics and policy with operational art and military planning. The various bureaucracies, though linked in the National Security Council, sought separate solutions. Third, strategy in general has increasingly become the fault line between operational art and politics and policy. It should be the connective tissue. Fourth, powerful and influential individuals served as contingent actors in the historical drama, but their options were limited by Cold War structures, ranging from bureaucracies that channeled possible actions to mind-sets that made it difficult not to view the problem at hand through the lens of the wider conflict and recent experiences. As they say in military and policy circles, if all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail. But what if you had several different hammers all trying to strike the nail at once?...

Contestation and Politicization of Security and Defence Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-63
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Military Interventions ◽  
Congressional Voting ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

Votes in parliament reveal the degree to which foreign affairs are contested and politicized. Data from the US Congress since its first session in 1789 confirm the established narrative that foreign affairs have become politicized since the Vietnam War but also qualify the politicization narrative by showing that post-Vietnam levels of contestation are far from unusual if compared to the first 150 years of Congressional voting. While levels of contestation vary, foreign affairs have never been fully exempted from democratic politics. An analysis of voting behaviour in the German and the Dutch parliament confirm that democratic politics does indeed not stop at the water’s edge. A new dataset of deployment votes in eleven countries shows that dissent is also common in votes on military interventions but also highlights differences across countries. In many countries, the government is successful in building a broad coalition in support of the military intervention in question. The rising numbers of deployment votes indicate that military interventions have gained in saliency since the end of the Cold War.

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