scholarly journals The morphological changes relationship in the small intestine mucous membrane with the dynamics of the enterocyte’s membranes polypeptide composition in cattle during the fetal period of their ontogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Polypeptide Composition ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Molecular Weights

The article presents current data on the relationship of morphological changes in the jejenum intestine mucous membrane with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition in the cattle enterocytes membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis. The study was carried out on 80 fetuses of Holstein cattle, aged 2–9 months, with a body weight of 0.6–39 kg. It was found that during the fetal period of ontogenesis, structural transformations took place in the jejunal mucous membrane of cattle, characterized by intense morphofunctional changes in its structural components. The polypeptide composition of the jejunal enterocytes plasma membrane in cattle during the fetal period of ontogenesis was determined, in particular, in the apical and basolateral membranes, respectively, 27 and 25 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa to 300 kDa were found, respectively. With the help of the correlation analysis for the received data, reliable interconnections of morphological changes in the jejunal mucous layer with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition of the cattle enterocyte’s membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis were obtained. It has been proven that the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane with villi is directly related to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa on the apical domain of enterocytes (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The height of the villi is associated only with the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–001) in the apical membrane and is inversely related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa, 21 kDa, 22.5 kDa, 26 kDa, 33 kDa, 35 kDa, 170–185 kDa (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The width of the villi is related to the content on the apical membrane of proteins with a molecular weight of 170–185 kDa and 21 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.01). The thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and mucous membrane with villi is associated with the content of proteins with molecular weights 155 kDa, 100 kDa, 87 kDa, 66 kDa, 52 kDa) and 43 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001) on the basolateral domain of enterocytes and inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with molecular weights of 19 kDa, 21 kDa and 31 kDa (P ≤ 0.05). The height of enterocyte villi is directly related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 155 kDa and 52 kDa (P ≤ 0,05–0,01) in the basolateral membrane and is inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 24 kDa, 22.5 kDa and 17 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001). The width of the villi of enterocytes is reliably inversely related only to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 155 kDa on the basolateral membrane (P ≤ 0.05).

scholarly journals Changes in the structural components of the mucous membrane and plasma proteins of small intestine enterocytes in fetuses of cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (102) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Enzymatic Systems

The interrelationships of morphological changes of the mucosa of the large intestine with the dynamics of enzyme activity at different poles of enterocytes of cattle during the fetal period of ontogenesis are shown and analyzed. The work was performed on Holstein cattle aged two to nine months. The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymatic systems in the basolateral membrane of cattle enterocytes depends less on the morphometric parameters of the large intestine than in the apical membrane. It is proved that during the fruitful period of ontogenesis there are dynamic transformations of enzyme systems of enterocytes of the large intestine of cattle which are connected with morphological changes of the mucous membrane of the large intestine. The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymes in different domains of the plasma enterocytes of fetal cattle is interrelated with the morphometric parameters of the colon, in particular. the activity of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2 +, Mg2 +-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in the apical membrane of enterocytes is inversely related to the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane of the cavity (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). A significant correlation was found between the activity of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2 +, Mg2 +-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in the apical membrane of enterocytes with villi height (P ≤ 0.05). The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymatic systems in the basolateral membrane of bovine fetal enterocytes depends to a lesser extent on the morphometric parameters of the large intestine than in the apical membrane. In particular, only the activity of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase is inversely related to the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane of the jejunum with villi (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The activity of transport enzymes is directly related to the morphometric parameters of the colon (P ≤ 0.01). The activity of these enzymes in the basolateral membrane does not significantly depend on the width of the villi, but is dependent on their height.

scholarly journals Expression of plasmolemma proteins of the absorptive enterocytes of the cattle in the late fetal period

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Protein ◽  
Apical Membranes ◽  
Absorptive Enterocytes

The article presents new scientific data on the expression of plasmalemma proteins of the absorptive enterocytes of the bovine intestines of five to nine months of age. In the late fetal period, 31 and 27 protein fractions of apical and basolateral membranes, respectively, were found in the plasmalemma of the jejunum intestine, which had a molecular weight of 9.6 kDa to 300 kDa. Twenty-nine protein fractions were detected in the apical membranes of five-month-old cattle enterocytes. It should be noted that protein fractions with low molecular weight (up to 24 kDa) were only 19.7 %, with molecular weights from 24 kDa to 100 kDa – 69.2 %, and fractions with molecular weights of 100 kDa and more were detected only – 11.1 % of the total number of polypeptides. Twenty-five protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6 to 155 kDa were found in the basolateral enterocyte membranes of five-month-old fetus. A large proportion of the detected protein fractions belonged to low molecular weight polypeptides (9.6–24 kDa – 40.26 %). Proteins with a molecular weight of 24–95 kDa – 55.2 %, with a molecular mass of 100 kDa and more were found only 4.56 %. High molecular weight proteins in the basolateral membrane of jejunum enterocytes of five-months-old cattle with a molecular weight greater than 155 kDa were not detected by electrophoresis (unlike the apical membrane). Analysis of the results of studies membranes protein of cattle enterocytes in late fetal period indicates significant changes in their polypeptide composition. In particular, in the basolateral membranes of enterocytes during the late fetal period there is a decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions (3.3 times; P ≤ 0.001) and an increase in the proportion of high molecular weight. In addition, from the age of eight months, proteins with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa and 75 kDa disappear in the basolateral membrane. Instead, proteins with a molecular weight of 300 kDa and 170-1885 kDa are appeared. In addition, in the apical membranes of enterocytes there is a significant decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions and an increase in polypeptides with a molecular weight greater than 100 kDa. The appearance in the apical membranes of jejunum enterocytes of calves from eight months of age embryonic development of fractions of polypeptides with molecular weight of 24 kDa and 66 kDa, which are present until the end of the fetal period.

scholarly journals Structural proteins of plasmolemma of the jejunum absorbing enterocytes of cattle fetus in early fetal period

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Basolateral Membranes ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Early Fetal Period ◽  
Apical Membranes

The data on the concentration of structural proteins of plasmolemma of the absorption enterocytes of the cattle fetus in the early fetal period are presented. Changes in the protein composition of the apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes are manifested, characterized not only by changes in their ratio within different cell domains, but also by the dynamic redistribution of the number of different fractions of polypeptides between the poles of these cells. Analysis of the results of electrophoresis of apical membranes of the cattle fetus enterocytes in the early fetal period indicates a decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions and an increase in high molecular weight. In the apical membranes of enterocytes of two-month-old cattle fetus, 25 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6 to 205 kDa were detected. In the basolateral membranes revealed 23 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6 to 120 kDa. High molecular weight fractions of polypeptides with molecular weights of 250 kDa and 300 kDa appear from the age of three months of embryos of calves. In the basolateral membranes of enterocytes, there is a slight decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions, and from the four months of age of cattle fetus, high molecular weight fractions of polypeptides with molecular weights of 22.5 kDa and 155 kDa appear, which are absent in basolateral membranes of enterocytes. Two-month-old fetus lack proteins with a molecular weight of 19 kDa, 24 kDa, and 66 kDa in the apical part, whereas proteins with a mass of 22.5 kDa, 155 kDa, 170–185 kDa, and 205 kDa are absent on the basolateral membrane. In the apical membrane of enterocytes significantly more proteins with a low molecular weight of 9.6-14.2 kDa (1.56 times; P ≤ 0.001), whereas in the basolateral membrane a significantly higher concentration of proteins with a molecular weight of 15.5 kDa (2.06 times; P ≤ 0.001) and 17 kDa (3.62 times; P ≤ 0.001).

scholarly journals Structural proteins of plasmolemma of the jejunum absorbing enterocytes of cattle fetus in early fetal period

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Basolateral Membranes ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Early Fetal Period ◽  
Apical Membranes

The data on the concentration of structural proteins of plasmolemma of the absorption enterocytes of the cattle fetus in the early fetal period are presented. Changes in the protein composition of the apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes are manifested, characterized not only by changes in their ratio within different cell domains, but also by the dynamic redistribution of the number of different fractions of polypeptides between the poles of these cells. Analysis of the results of electrophoresis of apical membranes of the cattle fetus enterocytes in the early fetal period indicates a decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions and an increase in high molecular weight. In the apical membranes of enterocytes of two-month-old cattle fetus, 25 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6 to 205 kDa were detected. In the basolateral membranes revealed 23 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6 to 120 kDa. High molecular weight fractions of polypeptides with molecular weights of 250 kDa and 300 kDa appear from the age of three months of embryos of calves. In the basolateral membranes of enterocytes, there is a slight decrease in the content of low molecular weight protein fractions, and from the four months of age of cattle fetus, high molecular weight fractions of polypeptides with molecular weights of 22.5 kDa and 155 kDa appear, which are absent in basolateral membranes of enterocytes. Two-month-old fetus lack proteins with a molecular weight of 19 kDa, 24 kDa, and 66 kDa in the apical part, whereas proteins with a mass of 22.5 kDa, 155 kDa, 170–185 kDa, and 205 kDa are absent on the basolateral membrane. In the apical membrane of enterocytes significantly more proteins with a low molecular weight of 9.6-14.2 kDa (1.56 times; P ≤ 0.001), whereas in the basolateral membrane a significantly higher concentration of proteins with a molecular weight of 15.5 kDa (2.06 times; P ≤ 0.001) and 17 kDa (3.62 times; P ≤ 0.001).

scholarly journals The enzyme activity dynamic relationship with the content of structural polypeptides of enterocyte membranes in cattle fetal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
D. M. Masiuk
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Alkaline Activity ◽  
The Relationship

The article performs new data on the relationship between the hydrolytic and transport enzyme activity at different poles of the enterocytes plasmolemma of cow's fetal large intestine with the content of individual fractions of polypeptides. An expressive direct dependence of enzyme activity dynamics on the apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes containing low molecular weight proteins and an inverse relationship with the concentration of proteins with medium and large molecular weights has been proved. It was found that the alkaline activity of the phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase on the apical domain of enterocyte plasmolemma is directly related to the proteins content with molecular masses of 9.6–14.2 kD, 21 kD, 22.5 kD, 26 kD, 33 kD, 35 kD, 170–185 kD, and 205 kD (P ≤ 0.05–0.001). Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity is straightly related to protein quantity with molecular weights of 15.5 kDa and 39 kD (P ≤ 0.05). In contrast, alkaline phosphatase and GGT activity have inverse correlations with the content of polypeptides with molecular masses of 46 kD, 63 kD, and 250 kD in the apical membrane of enterocytes (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The lactase activity in the cattle enterocytes apical membrane during the test period has significant direct correlations only with the amount of the polypeptide of polypeptides with molecular weights of 31 kD, 39 kD, and 100 kD (P ≤ 0.05–0.01) and inverse relationships containing proteins with molecular masses of 46 kD and 120 kD (P ≤ 0.05). A linear dependence of the different ATPase activity of the apical membrane of red blood cells containing proteins with molecular weights of 9.6–14.2 kD, 15.5 kD, 21 kD, 22.5 kD, 33 kD, 35 kD, 39 kD, and 205 kD (P ≤ 0.05–0.001) was observed. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the apical membrane of enterocytes is only directly related to the number of proteins with molecular weights of 17 kD and 24 kD (P ≤ 0.001) in this domain. It inversely depends on the content of proteins with molecular masses of 9.6–14.2 kD and 52 kD (P ≤ 0.001). G-glutamyltransferase activity is inversely related to protein content with molecular weights of 43 kD, 52 kD, 66 kD, 87 kD, and 100 kD and 155 kD (P ≤ 0.001). The Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase of the basolateral membrane activity of enterocytes is directly related to the protein amount with molecular weights of 26 kD (P ≤ 0.01), Mg2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase with protein content with the molecular value of 100 kD (P ≤ 0.05).

scholarly journals The structure and subunit composition of the particulate NADH-ubiquinone reductase of bovine heart mitochondria

1976 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I Ragan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Heart Mitochondria ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polypeptide Composition ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Bovine Heart

Preparations of NADH-ubiquinone reductase from bovine heart mitochondria (Complex I) were shown to contain at least 16 polypeptides by gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. 2. High-molecular-weight soluble NADH dehydrogenase prepared from Triton X-100 extracts of submitochondrial particles [Baugh & King (1972) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 49, 1165-1173] was similar to Complex I in its polypeptide composition. 3. Solubilization of Complex I by phospholipase A treatment and subsequent sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation did not alter the polypeptide composition. 4. Lysophosphatidylcholine treatment of Complex I caused some selective solubilization of a polypeptide of mol.wt. 33000 previosuly postulated to be the transmembrane component of Complex I in the mitochondrial membrane [Ragan (1975) in Energy Transducing Membranes: Structure, Function and Reconstitution (Bennun, Bacila & Najjar, eds.), Junk, The Hague, in the press]. 5. Chaotropic resolution of Complex I caused solubilization of polypeptides of molecular weights 75000, 53000, 29000, 26000 and 15500 and traces of others in the 10000-20000-mol.wt.range. 6. The major components of the iron-protein fraction from chaotropic resolution had molecular weights of 75000, 53000 and 29000, whereas the flavoprotein contained polypeptides of molecular weights 53000 and 26000 in a 1:1 molar ratio. 7. Iodination of Complex I by lactoperoxidase indicated that the water-soluble polypeptides released by chaotropic resolution, in particular those of the flavoprotein fraction, were largely buried in the intact Complex. 8. The polypeptides of molecular weights 75000, 53000, 42000, 39000, 33000, 29000 and 26000 were present in 1:2:1:1:1:1:1 molar proportions. The two subunits of molecular weight 53000 are probably non-identical.

Characteristics of Tissue Plasminogen Activator from Paranasal Mucous Membrane in Chronic Sinusitis

1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kosugi ◽  
O. Matsuo ◽  
H. Mihara ◽  
K. Hirano ◽  
M. Hamaya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Tissue Extract ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Filtration Technique

Tissue extract of paranasal mucous membrane from patients with chronic sinusitis was found to show a large lysis area on plasminogen-rich fibrin plates, but not on plasminogen-free fibrin plates. This indicates the existence of tissue plasminogen activator in the tissue extract. Further studies by the gel filtration technique showed that two plasminogen activators of different molecular weights were present in the tissue extract. The existence of tissue plasminogen activator with a low molecular weight has not previously been reported. This activator is labile at neutral pH at 37°C, but stable on fibrin under the above conditions. The molecular weight of this compound is lower than that of cytochrome c. It may be a compound which is proteolytically modified by proteases, ie, trypsin-like enzymes, existing in the paranasal mucous membrane tissue of patients with chronic sinusitis.

scholarly journals Intestine wall histostructure peculiarities with peritonitis and mechanical intestine obstruction (experimental study)

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Т. I. Tamm ◽  
V. V. Nepomnyaschy ◽  
O. А. Shakalova ◽  
А. Ya. Barduck
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Ileus ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Dynamic Ileus

Today, the histological criteria for differential diagnosis of dynamic ileus due to peritonitis and mechanical obstruction of the intestine remain undeveloped. In this regard, the aim of the work was to establish the difference in morphological changes occurring in the intestinal wall during dynamic and mechanical ileus in the experiment. The experiment was conducted on 33 sexually mature Wistar rats. In 15 animals of the first group, mechanical ileus was modeled by ligation of the lumen of the small intestine at the middle of the distance between the duodenojejunal junction and the ileocecal angle. In 15 rats of the second group, a dynamic ileus model was formed in the form of peritonitis by introducing fecal suspension into the lumen of the abdominal cavity. The control group included 3 animals who underwent laparotomy without the formation of mechanical ileus and peritonitis. For histological examination, fragments of the intestinal wall were sampled 1 cm above the site of the obstruction with mechanical ileus and the portion of the small intestine with peritonitis. Statistical processing was performed in an Excel package using parametric statistics methods. It was stated that with mechanical ileus purulent inflammation develops in the intestine wall beginning from the mucous membrane spreading over wall thickness which can cause its destruction within 48 hours; with dynamical ileus purulent inflammation develops in the intestine wall, it captures particularly serous and muscle layers without causing violations of mucosa cover structure and without intestine wall destruction within 48 hours. Under experimental dynamic ileus, changes in the mucous membrane were reactive in nature and consisted of manifestations of compensatory-adaptive and regenerative processes in response to a violation of the trophism of various structures of the intestinal wall.

Investigation by HPLC of the Catabolism of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Harris ◽  
Louis Garcia Frade ◽  
Lesley J Creighton ◽  
Paul S Gascoine ◽  
Maher M Alexandroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
High Molecular Weight Complex ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

SummaryThe catabolism of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) was investigated after injection of radiolabelled material into rats. Both Iodogen and Chloramine T iodination procedures yielded similar biological activity loss in the resultant labelled rt-PA and had half lives in the rat circulation of 1 and 3 min respectively. Complex formation of rt-PA was investigated by HPLC gel exclusion (TSK G3000 SW) fractionation of rat plasma samples taken 1-2 min after 125I-rt-PA injection. A series of radiolabelled complexes of varying molecular weights were found. However, 60% of the counts were associated with a single large molecular weight complex (350–500 kDa) which was undetectable by immunologically based assays (ELISA and BIA) and showed only low activity with a functional promoter-type t-PA assay. Two major activity peaks in the HPLC fractions were associated with Tree t-PA and a complex having a molecular weight of ̴ 180 kDa. HPLC fractionation to produce these three peaks at various timed intervals after injection of 125I-rt-PA showed each to have a similar initial rate half life in the rat circulation of 4-5 min. The function of these complexes as yet is unclear but since a high proportion of rt-PA is associated with a high molecular weight complex with a short half life in the rat, we suggest that the formation of this complex may be a mechanism by which t-PA activity is initially regulated and finally cleared from the rat circulation.

Permeability Enhancing and Chemotactic Activities of Lower Molecular Weight Degradation Products of Human Fibrinogen

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 090-094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuo Sueishi ◽  
Shigeru Nanno ◽  
Kenzo Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Lower Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Rabbit Skin ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Active Fragments

SummaryFibrinogen degradation products were investigated for leukocyte chemotactic activity and for enhancement of vascular permeability. Both activities increased progressively with plasmin digestion of fibrinogen. Active fragments were partially purified from 24 hr-plasmin digests. Molecular weights of the permeability increasing and chemotactic activity fractions were 25,000-15,000 and 25,000 respectively. Both fractions had much higher activities than the fragment X, Y, D or E. Electron microscopic observation of the small blood vessels in rabbit skin correlated increased permeability with the formation of characteristic gaps between adjoining endothelial cells and their contraction.These findings suggest that lower molecular weight degradation products of fibrinogen may be influential in contributing to granulocytic infiltration and enhanced permeability in lesions characterized by deposits of fibrin and/or fibrinogen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document