scholarly journals Morphological divergence of seedlings Calophyllum brasiliense cambes collected in São Paulo and Tocantins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildon Rodrigues Nascimento ◽  
Cândida Pereira da Silva ◽  
Irais Dolores Pascual-Reyes ◽  
Aline Torquato Tavares ◽  
Edilson Nonato da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Calophyllum Brasiliense ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Objective: The objective was to quantify the morphological diversity of Calophyllum brasiliense Cambes from four municipalities of the State of Tocantins employing morphological characteristics, to strengthen information on conservation and future breeding of the species. Methodology: Seeds were collected from four municipalities in the State of Tocantins and one in the State of São Paulo. The following were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, root dry mass, shoot dry mass, total dry mass, and Dickson´s quality index. The data were subjected to univariate analysis of variance, Tocher grouping method, and UPGMA, obtaining a dendrogram through the generalized Mahalanobis distance. Results: The results showed a statistical difference of 1 and 5% probability. Dueré stood out in stem diameter(5.52 mm), Sandolandia in height (34.84 cm) and root length (42.13 cm). Formoso stood out in the number of leaves (34 leaves). Lagoa da Confusão in leaf area (856.28 cm 2 ) and São Paulo in root dry mass (16.20 g), shoot dry mass (12.38 g), total dry mass (16.20 g), and Dickson´s quality index (1.57). Implications: Variations in morphological characteristics can be used as a tool for genetic studies of guanandi progeny accordingto their similarity and/or differences. Conclusions: The morphological divergence evidenced that among the five studied areas it is possible to direct the collection of seeds to subsidize conservation strategies and future breeding of the species.

Supplementary data of Henneguya leporinicola (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) a parasite of Leporinus macrocephalus from fish farms in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassia Roberta Hygino Capodifoglio ◽  
Edson Aparecido Adriano ◽  
Marcia Ramos Monteiro da Silva ◽  
Antônio Augusto Mendes Maia
Keyword(s):  
18S Rdna ◽  
Gill Filament ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Basal Branch ◽  
18S Rdna Sequence

AbstractHenneguya leporinicola is a parasite of the gill filament of Leporinus macrocephalus, a characiform fish belonging to the Anostomidae family, which is of major economic importance. Despite the damage it causes in fish, little is known about this parasite. Therefore, a study was undertaken with fourteen specimens of L. macrocephalus taken from fish farms in the state of Sao Paulo. The fish were collected and examined searching for lesions and/or myxosporean plasmodia. One of the specimens (7.14%) contained white elongated plasmodia in the gill filament. The mature spores had elongated bodies with polar capsules of equal size and a caudal length greater than body length. Morphological characteristics identified the parasite as H. leporinicola. Molecular analysis of the 18S rDNA sequence resulted in a 1954 bp, demonstrating significant genetic differences with previously described species of Henneguya/Myxobolus. Phylogenetic analysis comparing the 18S rDNA sequence of H. leporinicola with other species, previously described in South America, and the 20 closest species as indicated by BLASTn Max Score showed H. leporinicola as a basal branch of a subclade composed by Henneguya spp. parasite of characiform hosts.

scholarly journals Relationships between microbial activity and soil physical and chemical properties in native and reforested Araucaria angustifolia forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil de Morais Pereira ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Daniel Bini ◽  
Rafael L. de F. Vasconcellos ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze is the main component of the Mixed Ombrophilous forest and, in the State of São Paulo, it is associated with a high diversity of soil organisms, essential for the maintenance of soil quality, making the conservation of this ecosystem a major and pressing challenge. The objective of this study was to identify the physical and chemical properties that are most closely correlated with dehydrogenase enzyme activity, basal respiration and microbial biomass under native (NF) and replanted (RF) Araucaria angustifolia forests in three regions of the state of São Paulo, in winter and summer. The main differentiating factors between the areas were also determined. Each forest was represented by three true replications; at each site, from around the araucaria trees, 15 soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected to evaluate the soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties. At the same points, forest litter was sampled to assess mass and chemical properties. The following microbiological properties were evaluated: microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (CO2-C), metabolic quotient (Q: CO2), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) as well as the physical properties (moisture, bulk density, macroporosity and total porosity), soil chemical properties [pH, organic carbon (org-C), P, Ca, K, Mg, Al, H+Al], litter dry mass, and C, N and S contents. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (TWO-WAY: ANOVA). A Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and a Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) were also performed. In the soil under NF, the values of K, P, soil macroporosity, and litter dry mass were higher and Q: CO2 and DHA lower, regardless of the sampling period, and DHA was lower in winter. In the RF areas, the levels of moisture, porosity and Q: CO2 were higher in both sampling periods, and DHA was higher in winter. The MBC was only higher under NF in the summer, while the litter contents of C, N and S were greater in winter. In winter, CCA showed a high correlation of DHA with CO2-C, pH and H+Al, while in the summer org-C, moisture, Mg, pH and litter C were more associated with DHA and CO2-C. The CDA indicated H+Al, available P, total porosity, litter S content, and soil moisture as the most discriminating variables between NF and RF, but moisture was the most relevant, in both seasons and CO2-C only in winter. The combined analysis of CCA and CDA showed that the contribution of the microbiological variables to a differentiation of the areas was small at both samplings, which may indicate that the period after reforestation was long enough to allow an almost complete recovery of the microbial activity.

scholarly journals Agricultural residues as substrates in the production of formosa papaya, okra and zucchini seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Lo Monaco ◽  
Larissa Ionara Silva Paula ◽  
Paola Honorato Salla ◽  
Ismail Ramalho Haddade ◽  
Gustavo Haddad Souza Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Alternative Substrate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Organic Compost ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Using residues generated in agriculture to produce seedlingsis an economically interesting alternative, besides being a way to reduce the environmental impacts caused by their inadequate disposal. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using coffee chaff (CC) and organic compost (OC) as substrate components for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings and the potential of grape pomace (GP), a vitiviniculture residue, in the composition of substrates for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings. We carried out two trials in a completely randomized design (CRD): the first had seven treatments and six replicates: T0: 100% commercial substrate Bioplant® (CS); from T1 to T6: increasing proportions of CC and decreasing of CC: 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60; 50/50 e 60/40%. The second had six treatments and six replicates, with increasing proportions of GP and decreasing proportions of CS: 0/100; 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60 and 50/50%.In the first trial we evaluated the number of leaves, root length, seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI) at 59 days after sowing.The second trialwas performed at 12 and 18 DAS and we analyzed the number of leaves, plant height, root length, collar diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI). Variables that met the assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity were subjected to Dunnett’s test. The substrate composed of coffee chaff and organic compost has a high potential to be used as an alternative substrate due to promote better quality of papaya seedlings compared to the commercial substrate. Alternative substrate containing 60% coffee chaff and 40% organic compost is recommended for the production of  Formosa papaya seedlings in tubes. The grape pomace (GP) has a high potential to be used as component in substrate for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings compared to the commercial substrate (CS) only. Alternative substrate composed of 50% GP and 50% CS is recommended for the production of zucchini seedlings, while substrate composed of 10% GP and 90% CS is recommended for the production of okra seedlings.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS CÍTRICAS UTILIZANDO ÁGUAS SALINAS

Irriga ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Miler Soares ◽  
Sergio Nascimento Duarte ◽  
Christiano César Dibbern Graf ◽  
Marcelo Zanetti ◽  
Silvio Sandoval Zocchi
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Current System ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Tree Production

PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS CÍTRICAS UTILIZANDO ÁGUAS SALINAS  Tales Miler Soares1; Sergio Nascimento Duarte1; Christiano César Dibbern Graf2; Marcelo Zanetti2; Silvio Sandoval Zocchi31Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de Saõ Paulo, Piracicaba, SP,  [email protected] Mudas.3Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de Saõ Paulo, Piracicaba, SP  1 RESUMO Considerando que o atual sistema de produção de mudas cítricas no Estado de São Paulo potencializou os riscos de salinização do meio de cultivo, conduziu-se um trabalho objetivando investigar o crescimento da laranjeira ‘Valência’ enxertada em três porta-enxertos (‘Cravo’, ‘Cleópatra’ e ‘Swingle’), utilizando três qualidades de água: natural (1,19 dS m-1), dessalinizada (0,02 dS m-1) e residual (2,11 dS m-1). Também foram estudados dois níveis de Ca(NO3)2: 0 e 2,105 g L-1, conformando um esquema fatorial 3x3x2. As águas salinas e a aplicação de Ca(NO3)2 salinizaram o substrato, a despeito da lixiviação observada. O Ca(NO3)2, além de não incrementar o desenvolvimento das mudas, mostrou-se prejudicial às raízes, devido ao exacerbado estresse osmótico proporcionado. A água natural implicou em prejuízos às raízes, mas proporcionou desenvolvimento da parte aérea compatível à água dessalinizada. A irrigação com água residual promoveu depreciação das raízes, do diâmetro do caule e da massa seca da parte aérea, com reflexo negativo na acumulação de massa seca na planta, quando comparada à água dessalinizada. A altura das plantas e o número de folhas não foram prejudicados pela salinidade das águas. UNITERMOS: Citrus, salinidade, irrigação, mudas, qualidade da água, fertirrigação.  SOARES, T.M.; DUARTE, S.N.; GRAF, C.C.D.; ZANETTI, M.; ZOCCHI, S.S.  CITRUS NURSERY TREE PRODUCTION USING SALINE WATER  2 ABSTRACT Considering that current system for citrus nursery tree production in São Paulo State, Brazil, increased the medium salinisation risk, this experiment was carried out aiming to investigate the growth of ‘Valencia’ sweet orange nursery trees, budded on three rootstocks (‘Rangpur’ lime, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo), using three water qualities: natural (ECW = 1.19 dS m-1), desalinated (ECW = 0.02 dS m-1) and reject brine (ECW = 2.11 dS m-1). Two Ca (NO3)2 levels were also studied: 0 and 2.105 g L-1, according to a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme. Saline waters and Ca (NO3)2 application increased media growth salinity, despite the registered lixiviation. The Ca (NO3)2 did not enhance plant growth, damaging the roots, due the osmotic stress. Natural water application resulted in significant damage to roots, but provided scion growth (diameter, dry mass) compatible to desalinated water. Irrigation with rejected water, compared to desalinated water, resulted in decrease of stem diameter and roots, and scion dry mass accumulation. Water salinity did not affect the shoot length and the number of leaves. KEYWORDS: Citrus, salinity, irrigation, water quality, fertirrigation

Dietary Quality Index and Associated Factors among Adolescents of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Caesar de Andrade ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Luana Carandina ◽  
Moisés Goldbaum ◽  
Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
São Paulo

Ingoldian fungi of Brazil: some new records and a review including a checklist and a key

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 306 (3) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRÍCIA O. FIUZA ◽  
TAIMY CANTILLO PÉREZ ◽  
VLADISLAV GULIS ◽  
LUÍS F. P. GUSMÃO
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Calophyllum Brasiliense

Ingoldian fungi have a worldwide distribution, but the most species have been described from temperate regions. In Brazil, the studies of Ingoldian fungi started in the 1980’s in the Atlantic Forest, the state of São Paulo. Later studies extended to other biomes such as the Cerrado, Caatinga and Amazon. The aim of this study is to improve our understanding of the occurrence and distribution of Ingoldian fungi in Brazil. Here, we include and discuss several new records for Brazil associated with submerged leaves of Calophyllum brasiliense and provide a checklist, a key and illustrations for all species of the Ingoldian fungi recorded from Brazil, as well as distribution maps. Flagellospora stricta is a new record to the Americas; Dendrosporomyces prolifer and Geniculospora inflata to the Neotropics; Pyramidospora casuarinae and Triscelophorus monosporus are new records to the Caatinga. With the new additions of species associated with submerged leaves of C. brasiliense, a total of 85 taxa of Ingoldian fungi are now recorded in Brazil. Nineteen taxa are reported from the Amazon, 53 from the Atlantic Forest, 39 from the Caatinga and 21 from the Cerrado.

The Daily Routine of Students in the Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Lilian Marques Silva
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Public School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Technological Advances

The almost instantaneous access to information provided by technological advances has revolutionized the behavior of people and of the classrooms too. Teachers had to adapt themselves to new technologies to maintain students interested and attentive to the discipline being taught. In this work, the behavior of the students of the 6th grade of elementary school II during class was observed. The school chosen is a public school in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). The research was based on data collection. The students were observed by being filmed during six months. The results showed that the students were interested in the classes and committed to the activities. The place that the student chooses to sit in the classroom influences the behavior of the teacher, because the more distant the teacher, the less he participates in the class.

Sound-Politics in São Paulo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Crime Control ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Category

This book is an ethnographic study of controversial sounds and noise control debates in Latin America’s most populous city. It discusses the politics of collective living by following several threads linking sound-making practices to governance issues. Rather than discussing sound within a self-enclosed “cultural” field, I examine it as a point of entry for analyzing the state. At the same time, rather than portraying the state as a self-enclosed “apparatus” with seemingly inexhaustible homogeneous power, I describe it as a collection of unstable (and often contradictory) sectors, personnel, strategies, discourses, documents, and agencies. My goal is to approach sound as an analytical category that allows us to access citizenship issues. As I show, environmental noise in São Paulo has been entangled in a wide range of debates, including public health, religious intolerance, crime control, urban planning, cultural rights, and economic growth. The book’s guiding question can be summarized as follows: how do sounds enter and leave the sphere of state control? I answer this question by examining a multifaceted process I define as “sound-politics.” The term refers to sounds as objects that are susceptible to state intervention through specific regulatory, disciplinary, and punishment mechanisms. Both “sound” and “politics” in “sound-politics” are nouns, with the hyphen serving as a bridge that expresses the instability that each concept inserts into the other.

scholarly journals Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Juventina Magrini ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Marcio Uehara-Prado
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
First Time

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic species S. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundant isopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia.

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