scholarly journals Reproductive management of the ram (Ovis orientalis aries)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cruz-Espinoza ◽  
Jaime Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
Tamara Alejandra Mendieta-Galán ◽  
Christofer I. Márquez- Hernández ◽  
Juan Salazar-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Genetic Potential

Objective: To describe briefly the physiology, the anatomy and the reproductive management of the ram. Design/Methodology/Approach: Review of the anatomy, physiology and general considerations for an adequate reproductive management of the ram. Results: The ram presents a less seasonal reproductive activity than the female and its reproductive behavior is easier to observe. However, it is in the fall, the reproductive season of seasonal sheep, when their behavior is much more complex and complete. It begins with smelling the external genitals of the female, goes through the flehmen response and ends with mating, intromission and ejaculation. It is necessary to consider the anatomical and physiological aspects of the ram and its meticulous management to avoid reproductive failures in the flock. Frequently, the rams are less important for the flock’s handler during the season of reproductive rest. Monitoring their diet and parasite and disease control is necessary to keep them apt for reproduction. The evaluation of the reproductive aptitude of the ram before mating is convenient and can be planned as part of its management; and once mating begins, considering the adequate proportion of rams/females, in addition to monitoring their performance during this event. Study Limitations/Implications: To consider that the ram shows a good capacity for mating, capacity for service, libido, quality of semen, since it is responsible for a proportion of lamb production. Findings/Conclusions: Reproduction in sheep is regulated by the photoperiod, genetic potential, nutritional status, health status and other factors, which are important both in the ram and in the female. Some sheep breeds have potential of prolificacy; a good reproductive management of the ram can influence these factors and increase the reproduction rate in the flocks.

scholarly journals Impact of migration on child health in urban India: Evidence from NFHS-3

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Narayan ◽  
Aditya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Cooking Fuel ◽  
Urban India

Using data from the third round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2005-06), the present study examined the effect of quality of housing on the risk of anthropometric failure and child health status among migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. It is very urgent to from the policy and program perspective to understand whether source of safe drinking water, type of toilet facilities, and type of housing and cooking fuel really make a difference when it comes to the health and nutritional status of Indian children, particularly the urban poor. The main findings from the present studies indicate the poor nutritional and health status of migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. There were also large interstate disparities in anthropometric failures and ARI & diarrhea among migrant and non-migrant children across various Indian states. Result from the multivariate analysis suggest that poor source of sanitation facilities and poor quality of housing significantly raised the risk of stunting and diarrhea, whereas use of safe cooking fuel reduces the likelihood of ARI among children in urban India. However, we do not find any significant effect of quality of housing on the risk of underweight and wasting. Furthermore, few of the findings from the analysis appear in opposite directions that should be interpreted with caution which might be possible due to small sample size in few categories. Therefore, we need further in-depth research at micro-level to explore the plausible mechanism of how does housing quality influence child health and nutritional status in urban India.

scholarly journals Suckling, male effect and kisspeptin in the reproductive management of ewes in postpartum anestrus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Jaime Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
Carlos M. Becerril-Pérez ◽  
Arturo Pro-Martínez ◽  
Ponciano Pérez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Endogenous Opioid Peptides ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Male Effect

Objective: To describe the management strategies of controlled suckling and the male effect to reduce postpartum anestrus, and to show the participation of kisspeptin to regulate the effect of both factors. Design/Methodology/Approach: A review of scientific publications was conducted, in order to show the importance of suckling and the male effect as strategies to reduce postpartum anestrus in the ewe, as well as the relation of kisspeptin with both factors. Results: Seasonal anestrus can be avoided with the use of breeds adapted to the local environment, such as Pelibuey. Postpartum anestrus occurs mainly as a result of suckling, since the latter inhibits the pulsating secretion of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the luteinizing hormone (LH). The exact path of this inhibition is unknown, although it seems that endogenous opioid peptides and kisspeptin are intermediaries. Controlled suckling and the male effect are management strategies that improve the reproductive behavior of postpartum ewes. Kisspeptin regulates the influence of the male effect through the secretion of GnRH/LH. Study Limitations/Implications: To understand the impacts of suckling and the male effect on the duration of postpartum anestrus, as well as the participation of kisspeptin in the regulation of both effects, will allow designing management strategies to improve the reproductive efficiency of the ewes. Findings/Conclusions: Controlled suckling and the male effect reduce postpartum anestrus and improve the reproductive behavior of the ewes; advancing knowledge of the kisspeptin effect could improve the effectiveness of both techniques.

Evaluation of Different eCG Doses + Progesterone to Induce Reproductive Activity During the Transitional Reproductive Season in Anestrous Creole Goats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Véliz-Deras ◽  
S. Zúñiga-García ◽  
G. Calderón-Leyva ◽  
J. Otal-Salaverri ◽  
S. Moreno-Avalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Reproductive Seasonality ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Different Doses

Background: Goats from subtropical and temperate latitudes show reproductive seasonality. For this reason, the products obtained from goats also shows the same seasonality, reducing the finances of goat keepers. Several studies have focused on reducing reproductive seasonality through the use of hormonal protocols based on progestogens, in addition to the use of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) hormone, used for its double biological activity that ensures an optimal response to induce estrus and pregnancy in goats. The objective was to assess whether reduced doses of eCG are effective in inducing reproductive activity in anestrous goats. Methods: During the transition reproductive period (June), mix-breed Creole goats (n=39), were treated with intramuscular progesterone (P4), later, the experimental treatments, consisting in different doses (50, 100, 50+50 or 200 IU) of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) were applied. After the application of the experimental protocols, the reproductive activity of the goats was evaluated. Result: This study shows that one dose of 100 IU of eCG effectively induced reproductive behavior in anestrous Creole goats towards the end of the seasonal anestrus. This protocol makes the use of exogenous hormones more efficient, with reduce doses, decreasing expenses and is practical use by goat producers.

scholarly journals Sheep reproductive management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Ramírez-Reyes ◽  
Y. Marín-Osorio ◽  
M.P. Arzola-Hernández ◽  
X. Santiago Pérez ◽  
J. Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Sexual Strategies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Primary Sector

Objective: To describe some reproductive management programs that allow increasing the productive efficiency of ewes. Design/methodology/approach: Description of the main hormones and their application in sheep reproductive management protocols. The subjects are reviewed based on academic references as well as on their use in sheep reproductive protocols at the Sheep and Goat Reproduction Laboratory of the Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico. Results: Hormones, socio-sexual strategies, reproductive protocols and techniques are tools that improve the reproductive efficiency of ewes during the reproductive season and seasonal anestrus. Study limitations/implications: The basic techniques of reproductive management and protocols in sheep are mostly available, however, they still have room for improvement, therefore, multiple efforts involving all participants, such as the primary sector, public and private institutions, are required. Findings/conclusions: Reproductive management is an important pillar for animal production; thus its implementation is fundamental to improve the reproductive and productive efficiency of a herd

scholarly journals Optimizing nutrition and oral health for caregivers—intervention protocol

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Nykänen ◽  
Tarja Välimäki ◽  
Liisa Suominen ◽  
Ursula Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Care Recipients

Abstract Background The focus of care has shifted from institutional care to home care. Family caregivers provide the majority of home care that allows an opportunity for their care recipients to live at home and avoid costly institutional care. The aim of this study is to describe the nutritional status, oral health, and quality of life of family caregivers over the age of 65 and their care recipients, and to evaluate the impact of individually tailored diet and oral health advice to their nutritional status and oral health. Methods/design Altogether, 250 family caregivers aged 65 or over, and their care recipients are studied in this prospective randomized population-based multidisciplinary 6-month intervention study. Participants are randomly allocated to the intervention groups or the control group. Data collection is performed at three time-points: at baseline and 6 months and after a 6-month follow-up at 12 months. Caregivers’ and their care recipients’ nutritional and oral health status as a primary outcome, and functional ability, cognitive status, quality of life, depression symptoms, sense of coherence, morbidity, and medication of family caregivers as secondary outcomes will be measured using validated self-administered questionnaires and clinical examinations. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first experiment to determine whether caregivers and their care recipients benefit from individual nutritional intervention and oral health intervention in terms of nutrition status, oral health status, and quality of life. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04003493. Registered on June 28, 2019

scholarly journals Oocyte quality of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) during the reproductive season

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM. Galo ◽  
RP. Ribeiro ◽  
DP. Streit-Junior ◽  
DM. Albuquerque ◽  
DC. Fornari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Northern Brazil

The study aimed to analyze the Colossoma macropomum reproductive behavior and quality of the female gametes throughout the reproductive season. The experiment was carried out in Pimenta Bueno - Rondônia State (Northern Brazil) during the reproductive season (2010-2011) using 36 females. Each sampling was performed on a 15 ± 5 days interval. Female gametes were collected by stripping and the following analyses were performed: weight of oocytes released (g); productivity index, fertilization and hatching rate. During the sampling period was verified effect (p < 0.05) of collecting time into the season for oocytes weight, productivity index and fertilization rate. Although the period 3 (December) did not differ significantly from other periods, it showed better parameters for the quality of C. macropomum oocytes.

scholarly journals Reproductive management of the goat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. González-Maldonado ◽  
Erika A. Martínez-Moreno ◽  
Javier F. Domínguez-Caballero ◽  
C.A. Herrera-Corredor ◽  
J. Gallegos-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Technical Training ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Animal Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Natural Means

Objective: To share technical aspects with specialists in animal reproduction and producers that could help to improve the reproductive capacity of caprine livestock. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific evidence and experience in the reproductive management of goats are the basis that sustains the information presented in this article. Results: The goat is widely distributed in Mexico; it is a species with seasonal reproductive activity, but of easy manipulation with hormonal and natural means. Presently there is a large variety of biotechnologies that can be applied in the production units, to potentiate the reproductive activity of the goat. Study Limitations/Implications: The lack of knowledge and the lack of consulting and technical training limit the productive and reproductive potential of goat breeding in Mexico. Findings/Conclusions: Knowledge of the reproductive physiology of the goat and understanding of the means available to manipulate it guarantees its reproduction at the time and in the conditions desired by the producer and the market

scholarly journals Impact of migration on child health in urban India: Evidence from NFHS-3

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Narayan ◽  
Aditya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Cooking Fuel ◽  
Urban India

Using data from the third round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2005-06), the present study examined the effect of quality of housing on the risk of anthropometric failure and child health status among migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. It is very urgent to from the policy and program perspective to understand whether source of safe drinking water, type of toilet facilities, and type of housing and cooking fuel really make a difference when it comes to the health and nutritional status of Indian children, particularly the urban poor. The main findings from the present studies indicate the poor nutritional and health status of migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. There were also large interstate disparities in anthropometric failures and ARI & diarrhea among migrant and non-migrant children across various Indian states. Result from the multivariate analysis suggest that poor source of sanitation facilities and poor quality of housing significantly raised the risk of stunting and diarrhea, whereas use of safe cooking fuel reduces the likelihood of ARI among children in urban India. However, we do not find any significant effect of quality of housing on the risk of underweight and wasting. Furthermore, few of the findings from the analysis appear in opposite directions that should be interpreted with caution which might be possible due to small sample size in few categories. Therefore, we need further in-depth research at micro-level to explore the plausible mechanism of how does housing quality influence child health and nutritional status in urban India.

scholarly journals Health Check for Early Detection of Health Status of Residents of Lebak Pari 2 Hamlet, Lebak Regency [Pemeriksaan Kesehatan dalam Rangka Deteksi Dini Status Kesehatan Warga Dusun Lebak Pari 2, Kabupaten Lebak]

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Nanda Aula Rumana ◽  
Laras Sitoayu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Stage 1

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are the biggest cause of death in Indonesia. In 2016 in Indonesia, an estimated 73% of people died of PTM. Factors that cause slow handling in PTM are early symptoms that are not too visible. Even though it can be detected earlier so that it can be prevented. Early detection is one of the key components in overcoming the incidence of PTM. The purpose of this community service is to provide a free examination to find out the health status of Dusun Lebak Pari 2 so that people pay more attention to their health in the hope of reducing mortality and morbidity and can improve the quality of life. Method of this community service is a health check up on the community and a visit to several homes that have conditions for people with serious illnesses. The results showed that from several examinations carried out, nutritional status (BMI) included the normal category, normal fasting blood sugar, but the category of hypertension in the community had entered the stage 1 hypertension classification. It is hoped that the community can reduce cigarette consumption because it is proven to be the highest contributor to hypertension cases in the region.

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