scholarly journals Reporting Cultural Adaptation in Psychological Trials – The RECAPT criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Heim ◽  
Ricarda Mewes ◽  
Jinane Abi Ramia ◽  
Heide Glaesmer ◽  
Brian Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Intervention Adaptation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background There is a lack of empirical evidence on the level of cultural adaptation required for psychological interventions developed in Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies to be effective for the treatment of common mental disorders among culturally and ethnically diverse groups. This lack of evidence is partly due to insufficient documentation of cultural adaptation in psychological trials. Standardised documentation is needed in order to enhance empirical and meta-analytic evidence. Process A “Task force for cultural adaptation of mental health interventions for refugees” was established to harmonise and document the cultural adaptation process across several randomised controlled trials testing psychological interventions for mental health among refugee populations in Germany. Based on the collected experiences, a sub-group of the task force developed the reporting criteria presented in this paper. Thereafter, an online survey with international experts in cultural adaptation of psychological interventions was conducted, including two rounds of feedback. Results The consolidation process resulted in eleven reporting criteria to guide and document the process of cultural adaptation of psychological interventions in clinical trials. A template for documenting this process is provided. The eleven criteria are structured along A) Set-up; B) Formative research methods; C) Intervention adaptation; D) Measuring outcomes and implementation. Conclusions Reporting on cultural adaptation more consistently in future psychological trials will hopefully improve the quality of evidence and contribute to examining the effect of cultural adaptation on treatment efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability.

scholarly journals Standardised research methods and documentation in cultural adaptation: The need, the potential and future steps

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Heim ◽  
Christine Knaevelsrud
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
Cultural Adaptations

Background Refugees and asylum seekers in Europe are affected by high prevalence of common mental disorders. Under the call ‘mental health of refugee populations’, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FMER) funded a series of research projects to test evidence-based psychological interventions among refugee populations in Germany. In addition, the “Task force for cultural adaptation of mental health interventions for refugees” was established to develop a structured procedure for harmonising and documenting cultural adaptations across the FMER-funded research projects. Method A template for documenting cultural adaptations in a standardised manner was developed and completed by researchers in their respective projects. Documentation contained original data from formative research, as well as references and other sources that had been used during the adaptation process. All submitted templates and additional materials were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Research projects under the FMER call include minors, adults, and families from different origins with common mental disorders. Two studies used and adapted existing manuals for the treatment of PTSD. Four studies adapted existing transdiagnostic manuals, three of which had already been developed with a culture-sensitive focus. Four other studies developed new intervention manuals using evidence-based treatment components. The levels of cultural adaptation varied across studies, ranging from surface adaptations of existing manuals to the development of new, culture-sensitive interventions for refugees. Conclusions Cultural adaptation is often an iterative process of piloting, feedback, and further adaptation. Having a documentation system in place from start helps structuring this process and increases transparency.

scholarly journals Cultural Adaptation of Scalable Psychological Interventions: A New Conceptual Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Heim ◽  
Brandon A. Kohrt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Diverse Groups

The worldwide mental health treatment gap calls for scaling-up psychological interventions, which requires effective implementation in diverse cultural settings. Evidence from the field of global mental health and cultural clinical psychology indicates cultural variation in how symptoms of common mental disorders are expressed, and how culturally diverse groups explain the emergence of such symptoms. An increasing number of studies have examined to what extent cultural adaptation enhances the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions among culturally diverse groups. To date, this evidence is inconclusive, and there is a lack of studies that dismantle the multiple types of modifications involved in cultural adaptation. Based on empirical evidence from ethnopsychological studies, cultural adaptation research, and psychotherapy research, the present paper offers a new conceptual framework for cultural adaptation that lays the groundwork for future empirical research. The cultural adaptation framework encompasses three elements: i) cultural concepts of distress; ii) treatment components; and iii) treatment delivery. These three elements have been discussed in literature but rarely tested in methodologically rigorous studies. Innovative research designs are needed to empirically test the relevance of these adaptation elements, to better understand the substantial modifications that enhance acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions. Using a theory-driven approach and innovative experimental designs, research on cultural adaptation has the potential not only to make psychological treatments more accessible for culturally adverse groups, but also to further advance empirical research on the basic question about the “key ingredients” of psychotherapy. The phenomenology of common mental disorders, as well as mind-body concepts, vary across cultures. Cultural adaptation may enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions. There is a lack of empirical evidence on the substantial modifications in cultural adaptation. Theory-driven, experimental approaches are needed in cultural adaptation research. The phenomenology of common mental disorders, as well as mind-body concepts, vary across cultures. Cultural adaptation may enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions. There is a lack of empirical evidence on the substantial modifications in cultural adaptation. Theory-driven, experimental approaches are needed in cultural adaptation research.

scholarly journals The Mental Health Task Force Support Group

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
John Wattis ◽  
Chris Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Health Market ◽  
Adequate Provision ◽  
To Come ◽  
Set Up

The Mental Health Task Force was set up by the Secretary of State for Health under the leadership of David King to assist in the process of the closure of the large mental hospitals and to ensure adequate provision was made to replace their services. Its strategic objectives, to be accomplished by the end of 1994, were to map the replacement of the remaining large institutions by good quality services, ensuring that this happened effectively; to identify what makes a service good and find ways of ensuring that services possessed these qualities; and to develop a vision of the shape of the mental health market in years to come. To assist in this a wide support group of about 20 people was set up. This included representatives of the Department of Health, Research and Development in Psychiatry, carer organisations, users, social services, general practice, nursing and the Royal College of Psychiatrists. The authors represented the College.

Short and Long Haul Pilots Rosters, Stress, Sleep Problems, Fatigue, Mental Health, and Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 786-797
Author(s):  
Marion Venus ◽  
Martin grosse Holtforth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Health And Well Being

OBJECTIVE: This research was conducted to compare short haul (SH) and long haul (LH) pilots regarding sleep restrictions and fatigue risks on flight duty, stress, sleep problems, fatigue severity, well-being, and mental health. METHOD: There were 406 international SH and LH pilots who completed the cross-sectional online survey. Pilots sleep restrictions and fatigue-risk profiles (e.g., time pressure, late arrivals, minimum rest), sleep problems, fatigue severity, well-being, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and common mental disorders (CMD) were measured and compared for SH and LH pilots. RESULTS: Although SH and LH pilots were scheduled for only 51.465.4% of the legally allowed duty and flight hours, 44.8% of SH pilots reported severe fatigue (FSS 4 to 4.9), and an additional 31.7% high fatigue (FSS 5), compared with 34.7% and 37.3% LH pilots. Considerable sleep problems in 8 nights/mo were reported by 24.6% SH vs. 23.5% LH pilots. Positive depression screenings were reported by 18.1% SH and 19.3% LH pilots. Positive anxiety screenings were reported by 9.6% SH and 5% LH pilots. Of all investigated pilots, 20% reported significant symptoms of depression or anxiety, and 7.23% had positive depression and anxiety screenings. LH pilots reported significantly better well-being than SH pilots. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that even far less duty and flight hours than legally allowed according to flight time limitations lead to high levels of fatigue, sleep problems, and significant mental health issues among pilots. SH pilots were even more affected than LH pilots. Pilots fatigue should be considered an immediate threat to aviation safety and pilots fitness to fly by promoting fatigue and burnout. Venus M, grosse Holtforth M. Short and long haul pilots rosters, stress, sleep problems, fatigue, mental health, and well-being. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(10):786797.

scholarly journals The Influence of Personality, Resilience, and Alexithymia on Mental Health During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Adelaide Osimo ◽  
Marilena Aiello ◽  
Claudio Gentili ◽  
Silvio Ionta ◽  
Cinzia Cecchetto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Health It ◽  
Psychological Attributes

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries worldwide have put lockdowns in place to prevent the virus from spreading. Evidence shows that lockdown measures can affect mental health; it is, therefore, important to identify the psychological characteristics making individuals more vulnerable. The present study aimed, first, to identify, through a cluster analysis, the psychological attributes that characterize individuals with similar psychological responses to the COVID-19 home confinement; second, to investigate whether different psychological characteristics, such as personality traits, alexithymia, and resilience, specifically influence anxiety, stress, and depression, depending on the scope of the confinement. We analyzed data from 393 participants who completed an online survey on their experiences during two different phases of the Italian lockdown, characterized by more or less strict measures of confinement. Two clusters were identified which included participants reporting a better (+ER) and worse (−ER) emotional response to the lockdown, respectively. Individuals in the −ER group showed lower emotional stability, resilience, and higher alexithymia. Moreover, even if lifting part of the restrictions decreased psychological distress among all participants, a reduction in perceived stress was observed only among individuals with high resilience. Finally, personality traits, alexithymia, and resilience differently affected depression, anxiety, and stress. Our results suggest that different psychological interventions should be planned depending on the context: mental health professionals should focus on enhancing the individuals’ coping strategies to alleviate stress in emergencies, while long-term intervention aiming at alleviating anxiety and depressive symptoms should focus on alexithymic tendencies and personality constructs.

scholarly journals Development of the mental health cultural adaptation and contextualization for implementation (mhCACI) procedure: a systematic framework to prepare evidence-based psychological interventions for scaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manaswi Sangraula ◽  
Brandon A. Kohrt ◽  
Renasha Ghimire ◽  
Pragya Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra P. Luitel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Step Process

Abstract Background Because of the high burden of untreated mental illness in humanitarian settings and low- and middle-income countries, scaling-up effective psychological interventions require a cultural adaptation process that is feasible and acceptable. Our adaptation process incorporates changes into both content and implementation strategies, with a focus on local understandings of distress and treatment mechanisms of action. Methods Building upon the ecological validity model, we developed a 10-step process, the mental health Cultural Adaptation and Contextualization for Implementation (mhCACI) procedure, and piloted this approach in Nepal for Group Problem Management Plus (PM+), a task-sharing intervention, proven effective for adults with psychological distress in low-resource settings. Detailed documentation tools were used to ensure rigor and transparency during the adaptation process. Findings The mhCACI is a 10-step process: (1) identify mechanisms of action, (2) conduct a literature desk review for the culture and context, (3) conduct a training-of-trainers, (4) translate intervention materials, (5) conduct an expert read-through of the materials, (6) qualitative assessment of intervention population and site, (7) conduct practice rounds, (8) conduct an adaptation workshop with experts and implementers, (9) pilot test the training, supervision, and implementation, and (10) review through process evaluation. For Group PM+, key adaptations were harmonizing the mechanisms of action with cultural models of ‘tension’; modification of recruitment procedures to assure fit; and development of a skills checklist. Conclusion A 10-step mhCACI process could feasibly be implemented in a humanitarian setting to rapidly prepare a psychological intervention for widespread implementation.

scholarly journals A cultural experience to support mental health in people aged 16–24 during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to a typical museum website: study protocol of an online randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Syed Sheriff ◽  
Matti Vuorre ◽  
Evgenia Riga ◽  
Andrew K. Przybylski ◽  
Helen Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Young People ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Ways Of Being

Abstract Background Despite the high prevalence of common mental disorders in adolescents and young adults, and their association with poor health and socio-economic outcomes throughout the lifespan, many young people do not seek or receive help for such disorders. There is growing interest in the community sector in supporting mental health in young people; however, there is little by way of experimental research in this area. During the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown, we designed an online cultural experience to reduce anxiety and depression and support mental health in people aged 16–24. Methods/design The O-ACE POP (Online Active Community Engagement Proof of Principle) study is a UK-based online randomised controlled trial of an online cultural experience named Ways of Being, involving human centred narratives and viewpoints, compared with a typical museum website (the Ashmolean Museum). We aim to compare efficacy on  affect,  symptoms of epression and anxiety, flourishing and loneliness as well as investigating potential mechanisms of action. Discussion The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to design an innovative approach to supporting mental health in young adults. Findings derived from this study will allow us to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention and will inform the design of studies to further refine the resource and test it further. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04663594. Registered on 11 December 2020 (submitted in same form 27 November 2020). Protocol v1.0: 27 November 2020. Date recruitment began: 4 December 2020. Recruitment complete (estimate): February 2021

scholarly journals A Cultural Experience to support Mental Health in People Aged 16-24 During COVID-19 Compared to a Typical Museum Website: Study Protocol of an Online Randomised Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Syed Sheriff ◽  
Matti Vuorre ◽  
Evgenia Riga ◽  
Andrew K Przybylski ◽  
Helen Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Young People ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Ways Of Being

Abstract Background: Despite the high prevalence of common mental disorders in adolescents and young adults, and their association with poor health and socio-economic outcomes throughout the lifespan, many young people do not seek or receive help for such disorders. There is growing interest in the community sector in supporting mental health in young people, however, there is little by way of experimental research in this area. During the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown we designed an online cultural experience to reduce anxiety and depression and promote positive mental health in people aged 16-24. Methods/design: The O-ACE POP (Online Active Community Engagement Proof of Principle) study is a randomised controlled trial of an online cultural experience named Ways of Being, based on human centred narratives and viewpoints, compared with a typical museum website (the Ashmolean Museum). We aim to compare efficacy on mood, distress (depression and anxiety), flourishing and loneliness as well as investigating potential mechanisms of action, and feasibility of a larger scale RCT. Discussion: COVID-19 has provided a unique opportunity to design an innovative approach to supporting mental health in young adults. Findings derived from this study will allow us to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention and will inform the design of studies to further refine the resource and test it further.Trial StatusTrial Registration: NCT04663594First Registered: 11th Dec 2020 (submitted in same form 27th Nov 2020)Protocol v1.0: 3rd Dec 2020Date recruitment began: 4th Dec 2020Recruitment complete (estimate): Feb 2021

scholarly journals The experiences of lay health workers trained in task-shifting psychological interventions: a qualitative systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujala Shahmalak ◽  
Amy Blakemore ◽  
Mohammad W. Waheed ◽  
Waquas Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Task Shifting ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Lay Health Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Therapy Delivery

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of common mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, is high and the demand for psychological interventions and talking therapies is increasing. In order to meet this need, it is necessary to explore alternative methods to deliver talking therapies. Training lay health workers (LHWs) to deliver psychological interventions might be one possible solution to address current gaps in service provision. A number of studies have successfully used this approach to deliver psychological interventions in order to meet the demand for mental health care. Despite increased interest in this area, the evidence has not been synthesised or systematically reviewed. Methods Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBBASE, PsycINFO and CINHAL) were systematically searched to specifically capture studies on task-shifting psychological interventions for common mental disorders. Data were extracted on the experiences of the lay-workers on training and therapy delivery. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Themes and subthemes of LHWs views on receiving training, barriers and facilitators to therapy delivery, factors required to become a successful therapist and the impact of training and therapy delivery on the therapists are described. Results 10 studies were eligible for inclusion. Key messages were: LHWs were satisfied with training but wanted more robust supervision; not enough time was given to training on understanding mental health problems; LHWs grew in confidence and this impacted on their personal relationships with others. Conclusion This is the first review to explore LHWs experiences in training and therapy delivery by synthesising existing qualitative research. A number of key messages derived out of this review can help in further improving the quality of the training programmes and highlighting the benefits that are available for the LHW in delivering psychological interventions.

scholarly journals Preventive and responsive plans to COVID-19 epidemic in a leading teaching hospital in Milan, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bellini ◽  
E Bossi ◽  
D Bucci ◽  
M Capraro ◽  
F Chiappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
First Case ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract Issue Following the SARS-Cov-2 outbreak in Wuhan, China, the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Codogno, Lombardy, Italy, on 20 February 2020. The ongoing epidemic has exposed the health care system to a severe stress. San Raffaele Hospital (OSR) in Milan, Italy - a leader in the emergency management, may provide a benchmarking experience useful for other countries. Description of the Problem OSR has established a task force including the health care director, the Infections Prevention and Control Committee (IPCC) and the head of ward and outpatients' facilities management area in order to assess the situation and to define a multi-step strategy. The management process has been divided in two steps. Firstly, a preventive phase was devised, in a preparedness perspective, to avoid the spread of the infection to the Healthcare Professionals (HCP). Secondly, a reorganizational phase was implemented to guarantee assistance to infected patients, especially the critical ones. Results Before the outbreak, the IPCC updated OSR's procedures, based on the WHO's, national and regional guidance, planned a lectures series and an online survey to train healthcare professionals and proposed to stack Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to face the expected shortage. The Head of the facilities management area defined separate pathways in the Emergency Department in order to isolate patients with respiratory symptoms, set up a new ward, with 26 beds and dedicated personnel, as well as two Intensive Care Units, with 13 beds, Some wards were merged and more healthcare workers were moved to the COVID-19 units. Lessons The coordination between task force members has been crucial for translating the multi-step strategy in a quick reorganization of the whole hospital. Despite early preparations, we could not anticipate the evolution of the outbreak and its logistic impact, especially on the PPE procurement. Key messages A major Hospital was proved to be capable to respond to the changing healthcare requests. Organizational flexibility is crucial for proper emergency management.

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