scholarly journals Bronchial obstruction and resistance to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
E.O. Asanov ◽  
Yu.I. Holubova ◽  
I.A. Diba ◽  
S.O. Asanova ◽  
G.P. Voynarovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tissue Hypoxia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Arterial Hypoxemia ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Age-related morphofunctional changes in the body lead to the development of arterial hypoxemia, tissue hypoxia and hypoxic changes. All this causes a decrease in the body’s resistance to hypoxia and contributes to the development of lung diseases, in particular, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the elderly. With the development of COPD in the elderly due to bronchial obstruction and disorders of pulmonary gas exchange, age-related hypoxic shifts, arterial hypoxemia, tissue hypoxia and resistance to hypoxia are further reduced. However, the relationship between bronchial obstruction and resistance to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD has not been studied. Objective. To identify the relationship between bronchial patency and resistance to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD. Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with COPD in the elderly (60-74 years), I-II stage, without exacerbation, with a disease duration of 7 to 26 years, risk groups A and B. The type and severity of pulmonary ventilation were assessed indicators of spirometry and the curve “flow/volume” of forced exhalation on the device Spirobank (Mir, Italy). To determine the body’s resistance to hypoxia, a hypoxic test with 12 % oxygen content was performed for 12 min with monitoring of blood saturation using the automated software and hardware complex Hypotron (Ukraine). Results. Researches have shown that under hypoxic exposure, blood saturation in elderly patients with COPD is reduced, on average, by 18.23±0.26 %. This decrease in blood saturation can be regarded as severe arterial hypoxemia. At the same time, in elderly patients with COPD with an increase in bronchial patency disorders, the saturation shifts in hypoxia, on average, also increase. There was a significant correlation (r=0.50; p=0.006) of blood saturation shifts in hypoxia with bronchial obstruction. Conclusions. In elderly patients with COPD, resistance to hypoxia is determined by bronchial obstruction.

scholarly journals Hypoxia resistance among the agedpatients with chronic obstructive lung disease: possibilities of using hypoxic trains

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Iryna Dyba ◽  
Ervin Asanov ◽  
Seviliya Asanova ◽  
Juliya Holubova
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Age Related

Age-related morphological and functional changes in the body lead to the development of arterial hypoxemia, tissue hypoxia and hypoxic changes, which reduces the body's resistance to hypoxia and contributes to the development of lung diseases, in particular chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the elderly. The aim of the study was to clarify the effect of interval normobaric hypoxic training (INHT) on hypoxia resistance in elderly patients with COPD. The survey showed that with an increase in bronchial obstruction, the shifts of blood saturation during hypoxia increase. The course of INHT leads to increased resistance to hypoxia, and also increases the ventilation response to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD.

scholarly journals Melatonin, aging, and COVID-19: Could melatonin be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment in the elderly?

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1504-1512
Author(s):  
Güler ÖZTÜRK ◽  
Kazime Gonca AKBULUT ◽  
Şevin GÜNEY
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Free Radical Reactions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

The aim of this review is to summarize current studies on the relationship between melatonin and aging. Nowadays, age-related diseases come into prominence, and identifying age-related changes and developing proper therapeutic approaches are counted as some of the major issues regarding community health. Melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland. Melatonin is known to influence many biological processes in the body, including circadian rhythms, the immune system, and neuroendocrine and cardiovascular functions.Melatoninrhythms also reflect the biological process of aging. Aging is an extremely complex and multifactorial process. Melatonin levels decline considerably with aging and its decline is associated with several age-related diseases. Aging is closely associated with oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Free radical reactions initiated by the mitochondria constitute the inherent aging process. Melatonin plays a pivotal role in preventing age-related oxidative stress. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatality rates increase with chronic diseases and age, where melatonin levels decrease. For this reason, melatonin supplementation in elderly could be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, studies on the usage of melatonin in COVID-19 treatment are needed.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Elderly: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana He ◽  
Yuelin Zhang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Shun Zhang ◽  
Honghua Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

With the advent of population aging, aging-related diseases have become a challenge for governments worldwide. Sarcopenia has defined as a clinical syndrome associated with age-related loss such as skeletal muscle mass, strength, function, and physical performance. It is commonly seen in elderly patients with chronic diseases. Changes in lean mass are common critical determinants in the pathophysiology and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Sarcopenia may be one of the most important causes of poor physical function and decreased cardiopulmonary function in elderly patients with CVDs. Sarcopenia may induce CVDs through common pathogenic pathways such as malnutrition, physical inactivity, insulin resistance, inflammation; these mechanisms interact. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and CVDs in the elderly. Further research is urgently needed to understand better the relationship, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and mechanisms of sarcopenia and CVDs, which may shed light on potential interventions to improve clinical outcomes and provide greater insight into the disorders above.

scholarly journals Experience of using apitherapy in elderly patients with discirculatory encephalopathy

1997 ◽  
Vol XXIX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 95-97
Author(s):  
Е. A. Antipenko ◽  
L. M. Anisimova ◽  
А. V. Deryugina ◽  
А. V. Gustov ◽  
V. N. Krylov
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Difficulties in treating discirculatory encephalopathy (DE) in the elderly are caused by a combination of degenerative and vascular processes, which mutually burden each other. The development of the disease against the background of natural aging of the body makes it necessary to take into account age-related changes in the reactivity of the body, a decrease in its adaptive capabilities, and a violation of the mechanisms of autoregulation [6]. This whole complex of pathological changes requires a special therapeutic approach that considers the body as a single functional system. It can be assumed that drugs of a non-specific plan will be effective, mobilizing the internal reserves of an aging organism.

scholarly journals Perioperative Multimodal Anesthesia Using Regional Techniques in the Aging Surgical Patient

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Nordquist ◽  
Thomas M. Halaszynski
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Age Related

Background. Elderly patients have unique age-related comorbidities that may lead to an increase in postoperative complications involving neurological, pulmonary, cardiac, and endocrine systems. There has been an increase in the number of elderly patients undergoing surgery as this portion of the population is increasing in numbers. Despite advances in perioperative anesthesia and analgesia along with improved delivery systems, monotherapy with opioids continues to be the mainstay for treatment of postop pain. Reliance on only opioids can oftentimes lead to inadequate pain control or increase in the incidence of adverse events. Multimodal analgesia incorporating regional anesthesia is a promising alternative that may reduce needs for high doses and dependence on opioids along with any potential associated adverse effects. Methods. The following databases were searched for relevant published trials: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PubMed. Textbooks and meeting supplements were also utilized. The authors assessed trial quality and extracted data. Conclusions. Multimodal drug therapy and perioperative regional techniques can be very effective to perioperative pain management in the elderly. Regional anesthesia as part of multimodal perioperative treatment can often reduce postoperative neurological, pulmonary, cardiac, and endocrine complications. Regional anesthesia/analgesia has not been proven to improve long-term morbidity but does benefit immediate postoperative pain control. In addition, multimodal drug therapy utilizes a variety of nonopioid analgesic medications in order to minimize dosages and adverse effects from opioids while maximizing analgesic effect and benefit.

Abstract P329: White Matter Score Does Not Predict Post-tPA Hemorrhage in Elderly Patients Evaluated Acutely via Telestroke

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Tariq ◽  
Shekhar Khanpara ◽  
Eliana Bonfante Mejia ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Christy T Ankrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Periventricular White Matter ◽  
Severe Stroke ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Patient Presentation

Background: While tPA may be safe in the elderly, increasing age appears to augment risk of post-tPA symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Age-related white matter changes (ARWMC) are associated with increased sICH. Patients evaluated for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) via telestroke (TS) may not have access to MRI to allow incorporation of microbleeds in tPA decisions. We assessed if increased CT-based ARWMC was associated with increased sICH in elderly patients. Methods: Patients 80 years and older who received tPA for AIS at spoke hospitals were selected from our TS network registry from 9/2015 to 12/2018. TS spoke CT scans from patient presentation were reviewed by three of the authors for periventricular white matter (PWMC) and deep white matter (DWMC) changes. Total ARWMC score, based on the Fazekas score, was collected. Total ARWMC score was either mild (0-2), moderate (3-4), or severe (5-6). PWMC and DWMC were either mild (0-1) or moderate-severe (2-3). Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, NIHSS and premorbid mRS was used to analyze relationship of ARWMC scores with sICH and patient-outcomes. Results: Of 241 patients, median age overall was 86 years (IQR 83-90), and 66% were female. The overall median ARWMC score was 3 (IQR 2-5). Regression analysis showed that more severe ARWMC scores did not lead to higher frequency of post-tPA ICH (moderate OR 0.57, CI 0.19-1.71; severe OR 1.32, CI 0.48-3.65) including sICH (moderate OR 0.78, CI 0.21-2.94; severe OR 2.09, CI 0.62-7.02). Similarly, severe PWMC and DWMC were not associated with increased risk of post-tPA ICH (PWMC OR 1.31, CI 0.51-3.38; DWMC OR 1.25, CI 0.52-3.01), including sICH (PWMC OR 1.61, CI 0.51-5.08; DWMC OR 1.81, CI 0.65-5.01). In our cohort, older patients had no difference in hemorrhage (ICH OR 0.93 CI 0.85-1.00: sICH OR 0.95 CI 0.86-1.04), and patients with less severe stroke were more likely to have hemorrhage (ICH OR 1.06 CI 1.02-1.10; sICH OR 1.08 CI 1.03-1.13). IRR among the CT scan readers was moderate (k=0.504). Conclusions: ARWMC scores were not associated with post-tPA ICH in the elderly. Our analysis lends support for the use of tPA despite severity of white matter disease. ARWMC should not be used to assist in tPA decision-making in elderly patients via telestroke.

Aging alters calcium regulation of serum concentration of parathyroid hormone in healthy men

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. E139-E146 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Portale ◽  
E. T. Lonergan ◽  
D. M. Tanney ◽  
B. P. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the effect of aging on the relationship between the concentrations of blood ionized calcium and of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) in 22 healthy men [9 elderly (age 74 +/- 2 yr) and 13 young (age 39 +/- 1 yr)] in whom the glomerular filtration rate was > 70 ml/min. Throughout a 24-h period, serum concentrations of PTH in the elderly men were twice those in the young men, whereas blood ionized calcium did not differ between the two groups. With intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate, the minimum PTH concentration was two- to threefold higher in the elderly men. With infusion of NaEDTA. the maximum PTH concentration was 20% higher in the elderly men. The calcium set point for PTH release was higher in the elderly than in the young men (4.71 +/- 0.04 vs. 4.54 +/- 0.03 mg/dl, respectively, P < 0.005). In these healthy men, the age-related increase in serum PTH could not be attributed to a sustained decrease in concentration of either blood ionized calcium or 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D. These findings suggest that, with aging, the relationship between calcium and PTH is altered such that at any given level of calcium, the concentration of PTH is higher.

Optimizing Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in the Elderly

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1852-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Garnett
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epilepsy In The Elderly ◽  
Clonic Seizures

OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the medical literature concerning antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in elderly patients. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (1982–December 2004) was conducted. Bibliographies of the articles identified were also reviewed, and an Internet search engine was used to identify additional pertinent references. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Clinical studies and reviews were evaluated, and relevant information was included. DATA SYNTHESIS The elderly have the highest incidence of seizures among all age groups. Complex partial seizures are the most common, followed by primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures. An accurate diagnosis may prove difficult because of a low suspicion of epilepsy in the elderly and other diseases that may mimic seizures. Most AEDs are approved for treatment of elderly patients who have partial and tonic–clonic seizures. However, a number of age-related variables should be addressed when selecting an appropriate AED. Age-dependent differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AEDs must be taken into account. Drug–drug interactions must be considered since elderly people often take multiple medications. The ultimate factor that often determines AED selection is tolerability. CONCLUSIONS Numerous factors must be considered in treating elderly patients for seizures, but maximizing the ability of patients to tolerate drug therapy is often the basis for AED selection. Special consideration should be made along several lines, including elderly patients’ cognitive functioning and their tendency to respond to lower AED concentrations.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Acute Confusing State and the Comorbidities of the Elderly Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2415-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Carmen Albu ◽  
Raluca Elena Sandu ◽  
Andreea Lili Barbulescu ◽  
Elena-Anca Tartea ◽  
Emilia Burada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hepatic Pathology

The aim of the study was to assess the correlations between the acute confusing syndrome and different comorbidities found in a group of 126 elderly patients with this diagnosis, who were admitted to the Neurology Clinic of the Neuropsychiatry Hospital of Craiova. The main syndromes highlighted at the neurological examination were confusing, pyramidal and vestibular syndromes. The acute confusing syndrome has a multifactorial etiology, due to the wide range of comorbidities encountered in elderly patients. In our study the most frequent comorbidities were cardiovascular pathology, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cerebrovascular renal, hepatic pathology.

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