scholarly journals Analyzing Complex Predicates in Karo Language using Syntactic Parsing

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Karisma Erikson Tarigan ◽  
Margaret Stevani
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Syntactic Parsing ◽  
Single Event ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Complex Predicate ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tree Diagram

This study characterized the complex predicate and multiple events where the multi-verb single clause realises a single event in syntax and examined the complex sentences containing multiple verbal predicates. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The data sources used were sentences containing karo sentence clauses and was classified based on the elements of complex Predicates in a tree diagram and the RRG account of nexus-juncture relations theory by Nolan, 2005 & Van Valin, 2005. The findings showed that event, argument, and semantic could be realized in syntactic meaning to reveal complex predicates. The tightest syntactic linkages embodied the closer semantic relations and it was signaled by word order. Most of the complex predicates in Karo language have an embedded object.  The core in the nucleus could be appeared not only as one core but two or more complex predicates and it followed by an argument with the form V+V+N and in the form of V+V+N. One argument (Participant/Actor) that involved one core. It assumed that there might be one participant in two events, and there may be two participants in one event. All of Karo language sentences have at least one NP + one VP and they consisted of more than one complex predicates.

scholarly journals PREDIKAT KOMPLEKS DALAM BAHASA ANGKOLA MANDAILING

LITERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Latifah Yusri Nasution ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Interactive Methods ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Complex Predicate ◽  
The Core ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
Complex Construction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Predikat kompleks terbentuk ketika dua atau lebih elemen predikat bergabung ke dalam hubungan subjek dan objek. Penelitian tentang predikat komplek bahasa Angkola Mandailing merupakan media mempelajari bahasa daerah yang mulai ditinggalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan konstruksi predikat kompleks bahasa Angkola Mandailing. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode interaktif dengan teori X-bar. Sumber data penelitian adalah tuturan lisan informan dalam situasi tutur yang alamiah. Pengumpulan data dengan metode simak atau observasi. Analisis dilakukan selama pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, dan pena­rikan simpulan/verifikasi. Analisis data menggunakan metode agih dan disajikan menggunakan metode informal. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, karakteristik predikat kompleks dalam bahasa Angkola Mandailing, yaitu dibentuk dari dua verba atau lebih, letaknya berdampingan, dan memiliki kesamaan aspek dan negasi. Kedua, pola pembentuk predikat kompleks dalam bahasa Angkola Mandailing berupa V1 intransitif + V2 intransitif, V1 transitif + V2 intransitif, V1 intransitif + V2 transitif, dan V1 transitif + V2 transitif. Ketiga, kedua verba atau lebih dalam konstruksi predikat kompleks bahasa Angkola Mandailing sama-sama menjadi verba inti dalam kalimat. Skema X-barnya ialah predikat kompleks (V1+V2) berkombinasi membentuk V’. V’ membentuk FV. FV berkombinasi dengan I membentuk I’. I’ berkombinasi dengan Spes membentuk FI (kalimat). Kata Kunci: konstruksi, predikat kompleks, bahasa Angkola Mandailing COMPLEX PREDICATION IN ANGKOLA MANDAILING LANGUAGE AbstractComplex predicates are formed when two or more predicate elements are joined into the relationship of subjects and objects. Research on the complex predication of the Angkola Mandailing language is a medium for learning the languages of the region that are becoming obsolete. This study is aimed at describing the complex construction of the Angkola Mandailing language. The study uses a qualitative approach with interactive methods with the X-bar theory. The source of the research data is the oral speech of informants in natural speech situations. Data collection is done by listening or observing. The analysis is carried out during the collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion/verification research steps. Data analysis uses the aggregate method and is presented using the informal method. The results of this study indicate that first, the characteristics of complex predicates in the Angkola Mandailing language are formed from two or more verbs, located side by side, and having similar aspects and negations. Second, the complex predicate patterns are intransitive V1 + intransitive V2, transitive V1 + intransitive V1, intransive V1 + transitive V2, and transitive V1 + transitive V2. Third, the two or more verbs in the construction of the complex predicate together become the core verbs in the sentence. The X-bar scheme is a complex predicate (V1+V2) combined to form V '; V ’forms VP; VP combines with I to form I '; and I ’combines with Spes to form IP (sentence). Keywords: grammatical construction, complex predicate, Angkola Mandailing language

Jalan Kesempurnaan Menurut Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil di Cijati Desa Cikareo Selatan Sumedang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Syarifudin Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Each religious sect has its own characteristics, whether fundamental, radical, or religious. One of them is Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, which is in Cijati, South Cikareo Village, Wado District, Sumedang Regency. This congregation is Sufism with the concept of self-purification as the subject of its teachings. So, the purpose of this study is to reveal how the origin of Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, the concept of its purification, and the procedures of achieving its purification. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative theological approach as the blade of analysis. In addition, the data generated is the result of observation, interviews, and document studies. From the collected data, Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil adheres to the core teachings of Islam and is the tenth regeneration of Islam Teachings, which refers to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to this congregation, self-perfection becomes an obligation that must be achieved by human beings in order to remember Allah when life is done. The process of self-purification is done when human beings still live in the world by knowing His God. Therefore, the peak of self-purification is called Insan Kamil. 

scholarly journals Cyclicity and Connectivity in Nez Perce Relative Clauses

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Rose Deal
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Head Noun ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Nez Perce ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Relative Pronouns

This article studies two aspects of movement in relative clauses, focusing on evidence from Nez Perce. First, I argue that relativization involves cyclic Ā-movement, even in monoclausal relatives: the relative operator moves to Spec,CP via an intermediate position in an Ā outer specifier of TP. The core arguments draw on word order, complementizer choice, and a pattern of case attraction for relative pronouns. Ā cyclicity of this type suggests that the TP sister of relative C constitutes a phase—a result whose implications extend to an ill-understood corner of the English that-trace effect. Second, I argue that Nez Perce relativization provides new evidence for an ambiguity thesis for relative clauses, according to which some but not all relatives are derived by head raising. The argument comes from connectivity and anticonnectivity in morphological case. A crucial role is played by a pattern of inverse case attraction, wherein the head noun surfaces in a case determined internal to the relative clause. These new data complement the range of existing arguments concerning head raising, which draw primarily on connectivity effects at the syntax-semantics interface.

Simple Monotransitive and Complex Dative Alternation Predicates in Spanish Monolingual Child Acquisition Data

Probus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Sánchez Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Case Assignment ◽  
Internal Argument ◽  
Complex Predicate ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Dative Alternation ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This work analyzes the acquisition of simple and complex constructions in Spanish monolingual children’s data. It examines the emergence and the role played by adult input in child production of simple monotransitive constructions when compared to two types of complex predicates that undergo dative alternation (DA), namely, a/para-datives and dative-clitic doubled (DCLD) structures. In order to shed light on these issues, we have analyzed data from Spanish monolingual children and from the adults that they interact with, as available in CHILDES (MacWhinney, Brian. 2000. The CHILDES project: Tools for analyzing talk [Dataset], 3rd edn. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum. http://childes.talkbank.org (accessed 20 October 2019)). The results show that there is an order in the onset of simple and complex predicate constructions, as reflected in the earlier emergence of monotransitives when compared to DA constructions. The latter also show a subsequent order of first occurrence, namely, DCLDs before a/para-datives. Thus, the degree of syntactic complexity seems to have played a role in the acquisition of simple and complex constructions, as measured by the number of Case assignment relations between the verb and its internal argument(s). Moreover, the differences in the Spanish monolingual children’s incidence of the three structures under analysis do not appear to be explained by the relative frequency of exposure in the adult input.

scholarly journals The Cultural Messages of Pyramid House in Palembang

Catharsis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Ario Bungsu ◽  
Triyanto Triyanto ◽  
Tjetjep Rohendi Rohidi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wood Construction ◽  
Cultural Message ◽  
Main Construction

Abstract Pyramid House in Palembang is one of the works of art that is still very interesting to be researched today. The problem raised in this study aims to analyze the cultural message of the Pyramid House in Palembang. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study research design. The data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and document study. The results showed that in the manufacture of the Pyramid house, the main construction of traditional buildings used wood construction and a stilt system. The foundation used the construction of piles, the walls used boards, the roof used a leaf or shingle roof. The core parts consisted of the roof of the house, the door, the window, the stairs, and the floor of the house. In general, the typical architectural form of the Pyramid House, namely, the roof was shaped like a severed pyramid. Besides, the uniqueness of the house located in its multi-storey shape (kijing) and the walls were made of wood shaped like planks. Then related to the house name Pyramid, it contained two special meanings, namely, Five and Gold. The word five means the number five, while gold means the precious metal of great value. This is also a symbol of the function of the Pyramid house.  

scholarly journals The Translation Analysis In Sentence Patterns Found In The Novel “Buddha”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
I Made Juliarta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Tree Diagram ◽  
Sentence Patterns ◽  
Data Source

This study aims to: (i) analyze the tree diagram structure of sentence patterns found in the data source, (ii) analyze the types of translation shifts of sentence patterns in the translation process from source language into target language. The novel entitled “Buddha” is a non-fiction book by Karen Armstrong. It tells about an examination of the life, times, and lasting influence of Siddharta Gautama with core tenets of Buddhism introduced throughout history. This research focuses on The Syntax Analysis and Its Translation Found on Sentence Patterns in the Novel entitled “Buddha”. This study aims at analyzing the tree diagram structure and the types of translation shifts found in the novel entitled “Buddha”. The analysis uses the theory of sentence patterns from Quirk and Greenbaum and the theory of translations shift proposed by Catford. The process of collecting data was started by reading the entire data source to understand the story in the novel entitled “Buddha” and observe the data of sentence patterns that can be taken from the story entitled “Buddha”. In the method of collecting data, the data source was read to find out complex sentences and simple sentence found in the story. The finding of the research is that there are seven sentence patterns that are translated by applying unit shift. The researcher uses the theories to support this research. Those are syntax, types of sentences, sentence pattern, tree diagram, and relevant previous studies. Syntax is stated as one of the branches that focus on the sentence structure. This research study uses theory of translation shift proposed by Catford

scholarly journals Derivational Noun in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”

HUMANIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
I Putu Adi Manggala ◽  
I Gede Budiasa ◽  
I Nengah Sudipa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Base Word ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Tree Diagram

The title of this study is Derivational Noun in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”. This study was conducted in order to explain the base form and the meaning of derived noun, and also to explain the tree diagram structure of derived noun in the magazine. The data in this study were taken from the articles in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”.The data were collected by using documentation method and analyzed using qualitative method. The main theories used in analyzing the data are theory of derivational morpheme proposed by Katamba (1993:47), theory of fabricating word proposed by Katamba (1994:56) and the theory of nominalizing of derivational proposed by Randolf Quirk (1973:432). The analysis shows that there are two kinds of derivational process of noun, namely class maintaining and class changing derivation.The derived nouns can be formed by attaching prefix and suffix to base word noun, verb and adjective. The affixes of derived noun also have their own meanings and the tree diagram is used in order to show the constituent structure of the derived noun.

Production and comprehension of graphic symbol utterances expressing complex propositions by adults who use augmentative and alternative communication systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN SUTTON ◽  
JILL P. MORFORD ◽  
TANYA M. GALLAGHER
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Graphic Symbol ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Symbol Display ◽  
Voice Output

We explored production and comprehension of complex sentences constructed using a limited vocabulary on a graphic symbol display with voice output by 25 adults who use augmentative and alternative communication. When asked to construct subject (SS) and object (OS) relative clause sentences, only a minority of participants encoded SS and OS relative clause sentences using different word orders. When asked to interpret graphic symbol utterances, most participants chose an SS interpretation. Thus, the word order used most frequently in production appeared to have a single preferred interpretation. The relationship between the word orders produced in graphic symbol utterances and the way the same word orders are interpreted is not necessarily straightforward.

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