scholarly journals «SMART SECTORS» AS AN AFFECTIVE MODEL OF INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF UKRAINE UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Poidуn P.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
Main Components

Environmental problems are becoming more acute. Consequently, there leave less possibilities of human existence. Due to this there is needed a qualitative solution. The article considers the scientific already existing approaches for understanding the institutional-ization of environmental security. There are considered the main components of the latter. There has been given a detailed description of «formal» and «informal» institutions designed to promote an environmentally friendly environment. There are determined the actual problems of institutional support of ecological development in Ukraine. There are pointed out the peculiarities of decentralization pro-cesses in Ukraine, which requires radical amendments in all spheres of society, including ecological life. Additionally, there are mentioned the principles, according to which, united territorial communities are formed. Taking into account the analysis of the best practices of the USA, there is offered the author's perspective model of functioning of «smart sectors» in Ukraine. In addition, there have been indicated the possible stages of their launch in the sectors of the economy and the role of these entities in the overall decentralization system. Among the advantages of their usage there are followings: reviving cooperation of environmental control bodies with industries via regular meetings with their representatives; the possibility to make rapid integrated decisions within sectors of the economy concerning issues that have environmental significance; increasing transparency regarding environmental trends; faster process of implementing of reforms of sustainable development at the practical level; improvement of regulations with the participation of experts from bodies in-volved in environmental protection; increasing environmental management systems. The use of «smart sectors» is a kind of step towards strengthening the movement forward balanced development which is going to be based on fruitful cooperation of business structures of various level and environmental organizations of both formal and informal orientation. Keywords: environmental security, decentralization, institutionalization, «smart sectors», united territorial communities. У статті розглянуто існуючі наукові підходи до розуміння інституціоналізації екологічної безпеки, а також її головні складники. Дано розгорнуту характеристику «формальним» та «неформальним» інститутам, що покликані сприяти розвитку екологічно чистого довкілля. Визначено актуальні проблеми інституціонального забезпечення екологобезпечного розвитку в Україні. Вказано на особливості процесів децентралізації в Україні та принципи за якими утворюються об’єднанні територіальні громади, що вимагає докорінних змін у всіх сферах життя суспільства, у тому числі – екологічній. На основі аналізування передового досвіду США запропоновано авторську перспективну модель функціонування «розумних секторів» в Україні. Крім того, зазначено можливі етапи їх запуску у секторах економіки та роль даних утворень у загальній системі децентралізації. Використання «розумних секторів» є своєрідним кроком до посилення руху у напрямку збалансованого розвитку на основі плідної співпраці екологічних організацій формальної та неформальної направленості з бізнесом. Ключові слова: екологічна безпека, децентралізація, інтституціоналізація, «розумні сектори», об’єднанні територіальні громади.

“Knowledge-Based Economics” in the Innovative Development of the Construction Sphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 996-1001
Author(s):  
Galina Tokunova ◽  
Alexander Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Technological Platforms

The increased role of knowledge in the economics, the growth of the role of education and innovations caused the necessity to revise the role of the basic subjects in the market (the government, business structures, universities) and mechanisms of their interaction. The primary importance is now being shifted towards such subjects of innovations as resource centers, innovative businesses, technological platforms, the clusters capable of exerting efficient influence upon the innovations process, which, in its turn, improves the competitive ability of particular spheres of business and entire national economics. This process also influenced the construction industry. The purpose of this research is to analyze the manifestation of the phenomenon of the knowledge-based economics in the construction sphere. The tasks of this research: firstly, to highlight the evolution of the scientific discipline “knowledge-based economics”; secondly, to analyze the efficiency of the phenomenon on the example of the USA, the EC and Russia; thirdly, to analyze the innovative process in the construction sphere; fourthly, to highlight the role of various institutional structures (resource centers, innovative businesses, technological platforms, clusters) for innovative activity in the construction sphere.

Integrated Model of Civilisational Development An Islamic Perspective (Model Bersepadu Pembangunan Sivil Satu Perspektif Islam)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-202
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Berghout
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Model ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
Islamic View

  Abstract This article provides an Islamic framework for the study of development and civilization. It proposes an integrated model for balanced development.  As such, it addresses the following points: the concept of civilization and civilizational development from an Islamic perspective, mapping the civilizational model for balanced development and reviving the civilizational vision of Islam as a pre-condition for the revival of the Ummah. In the discussion, leading role of the Islamic view of development and civilisation in the progress of society is highlighted; and urgency of a contemporary understanding of Islam that envisions it as a project for a civilisation of creativity, balance, justice, peace and progress is explained. The methodology applied therein represents analysis of views. The findings show the need for an integrated Islamic model of civilizational development. The main peculiarities of this model are: value loaded, balanced, comprehensiveness and flexible. Keywords Civilizational Development, Integrated Islamic Model, Value Loaded Model. Abstrak Artikel ini menyediakan sebuah framework Islam bagi tujuan pengkajian pembangunan dan ketamadunan dan ia mencadangkan sebuah model bersepadu bagi pembangunan seimbang. Dengan itu, ia mengalamatkan perkara-perkara berikut: konsep ketamadunan dan pembangunan dari perspektif Islam, mencatatkan model ketamadunan bagi pembangunan seimbang dan menghidupkan semula visi ketamadunan Islam sebagai pra-syarat untuk menghidupkan semula Ummah. Dalam perbincangan, peranan utama pemandangan Islam terhadap pembangunan dan ketamadunan dalam kemajuan masyarakat diserlahkan; dan kepentingan pemahaman Islam berkontemporari yang bermatlamat sebagai sebuah projek untuk ketamadunan kreativiti, keseimbangan, keadilan, keamanan dan kemajuan dijelaskan. Metodologi yang diaplikasikan didalamnya menggambarkan analisis pemandangan. Penemuan itu menunjukkan perlunya ada model pembangunan bertamadun Islam. Keistimewaan utama model ini adalah: nilai mencukupi, seimbang, menyeluruh dan fleksibel. Kata Kunci: Pembangunan Ketamadunan, Model Islam Bersepadu, Model Mencukupi Nilai.

The Kenya National Commission on Human Rights under the 2010 Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
Bonolo Ramadi Dinokopila ◽  
Rhoda Igweta Murangiri
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
National Human ◽  
The Status ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

This article examines the transformation of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) and discusses the implications of such transformation on the promotion and protection of human rights in Kenya. The article is an exposition of the powers of the Commission and their importance to the realisation of the Bill of Rights under the 2010 Kenyan Constitution. This is done from a normative and institutional perspective with particular emphasis on the extent to which the UN Principles Relating to the Status of National Institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles, 1993) have been complied with. The article highlights the role of national human rights commissions in transformative and/or transitional justice in post-conflict Kenya. It also explores the possible complementary relationship(s) between the KNCHR and other Article 59 Commissions for the better enforcement of the bill of rights.

EPIZOOTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MODERN CATTLE LEUKEMIA

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
V. V. Makarov ◽  
D. A. Lozovoy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Negative Order ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
National Programs

  Enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) has been known for more than a century and a half. Its occurrence and registration may have historically been associated with intensive breeding of dairy cattle in Western Europe to increase target productivity. It is known that any limiting intervention in the nature of the animal organism is always accompanied by an uncontrolled and unpredictable change in the genotype of a wider range than the required, particularly negative order. In particular, a decrease in the resistance to macroorganisms and the possibility of the new diseases emergence, including infectious ones (for example, immunodeficiencies such as BLAD syndrome of black-motley cattle and stress syndrome in pigs, the occurrence of scrapie and other slow sheep infections). In the last two decades of the last century, in many disadvantaged countries, primarily Western European, national programs for the eradication of EBL have been developed and subsequently successfully implemented. First of all the motivation was the economy of dairy cattle breeding (mainly the extension of productive age, as well as the tightening of requirements in international trade in cattle and bull products, breeding, pricing, etc.). In an analytical article are reviewed the elements of epizootology of EBL in the foreign countries with special attention to the situation in the USA, scenarios of various control programs, and promising methods for assessing the role of infected animals in the epizootic process. A critical assessment of the problem of EBL in the Russian Federation is given, the reasons for the ineffectiveness of against leucosis measures are discussed.

The Lattimore case

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Penrose
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Witch Hunt

Edith’s career and collaboration with Fritz Machlup at Johns Hopkins University flourished and she began work on the growth of the firm, and studied the Hercules Powder Company. As Cold War tensions increased during the 1950s she and Penrose became involved in the defence of their friend and colleague Owen Lattimore who was named as the top Soviet spy by Senator McCarthy. The chapter covers the persecution of Lattimore, his trials, the role of Judge Luther Youngdahl, and the operation of his defence fund. Other friends of E. F. Penrose became victims of the anti-communist ‘witch hunt’, he grew increasingly disillusioned with the USA, and determined he must leave. In 1953 Edith and Penrose testified before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee. They were also investigated by the FBI. After five years the case against Lattimore was dropped. Edith’s father died and her brother Harvey was killed in an air accident.

Social Development and Police Reform: Some Reflections on the Concept and Purpose of Policing and the Implications for Reform in the UK and USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Williams ◽  
Craig Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Common Understanding

Abstract The increase in calls for police reform following the death of George Floyd has led to renewed debate about social inequality and the role of policing in society. Modern bureaucratic police systems emerged from locally administered structures and Anglo-American policing models continue to be aligned, to varying degrees, with the political, socio-cultural, legal, and ideological aspects of contemporary liberal democratic society with its emphasis on democratic localism and decentralised accountability. However, at a time when society is reimagining itself and technology, government, and nations are radically re-shaping themselves, a critical question is whether there is a sufficiently common philosophical and conceptual understanding of policing to support its development rather than just a common understanding of police functions. This is profoundly important when considering the current calls for reform of policing in the USA and other western democratic states. The article argues that there is an urgent need to reconsider how we conceptualize policing and its relationship with social development.

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