scholarly journals DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL ARRAYS USING GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (166) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
V. Korotkov ◽  
O. Pomortseva
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Geoinformation Technologies ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Pros And Cons

The article examines the current problem of designing housing arrays. They would solve not only the problem of resettlement, but also all related problems, including parking of personal cars, employment of residents, a sufficient number of places for children in schools and kindergartens. In other words such housing arrays would be comfortable to live in and would have necessary infrastructure. Analysis of global design trends shows that these problems are solved in the design of satellite cities or semi-autonomous suburban areas. We have identified the existing pros and cons of these different approaches to design. We have chosen a centric planning approach semi-autonomous area as the most rational and efficient in urban planning. We used the ArcGIS geographic information system and a vector map to analyze the existing territory of Kharkiv and to select the construction site and further design the location of buildings and infrastructure. In particular, the “buffer zones” were used for the further placement of schools, kindergartens and shops. The usage of the "buffer zones" made it possible to locate these institutions optimally, depending on the number of potencial citizens. Basing on the historical aspects of Kharkiv, a quarterly division and quarterly buildings were chosen for the projecting area, due to the fact that each quarter will have its own urban ecosystem. An algorithm for performing such works was developed by designing a residential area. It can be divided into certain stages. This algorithm can be applied while performing similar works not only to Kharkiv, but also to other cities of Ukraine and the world. The article demonstrated the possibilities of geographic information systems in the design of new types of residential areas with highly developed social and transport infrastructure, harmonious development, as well as attractive to stakeholders and future residents.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ULAN-UDE CITY WESTERN AND SOUTHERN SUBURBS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
А. Badmaev ◽  
◽  
В. Sharaldaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

The article analyzes the processes of suburbanization and transformation of the spatial structure of the city of Ulan-Ude. Modern trends in the growth of Western and historical factors of development, due to socio-economic and historical factors of development. In the 1990s-2000s, because of the decline in agriculture and, as a result, the lack of jobs, the rural population began to migrate massively to the Buryat Republic’s capital. However, the prices for houses and apartments in the city center were unbearable for many migrants, so the purchase of land plots and the construction of houses were affordable for many. The estrangement of agricultural lands and their inclusion in residential areas allowed the city of Ulan-Ude and suburban areas to somewhat expand the territory of settlements and create a huge number of GNPP (gardeners non-profit partnership) and DNPP (dacha non-profit partnership). The city and suburban areas were not ready for such a flow and were not able to provide the newly arrived migrants with social, road transport and communal infrastructure. As a result, the city was surrounded by a suburbia almost devoid of any infrastructure. There are some elements of false urbanization or squatter area, which is a type of urbanization in which the urban population rapid growth is not accompanied by a commensurate increase in urban functions. In recent years, the growth rate of suburban settlements has decreased, mainly due to mortgages, which have become more affordable for the population and the growth of multi-storey construction. In addition, the village is slowly depleting the human resources that feed the city and the suburbs. In other words, those who wanted to move to the city have already moved

scholarly journals Migrations of city dwellers to suburban areas – the example of the city of Olsztyn

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szczepańska ◽  
Adam Senetra
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Concrete Buildings ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The City

AbstractThe migration of city dwellers to suburbs is a commonly observed phenomenon. The growth of residential areas on the fringes of cities is referred to as suburbanisation. In the present study, migration patterns were investigated in rural districts located in the direct vicinity of the administrative boundaries of Olsztyn over a 10-year timespan. Several hundred building plot purchase/sale transactions in the form of notarial deeds were analysed to determine the dwelling place of the buyer. The analysis of the transactions revealed that the dominant group of purchasers were owners of apartments in multi-family precast concrete buildings, located in the city quarter closest to the studied suburbs. Changes in the spatial structure of suburban areas were also noted.

scholarly journals Housing and population sprawl near tailings storage facilities in the Witwatersrand: 1952 to current

2015 ◽  
Vol Volume 111 (Number 11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A. Kneen ◽  
Matthew E. Ojelede ◽  
Harold J. Annegarn ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Gold Extraction ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Quality Dispersion ◽  
Storage Facilities

Abstract Mining, tailings storage facilities (TSFs), dust pollution and growth in residential housing development are synonymous with the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Encroachment of housing onto land close to TSFs, i.e. areas rendered marginal because of the dust hazard and risk of structural failure, has continued unabated for decades, intensifying human exposure to windblown mineral dust. Recent research indicates that the finer milling used for modern gold extraction results in aeolian dust emanating from the TSFs which contributes to a higher proportion of inhalable particles in the source material. Air quality dispersion modelling, validated by ambient aerosol monitoring campaigns, indicates that episodic dust events generate particulate matter (PM10) and, specifically, quartz dust concentrations that are unhealthy at distances of up to 2 km downwind from TSFs. This contribution documented residential development from 1952 to 2011 (using historical aerial photographs, census data from 2001 and 2011 and ancillary information) to determine the population exposed to dust emanations from the TSFs. Using the images, land use was classified into residential areas, TSF footprints and open areas, onto which a series of 500 m buffer zone contours were superimposed. The resulting statistics were used to assess the populations exposed to dust hazard within the defined buffer zones. Overall, housing development has experienced a growth of approximately 700% since 1952 at a rate of 14% per year. Analysis of recent monitoring campaign data has confirmed multiple occurrences of quartzrich inhalable dust in residential settings at levels that exceed occupational health standards, extrapolated to values for population exposure.

Geographic Information Technologies in Epidemiology – An Up-to-Date Research Direction of Academician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
MV Vyushkov ◽  
NN Zaitseva ◽  
EI Efimov ◽  
LS Kitaeva ◽  
GG Pobedinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Geoinformation Technologies ◽  
Research Institute

Introduction: Studying the possibility of using geoinformation technologies to analyze the epidemiological situation in the Volga Federal District (VFD) dates back to early 2000s. The experience of creating and maintaining the electronic epidemiological atlas of the Volga Federal District confirmed the relevance of this research direction for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population and showed the importance of its results for activities of healthcare and Rospotrebnadzor institutions. The purpose of our work was to consider the main stages of formation and development of geoinformation technologies in epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases as a research direction of Academician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. Materials: The article describes the development of medical geography and gives characteristics of classical scientific schools and some of their results. It presents main results of research work carried out within the framework of the Rospotrebnadzor Sectoral Research Program for 2016–2020 as well as methodology and main stages of development of the geographically distributed geoinformation software complex “Electronic Epidemiological Atlas of the Russian Federation” (GIS “Epidemiological Atlas of Russia”) and its structure. Conclusions: Geographic information systems in epidemiological surveillance as an up-to-date scientific direction of research activities of the Institute enabled implementation of the geoinformation project “Epidemiological Atlas of the Volga Federal District”, the development of which began in 2000–2005 by specialists of the Institute and JSC Upper Volga Air Geodetic Enterprise, and development of GIS “Epidemiological Atlas of Russia”.

Penilaian Risiko Bencana di Sub DAS Amprong Menggunakan Pendekatan GIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Listyo Yudha Irawan ◽  
Nabila Nabila ◽  
Damar Panoto ◽  
Agung Chandra Darmansyah ◽  
Annisa Nur Rasyidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Accurate Solution ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Risk Areas

Abstrak: Sub DAS Amprong secara administrasi masuk pada wilayah Kabupaten Malang dan Kota Malang. Meliputi lima Kecamatan yakni: Kedungkandang, Poncokusumo, Tumpang, Pakis dan Jabung. Risiko bencana longsor tergolong tinggi pada kawasan ini. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengurangan risiko bencana longsor mengunakan pendeketaan GIS (Geographic Information System). Menggunakan GIS distribusi tingkat risiko akan dapat diketahui dengan baik, sehingga mampu memberikan solusi yang lebih akurat. Penelitian ini meliputi empat tahapan: 1) pemetaan bahaya longsor, 2) pemetaan kerentanan bencana, 3) pemetaan kapasitas bencana, 4) pemetaan risiko bencana. Hasilnya diketahui bahwa kecamatan Jabung dan Poncokusumo merupakan wialayah dengan tingkat risiko longsor paling tinggi. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko dapat dilakukan melalui mitigasi bencana secara struktural dan nonstruktural. Wilayah dengan risiko tinggi bukan merupakan kawasan pemukiman, namun memiliki aktivitas utama berupa pertanian. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya manajemen risiko bencana longsor dalam usaha longsor seperti: dengan cara: 1) pengaturan sistem irigasi dengan baik, 2) penerapan sistem terasering, dan 3) pemasangan bronjong pada kaki lereng. Abstract: Amprong watershed is administratively included in Malang Regency and Malang City. Includes five districts namely: Kedungkandang, Poncokusumo, Tumpang, Pakis and Jabung. The risk of landslides is classified high in this region. Therefore, this research aims to reduce the risk of landslides using GIS (Geographic Information System). Using GIS the distribution of risk levels will be well known, so as to provide a more accurate solution. This research includes four stages: 1) mapping of landslide hazards, 2) mapping of disaster vulnerability, 3) mapping of disaster capacity, 4) mapping of disaster risk. The results are known that the Jabung and Poncokusumo sub-districts are areas with the highest risk of landslides. Efforts that can be made to reduce the level of risk can be done through structural and nonstructural disaster mitigation. High risk areas are not residential areas, but have major activities in the form of agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to have landslide risk management, such as: by: 1) regulating the irrigation system properly, 2) applying the terracing system, and 3) installing gabions at the foot of the slope.

Planning for Sustainable Urban Futures

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Didem Dizdaroglu ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Les Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Many

In recent years, cities have shown increasing signs of environmental problems due to the negative impacts of urban activities. The degradation and depletion of natural resources, climate change, and development pressure on green areas have become major concerns for cities. In response to these problems, urban planning policies have shifted to a sustainable focus and authorities have begun to develop new strategies for improving the quality of urban ecosystems. An extremely important function of an urban ecosystem is to provide healthy and sustainable environments for both natural systems and communities. Therefore, ecological planning is a functional requirement in the establishment of sustainable built environment. With ecological planning, human needs are supplied while natural resources are used in the most effective and sustainable manner and ecological balance is sustained. Protecting human and environmental health, having healthy ecosystems, reducing environmental pollution and providing green spaces are just a few of the many benefits of ecological planning. In this context, this chapter briefly presents a short overview of the importance of the implementation of ecological planning into sustainable urban development. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual framework for a new methodology for developing sustainable urban ecosystems through ecological planning approach.

Geographic information system (GIS) based decision support for neighbourhood traffic calming

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A Randall ◽  
Cameron J Churchill ◽  
Brian W Baetz
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Automobile Dependence ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Transportation Modes

In suburban areas, traffic issues are generally related to elevated speeds and volumes and a perceived reduction in personal safety. In response, traffic engineers have designed and implemented a variety of traffic calming measures for local and collector streets, with significant speed reductions and other benefits. Less common are measures to address traffic issues on arterials which (if implemented) might reduce speeds, thereby encouraging more sustainable transportation modes and lessening automobile dependence. A geographic information system (GIS) based tool has been developed to provide decision support for the development of neighbourhood traffic calming plans for all street types. This tool is potentially useful because of the increased use of traffic calming measures and the growing public desire for safer streets. Decision support (provided by the tool) is dependent upon measured or perceived problems, roadway type, and user objectives, as well as the potential impacts and current installation costs of traffic calming measures. An application to suburban Hamilton demonstrates the functionality of this tool.Key words: traffic calming, suburban retrofitting, urban sustainability, decision support system.

scholarly journals Geoinformation technologies as a basis for research of the optimal location of general secondary education institutions (on the example of Chernivtsi city territorial community)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
Myroslav D. Zayachuk ◽  
Ivan I. Kostashchuk ◽  
Kostiantyn V. Darchuk ◽  
Yurii O. Bilous
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Residential Areas

GIS technologies allow an analyzis of large data sets at the lowest cost. To  date, when forming a network of secondary schools, almost no geographic information  systems have been used. GIS plays a special role in the study of transport and walking  accessibility to GSEI. The article analyzes the theoretical, methodological and practical  problems of using geographic information systems in studies of walking accessibility to general secondary schools of Chernivtsi city  territorial community and describes the general secondary education institutions of the studied community. Based on geoinformation  systems developed in Open Route Service and QGIS, the areas of the community with the best and worst walking accessibility to  secondary schools were identified, which is certainly of great practical importance in creating pivotal institutions, their service zone  and overcoming the problem of overcrowding in some schools. The most convenient location of the general secondary education  institutions of Chernivtsi city territorial community was observed in the central part of the city, as well as in microdistricts Prospect and  Boulevard, where there is a fairly dense arrangement of general secondary education institutions. There are also areas in the community  that are outside the 2-kilometer walking accessibility zone and require transportation for students. Such areas are the Shantsi, Tsetsyno  and Slobidka and Rohizna microdistricts, which have a cottage type accommodations. In general, most of the community is within  walking accessibility. An important aspect of the location of GSEI is the availability indicator, which ranges 0.2 to 0.81. The average  rate of accessibility to GSEI in the Chernivtsi city territorial community is 0.65. It should be noted that in the community there is a  relevant problem of providing students with places in GSEI in those areas, where today the construction of new residential areas is  actively carried out, while educational institutions are not expanding and not being built.

scholarly journals BACKGROUND TO DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF KYIV CITY AGGLOMERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
I. Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
The Cost

The role of prerequisites in the development of the transport infrastructure of the capital of Ukraine is revealed. The author formulated methodological approaches to them. A comprehensive geographical description of the prerequisites for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Kyiv city agglomeration was carried out. It has been established that the main limitations are economic factors, which is caused by the highest cost of land resources in Ukraine precisely within this urban agglomeration. Natural factors continue to play a significant role only when carrying out specific prospecting for laying various types of infrastructure objects within it. There are new factors in the functioning and development of transport infrastructure. These include, first of all, the formation of united territorial communities. Their boundaries should be brought to life and their socio-economic development plans and spatial schemes should be developed. Thus, it is necessary to take into account local needs in the development of transport infrastructure with the general needs of the entire Kyiv city agglomeration. A significant role is played by the ownership of land. The concentration of land ownership in the hands of speculators and large developers leads to a sharp rise in the cost of the robot to acquire the necessary land for the construction of a new infrastructure. As a result, many new large residential areas do not have the necessary access roads and they are not connected to the citywide communications system. This leads to significant new problems for the solution of which it is necessary to coordinate new large-scale housing construction with the laying infrastructure. The main problem remains transport accessibility. Laying of highways to new buildings should be carried out at the expense of local budgets. However, there is often a conflict of interest between developers and local authorities. The latter do not want to invest substantial funds in the construction of roads and other types of infrastructure due to the fact that the cost of new relevant construction is much higher than the cost of housing built at the expense of borrowed funds. Thus, the existing suburban transport infrastructure takes on an ever-increasing stream of new daily commuter migrants. As a result, the quality of services provided drops sharply. This leads to a deterioration in the quality of life throughout the urban agglomeration.

Development of Non-Motorized Infrastructure Network in Oradea City Using Dijkstra Algorithm in ArcGIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 1067-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria Ilie ◽  
Cristina Ștefănică ◽  
Oana Dinu ◽  
Florin Ruscă ◽  
Ştefan Burciu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Dijkstra Algorithm ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infrastructure Networks ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
The City

In this paper it is developed a location model for the infrastructures dedicated to non-motorized movements by bike in Oradea city, using ArcGIS geographic and information system [3]. They are taken into consideration the movements made by the target people – alternating movements (from home to school) and optional movements (made for recreation), the densities in residential areas, the type of the city arteries and the mobility need of the target people (in this case – young people aged between 15 and 25) in order to design two structures of the transport infrastructure networks (one for the alternating movements and the other for the optional movements), structures which will be realized on the actual frame of the existing transport infrastructure in Oradea city. Using Dijkstra algorithm, the minimal routes for the movements related to the alternating mobility, but also for the movements specific to the optional mobility are determined. Further on the most used arteries in the two structures of urban infrastructure networks are determined. The paper suggests as a solution the structure of the network for the non-motorized movements and also those arteries that must be used for its development, that guarantee gains for the target people (time), for the main operators who exploit the motorized systems, for the local budget of the local municipalities (less funds to sustain the public services) and especially for the environment and people’s health (attenuation of noxious and phonic pollution, reduction of the accidents’ number and health improvement).

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