scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF AGRARIAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORENBURG REGION AND APPROACHES TO AGRICULTURAL ZONING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya G. Yakovlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Agricultural Zoning ◽  
Agrarian Development

The article discusses the features of agricultural development of the territory of the Orenburg region. Based on the analysis of archival, statistical, and cartographic data, the key stages in the agricultural development of the region are identified and briefly described. On the basis of the selected stages of development, approaches to zoning the territory of the Orenburg region on the studied basis are developed.

threatening the rest of the private sector, was especially conducive to this solution. None the less, the experience of post-reform agriculture in a number of socialist countries indicates that this is in practice the best way of articulating such disparate forms of production. Third, that the process of capitalist agricultural development does generate a large proletariat, even though it is disguised in the form of impoverished peasantry. This means that the agrarian reform can proceed in socialised production forms in the 'capitalist' sector without direct peasant owner-ship of land. It is true that in the Nicaraguan case, the relatively high land endowment per head reduced this pressure, but it is also important not to overestimate the 'peasant' nature of agriculture in Latin America [Goodman andRedclift, 1981], because this tends to lead to agrarian reform proposals which ignore the inevitable role of agriculture as the base of the national accumulation model in almost all underdeveloped economies in transition. Fourth, that in the case of Nicaragua, this logic has probably been carried too far. In implementing a project to eliminate the exploitative relation-ship between capitalist export agriculture and the peasantry (cheap labour and cheap food) by establishing a stable rural proletariat and secure food supplies, the revolutionary state has effectively undermined the remaining peasant economy without providing a coherent alternative. This has produced a new contradiction in the agrarian development model proposed for the rest of the century, when the revolution not only depends upon the mountain peasantry for defence against external aggression but also for food supplies during the transitional accumulation period. A successful agrarian accumulation model, above all during the tran-sition, must provide for an adequate articulation of distinct forms of pro-duction as part of the process of rural transformation.

2013 ◽  
pp. 231-232
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Rural Transformation ◽  
Accumulation Model ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
Export Agriculture ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Agrarian Development

scholarly journals Theory of “food regimes” as a model to explain the strategies of agrarian development (the ‘cases’ of Russia and Brazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-276
Author(s):  
P Niederle ◽  
A A Kurakin ◽  
A M Nikulin ◽  
S Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Food Regime ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Food Regimes ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Agrarian Development ◽  
Global Food

The ‘food regime’ approach was introduced as a historical method of “incorporated comparison” (P. McMichael). This comparison of the role of agriculture in the world-system made some scholars overemphasize an excessively unitary and coherent global food regime. The authors recognize this approach as a historical-comparative analytical tool to understand global trends, but argue that the Russian and Brazilian agrarian development question some ideas of the food regime approach. The contemporary positions of two countries in the global markets also prove the divergences in their positioning in the food regime genealogy. The paper focuses on the production and export of soy and wheat which do not represent the entire agrarian economy of Brazil and Russia but allow to compare two countries’ strategies of the international trade and in domestic markets. First, the authors briefly discuss the historical routes Russia and Brazil have taken in the agricultural development and global food markets; then they analyze the radical changes that followed the Russian perestroika and the Brazilian re-democratization in the late 1980s and led to the consolidation of neoliberal policies in the 1990s. After that the paper describes the turn of both countries to the ‘neo-developmental state’ that supported the export-oriented policies for the agribusiness but combined them with domestic food security and sovereignty policies. Finally, the authors conclude that despite differing trajectories both Russia and Brazil cannot be considered parts of the neoliberal food regime due to the fact that the contemporary period should be rather defined as a paradigmatic crisis and a co-existence of two or more food regimes.

scholarly journals ¡España se prepara! La ayuda americana en la modernización y colonización agraria en los años cincuenta

2019 ◽  
pp. 191-223
Author(s):  
Francisco-Javier Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Andrés Sánchez-Picón ◽  
José-Joaquín García-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Agrarian Development ◽  
Central Archive

The opening of Spain to international political relations in the 1950s and the economic growth that began at end of that decade was linked to the agricultural sector and aid from the United States. American tender was needed to break the technological bottleneck, modernise Spanish agriculture and end the secular backwardness of a key sector for economic development. The aim of this article is to analyse the transcendental importance of US aid in Spanish agrarian development, through the INC colonization policy, machinery import programmes and knowledge transfer. This study is based on the INC documentary collection in the Central Archive of the Agriculture and Food Area of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment. In the introduction, we describe the situation of the Spanish agrarian sector in the 1950s, followed by an analysis of US aid to Spain in Section 2. In the third and fourth sections, we explain the application of the McCarran Amendment and Public Law 480 in the INC, and in the fifth section we look at the overall effects and impacts of US aid in Spanish agricultural development. The article ends with some conclusions that demonstrate the importance of this aid.

Autómatas Celulares Aplicados al Comportamiento de Células de Cáncer Cervicouterino

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Tania Muñoz Jiménez ◽  
Aurora Torres Soto ◽  
María Dolores Torres Soto
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Simulation Algorithm ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Migration Dynamics ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Best Parameters

En este documento se describe el desarrollo e implementación de un modelo para simular computacionalmente la dinámica del crecimiento y migración del cáncer cervicouterino, considerando sus principales características: proliferación, migración y necrosis, así como sus etapas de desarrollo. El modelo se desarrolló mediante un autómata celular con enfoques paralelo y secuencial. El autómata celular se basó en el modelo de Gompertz para simular las etapas de desarrollo de este cáncer, el cual se dividió en tres etapas cada una con diferentes comportamientos durante la simulación. Se realizó un diseño experimental con parámetros de entrada que se seleccionaron a partir de la investigación literaria y su discusión con médicos expertos. Al final del proceso de investigación, se logró obtener un algoritmo computacional de simulación muy bueno comparado con el modelo médico de Gompertz y se encontraron los mejores parámetros para su ejecución mediante un diseño factorial soportado estadísticamente. This paper describes the development and implementation of a model to computationally simulate the growth and migration dynamics of cervical cancer, considering its main characteristics: proliferation, migration and necrosis, as well as its stages of development. The model was developed by means of a cellular automaton with parallel and sequential approaches. The cellular automaton was based on the model of Gompertz to simulate the stages of development of this cancer, which was divided into three stages, each with different behaviors during the simulation. An experimental design was carried out with input parameters that were selected from literary research and its discussion with expert physicians. At the end of the research process, a very good simulation algorithm was obtained compared to the Gompertz medical model and the best parameters for its execution were found by means of a statistically supported factorial design.

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