scholarly journals Kronik Hastalıklarda İnflamasyonun Rolü, Omega-3 Yağ Asitleri ve Epigenetik Yolaklar

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ayşen Yıldırım ◽  
Sema Erge
Keyword(s):  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ppar Γ

Diyet bileşenlerinin epigenomu etkileyerek kronik hastalıklar üzerinde etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu bilgilerin ışığında, beslenme ve epigenetik arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyen bir bilim dalı olan nutriepigenomik kronik hastalıkların tedavisinde umut verici bir alan olmuştur. Epigenom üzerinde etkileri olduğu bilinen omega-3 yağ asitleri, sadece önemli bir enerji kaynağı değil, aynı zamanda transkripsiyon faktörlerinin ligandları olarak hareket edebilmekte, böylelikle metabolik düzenleyiciler olarak da görev yapmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalar omega-3 yağ asitlerinin, çeşitli mekanizmalarla gen ekspresyonunu değiştirebileceğini, böylelikle birçok kronik hastalığın patogenezine katkıda bulunan kronik inflamasyon üzerinde olumlu etkilerinin olabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle eikozapentaenoik asit ve dokosaheksaenoik asit gibi omega-3 yağ asitlerinin bazı önemli moleküler hücre mekanizmalarını kontrol ettiği, böylelikle inflamasyonla ilişkili hastalıklarda anti-inflamatuvar etki oluşturabileceği bildirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, bu yağ asitlerinin DNA metilasyonu gibi epigenetik belirteçlerde değişikliklere yol açarak da bahsi geçen olumlu etkileri sağlayabileceği belirtilmektedir. Literatür, omega-3 yağ asitlerinin, çeşitli nükleer reseptör ve transkripsiyon faktörleri ile etkileşime girerek bazı pro-inflamatuvar genlerin ekspresyonunu modüle edebileceği, böylelikle aktivasyonlarında değişikliklere yol açabileceğini göstermektedir. Genel olarak omega-3 yağ asitlerinin, inflamasyon üzerinde etkin rol oynayan nükleer faktör κB (NFκB), PPAR- γ (PPARG) ve G proteinine bağlı reseptör (GPR120) ile etkileşime girerek anti-inflamatuvar etki yaratabileceği bilinmektedir. Bu mekanizmalar karmaşıktır. Bu derlemenin amacı, omega-3 yağ asitlerinin inflamatuvar süreçleri etkilediği epigenetik mekanizmaları açıklamaktır.

scholarly journals 3D-PHARMACOPHORE MODELLING OF OMEGA-3 DERIVATIVES WITH PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA AS AN ANTI-OBESITY AGENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
IDA MUSFIROH ◽  
GINNA MEGAWATI ◽  
DEWI MARHENI DIAH HERAWATI ◽  
AGUS RUSDIN
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Pharmacophore Model ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Pharmacophore Modelling ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
3D Pharmacophore

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the pharmacophore model of omega-3 derivatives with the PPAR-γ receptor using LigandScout 4.4.3 to investigate the important chemical interactions of complex structure. Methods: The methods consisted of structure preparation of nine chemical compounds derived from omega-3 fatty acids, database preparation, creating 3D Pharmacophore modelling, validation pharmacophore, and screening test compounds. Results: The result of the research showed that the omega-3 derivatives docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), when eicosapentaenoic acid (HPA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) have the best pharmacophore fit values of 36.59; 36.56; and 36.56, respectively. According to the results of the pharmacophore study, the carbonyl and hydroxyl of the carboxylate functional groups become the active functional groups that exhibit hydrogen bonding interactions. While the alkyl chain (Ethyl and methyl groups) was the portion that can be modified to increase its activity. Conclusion: Omega-3 derivatives could be used as a lead drug for the powerful PPAR-γ receptor in the prevention and treatment of obesity.

Omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil supplementation prevents rosiglitazone-induced osteopenia in insulin resistant c57bl/6 mice and in vitro studies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Cugno ◽  
Dhanya Kizhakayil ◽  
Rita Calzone ◽  
Shaikh Rahman ◽  
Ganesh Halade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Insulin Sensitizer ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Ppar Γ

Abstract Rosiglitazone is an effective insulin-sensitizer, however associated with bone loss mainly due to increased bone resorption and bone marrow adiposity. We investigated the effect of the co-administration of fish oil on rosiglitazone-induced bone loss in C57BL/6 mice and the mechanisms underlying potential preventive effect. Mice fed iso-caloric diet supplemented with fish oil exhibited significantly higher levels of bone density in different regions compared to the other groups. In the same cohort of mice, reduced activity of COX-2, enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase, lower levels of cathepsin k, PPAR-γ and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and higher level of anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed.Moreover, fish oil restored rosiglitazone-induced reduction of osteoblast differentiation and up-regulation of adipocyte differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and inhibited the up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells. We finally tested our hypothesis on human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells differentiated in osteocytes and adipocytes confirming the beneficial effect of docosahexaenoic acid during treatment with rosiglitazone, through the downregulation of adipogenic genes, such as adipsin and FABP4 along the PPARg/FABP4 axis, and reducing the capability of osteocytes to switch toward adipogenesis.Fish oil may prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss by inhibiting inflammation, osteoclastogenesis and adipogenesis and by enhancing osteogenesis in the bone microenvironment.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil supplementation prevents rosiglitazone-induced osteopenia in aging C57BL/6 mice and in vitro studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Cugno ◽  
Dhanya Kizhakayil ◽  
Rita Calzone ◽  
Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman ◽  
Ganesh V. Halade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Insulin Sensitizer ◽  
Ppar Γ

AbstractRosiglitazone is an effective insulin-sensitizer, however associated with bone loss mainly due to increased bone resorption and bone marrow adiposity. We investigated the effect of the co-administration of fish oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) on rosiglitazone-induced bone loss in C57BL/6 mice and the mechanisms underlying potential preventive effect. Mice fed the iso-caloric diet supplemented with fish oil exhibited significantly higher levels of bone density in different regions compared to the other groups. In the same cohort of mice, reduced activity of COX-2, enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase, lower levels of cathepsin k, PPAR-γ, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a higher level of anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed. Moreover, fish oil restored rosiglitazone-induced down-regulation of osteoblast differentiation and up-regulation of adipocyte differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and inhibited the up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells. We finally tested our hypothesis on human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells differentiated to osteocytes and adipocytes confirming the beneficial effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) omega-3 FA during treatment with rosiglitazone, through the down-regulation of adipogenic genes, such as adipsin and FABP4 along the PPARγ/FABP4 axis, and reducing the capability of osteocytes to switch toward adipogenesis. Fish oil may prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss by inhibiting inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and adipogenesis and by enhancing osteogenesis in the bone microenvironment.

Upregulation of PPAR-γ mediates the renoprotective effect of omega-3 PUFA and ferulic acid in gentamicin-intoxicated rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla E. El-Ashmawy ◽  
Naglaa F. Khedr ◽  
Hoda A. El-Bahrawy ◽  
Sara A. Helal
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Renoprotective Effect ◽  
Ppar Γ

Activity Engagement in Cognitive Aging: A Review of the Evidence

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Rogalski ◽  
Muriel Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

The population of older adults is rapidly increasing, as is the number and type of products and interventions proposed to prevent or reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline. Advocacy and prevention are part of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s (ASHA’s) scope of practice documents, and speech-language pathologists must have basic awareness of the evidence contributing to healthy cognitive aging. In this article, we provide a brief overview outlining the evidence on activity engagement and its effects on cognition in older adults. We explore the current evidence around the activities of eating and drinking with a discussion on the potential benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, alcohol, and coffee. We investigate the evidence on the hypothesized neuroprotective effects of social activity, the evidence on computerized cognitive training, and the emerging behavioral and neuroimaging evidence on physical activity. We conclude that actively aging using a combination of several strategies may be our best line of defense against cognitive decline.

Omega-3 Caps Touted as Triglyceride Cutters

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
BRUCE JANCIN
Keyword(s):  
Omega 3
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