scholarly journals Path loss Optimization in WIMAX Network using Genetic Algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Broadband Access ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Radio Communication System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Access Services ◽  
Station Site

The most necessary factors effect on the standard of broadband access services in mobile systems are WIMAX signal throughput and area coverage range. The environment controls are based on the sign power of any radio communication system. The sign power in any base station site relies on the space between the transmitter and the receiver, carrier frequency for the transmitter and the receiver along on the path loss. One of the most generally utilized experimental model to predict the path loss is the COST-231 Hata model. In this paper, the path loss rates have calculated based on the WIMAX criterion frequency at an area with 3.5GHz, that constant distances (7km) of transmitting base station into receive base station in urban, suburban environments. The execution of the COST-231 Hata paradigm and optimized paradigm are rated over the path loss. This model is optimized using Genetic Algorithm Technique using a computational tool MATLAB. Path loss results acquired show that the optimized paradigm rates a little higher than rates standard. The distance (7km)is good because of achieving the lowest value for path loss.

scholarly journals Investigation of the technology of mutual navigation and orientation of small space vehicles flying in formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
A. V. Nebylov ◽  
V. V. Perliouk ◽  
T. S. Leontieva
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Space Vehicles ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Small Space ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Bench Experiment ◽  
Radio Communication System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Orbital Constellation

The paper presents the problem of ensuring support of the flight of a group of small spacecraft (microsatellites) taking into account the small mutual distances between them. The purpose of using the orbital constellation specified is to create a radio communication system to control remote objects like unmanned aerial vehicles and ground robots located in hard-to-reach areas of the Earth from the Central ground station. To reduce the cost of microsatellite design, it was decided to rigidly fix the receiving and transmitting antennas on their housings and use the spatial orientation of the entire apparatus for antenna guidance. This seriously complicated the tasks of navigation and orientation of microsatellites in a formation and required the development of a new method for determining the orientation of a single microsatellite. The essence of the method is to process the image obtained by means of a video camera mounted on a nearby microsatellite. We used methods of computer vision. The results of mathematical modeling simulation, as well as the results of full-scale bench experiment confirming the efficiency of the proposed method are presented.

scholarly journals Genetic algorithm based protocols to select cluster heads and find multi-hop path in wireless sensor networks: review

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Shalabi ◽  
Mohammed Anbar ◽  
Tat-Chee Wan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Path Finding ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Cluster Heads

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a modern technology in radio communication. A WSN comprises a number of sensor nodes that are randomly spread in a specific area for sensing and monitoring physical attributes that are difficult to monitor by humans, such as temperature, fire, and pressure. Many problems, including data transmission, power consumption and selecting cluster heads, may occur due to the nature of WSNs. Various protocols have been conducted to resolve these issues. Most of the proposed protocols are based on the Genetic Algorithm as an optimization technique to select the Cluster Heads (CHs) or to find a multi-hop path for sending the data from the CHs to the Base Station (BS). This paper presents a comprehensive study of the protocols for WSNs that are proposed to come up with these issues. This study emphasises on CHs selection protocols and multi-hop path finding protocols and their strengths and weaknesses. A new taxonomy is presented to discuss these protocols on the basis of different classes. A complete comparison of the main features and behaviors of the protocols is conducted. This study will give basic guidelines for the researchers those have a motivation to develop a new CHs selection protocol or a multi-hop path finding protocol.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Field Levels in Built-up Areas with an Irregular Grid of Buildings: Modeling and Integrated Software

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Luca Schirru ◽  
Filippo Ledda ◽  
Matteo Bruno Lodi ◽  
Alessandro Fanti ◽  
Katiuscia Mannaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Industrial Software ◽  
Integrated Software

The knowledge of the electromagnetic field levels generated by radio base stations present in an urban environment is a relevant aspect for propagations and coverage issues, as well as for the compliance to national regulations. Despite the growing interest in the novel fifth generation (5G) technology, several aspects related to the investigation of the urban propagation of the Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM), third generation (3G), and fourth generation (4G) mobile systems in peculiar non-rural environments may be improved. To account for irregular geometries and to deal with the propagation in hilly towns, in this work we present an enhanced version of the COST231-Walfisch–Ikegami model, whose parameters have been modified to evaluate the path loss at distances greater than 20 meters from the radio base station. This work addressed the problem of providing an effective, reliable, and quantitative model for the estimation of electromagnetic field levels in built-up areas. In addition, we also developed and tested a pre-industrial software prototype whose aim is to make the estimated electromagnetic field levels available to the key players in the telecom industry, the local authorities, and the general population. We validated the proposed model with a measurement campaign in the small urban and irregular built-up areas of Dorgali (Nuoro), Cala Gonone (Nuoro), and Lunamatrona (Cagliari) in Sardinia (Italy).

scholarly journals Inclusion of Hydraulic Controls in Rehabilitation Models of Drainage Networks to Control Floods

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bayas-Jiménez ◽  
F. Javier Martínez-Solano ◽  
Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey ◽  
Daniel Mora-Melia ◽  
Vicente S. Fuertes-Miquel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Extreme Rain ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
The Cost

A problem for drainage systems managers is the increase in extreme rain events that are increasing in various parts of the world. Their occurrence produces hydraulic overload in the drainage system and consequently floods. Adapting the existing infrastructure to be able to receive extreme rains without generating consequences for cities’ inhabitants has become a necessity. This research shows a new way to improve drainage systems with minimal investment costs, using for this purpose a novel methodology that considers the inclusion of hydraulic control elements in the network, the installation of storm tanks and the replacement of pipes. The presented methodology uses the Storm Water Management Model for the hydraulic analysis of the network and a modified Genetic Algorithm to optimize the network. In this algorithm, called the Pseudo-Genetic Algorithm, the coding of the chromosomes is integral and has been used in previous studies of hydraulic optimization. This work evaluates the cost of the required infrastructure and the damage caused by floods to find the optimal solution. The main conclusion of this study is that the inclusion of hydraulic controls can reduce the cost of network rehabilitation and decrease flood levels.

scholarly journals Carbon Emission Reduction of Apparel Material Distribution Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Xujing Zhang ◽  
Lichuan Wang ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
The Cost

Low-carbon production has become one of the top management objectives for every industry. In garment manufacturing, the material distribution process always generates high carbon emissions. In order to reduce carbon emissions and the number of operators to meet enterprises’ requirements to control the cost of production and protect the environment, the paths of material distribution were analyzed to find the optimal solution. In this paper, the model of material distribution to obtain minimum carbon emissions and vehicles (operators) was established to optimize the multi-target management in three different production lines (multi-line, U-shape two-line, and U-shape three-line), while the workstations were organized in three ways: in the order of processes, in the type of machines, and in the components of garment. The NSGA-II algorithm (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II) was applied to obtain the results of this model. The feasibility of the model and algorithm was verified by the practice of men’s shirts manufacture. It could be found that material distribution of multi-line layout produced the least carbon emissions when the machines were arranged in the group of type.

scholarly journals A Heuristics-Based Parthenogenetic Algorithm for the VRP with Potential Demands and Time Windows

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chenghua Shi ◽  
Tonglei Li ◽  
Yu Bai ◽  
Fei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Split Delivery ◽  
Soft Time Windows ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
The Cost

We present the vehicle routing problem with potential demands and time windows (VRP-PDTW), which is a variation of the classical VRP. A homogenous fleet of vehicles originated in a central depot serves customers with soft time windows and deliveries from/to their locations, and split delivery is considered. Also, besides the initial demand in the order contract, the potential demand caused by conformity consuming behavior is also integrated and modeled in our problem. The objective of minimizing the cost traveled by the vehicles and penalized cost due to violating time windows is then constructed. We propose a heuristics-based parthenogenetic algorithm (HPGA) for successfully solving optimal solutions to the problem, in which heuristics is introduced to generate the initial solution. Computational experiments are reported for instances and the proposed algorithm is compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and heuristics-based genetic algorithm (HGA) from the literature. The comparison results show that our algorithm is quite competitive by considering the quality of solutions and computation time.

scholarly journals GENETIC ALGORITHM-BASED CLUSTERING OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK WITH NOVEL DATA ENCRYPTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Bachujayendra Kumar ◽  
Rajya Lakshmidevi K ◽  
M Verginraja Sarobin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Main Challenge

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been used widely in so many applications. It is the most efficient way to monitor the information. There areso many ways to deploy the sensors. Many problems are not identified and solved. The main challenge of WSN is energy efficiency and information security. WSN power consumption is reduced by genetic algorithm-based clustering algorithm. Information from cluster head to base station may have a lot of chances to get hacked. The most reliable way to manage energy consumption is clustering, and encryption will suit best for information security. In this paper, we explain clustering techniques and a new algorithm to encrypt the data in the network.

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