scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis, Population Structure and Gene-flow Estimates among Citrus Macroptera Mont. Collections from Garo Hills, Meghalaya using SPAR Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
North East India ◽  
Information Index ◽  
North East ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
Single Primer

North East India is extremely rich in natural resources and is a biodiversity hotspot. Many plant species, including Citrus are known to have originated from this region. Citus macroptera Mont. is a wild, endangered species which have been found to exist naturally in various parts of this region, including Meghalaya. To access the genetic variability among genotypes and their phylogeny, 30 genotypes of wild C. macroptera Mont. were collected from Garo Hills of Meghalaya. Single primer based DNA markers viz. RAPD, ISSR, DAMD were utilized to ascertain genetic diversity. The percentage polymorphic bands for RAPD, ISSR, DAMD were found to be 97.71%, 94.67% and 100% respectively. ISSR showed the highest values for both RP (7.67) and MI (5.03) highlighting its efficacy in determining genetic variations. A concatenated approach, Single Primer Amplification Reaction (SPAR) was also followed to assess their genetic diversity. Dendogram generated from SPAR data showed that the South-West Garo Hills population is the most recently evolved amongst all others while West Garo Hills collections retain an ancestral position in the evolutionary time-frame. Population genetics parametres such as Gene flow (Nm) and the diversity among populations (GST) were found to be 1.9894 and 0.2009 respectively. Gene flow estimates (Nm>1) suggests appreciable gene flow in the populations. AMOVA data further supported this with high percentage of variations (92%) within populations whereas variations among populations were about 8% only. Shannon’s information index (I) values and Nei’s gene diversity (h) varied between 0.303-0.423and 0.201-0.285 respectively. The use of SPAR method yields a clear and concise picture of the underlying genetic variabilities, and a detailed and comprehensive data analysis will help conceive efficient and sustainable conservation strategies for this important plant.

Genetic structure and proposed conservation strategy for natural populations of Calycanthus chinensis Cheng et S.Y. Chang (Calycanthaceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Chuan Fan ◽  
Nicola Pecchioni ◽  
Long-Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Information Index

Calycanthus chinensis Cheng et S.Y. Chang, a tertiary relic species in China, is a shade-loving and deciduous bush withan elegant shape and beautiful flower of high ornamental value. It was widely planted in gardens and miniature scapes in China.The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic variation and structure in the three extant populations of the species, in order to provide useful information for a future conservation strategy. Twenty-two of 120 RAPD primers were selected and a total of 257 stable and clear DNA fragments were scored. Calycanthus chinensis showed a lower level of genetic diversity. At the population level, the percentage of polymorphic loci, Nei's gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 40.9%, 0.1641 and 0.2386, respectively; while at the species level, the corresponding values were 59.1%, 0.2097 and 0.3123, respectively. The estimates of genetic differentiation based on Shannon’s information index (0.2360), Nei’s gene diversity (0.2175) and AMOVA (24.94%) were very similar, and significantly higher than the average genetic differentiation reported in outcrossed spermatophyte. So it suggested high genetic differentiation emerged among populations of C. chinensis. Genetic relationships among populations were assessed by Nei’s standard genetic distance, which suggested that the Tiantai population was genetically distinct from the other two populations. Moreover, the genetic distance was significantly correlated with geographical distance among populations (r = 0.997, t > t0.05). The gene flow (Nm) was 0.8994, indicating that gene exchange among populations was restricted. A conservation strategy was proposed based on the low gene flow and habitat deterioration, which are contributing to the endangered status of this species. Key words: Genetic diversity, endangered plant, population genetics, RAPD

Chakhao(delicious) rice landraces (Oryza sativaL.) of North-east India: collection, conservation and characterization of genetic diversity

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Roy ◽  
A. Banerjee ◽  
A. Pattanayak ◽  
S. S. Roy ◽  
R. S. Rathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
High Gene

Rice landraces have been developed through artificial selection imposed by farmers during the long-term domestication process. Although the global rice diversity is well characterized, few studies have conducted an in-depth analysis of genetic diversity on a local scale. In India, there are many locally adapted non-Basmati aromatic rice landraces in which the pace of improvement is slow, despite their high economic values. The aromatic and quality rice landraces of Manipur, locally calledChakhao(delicious), are important, considering their high economic and cultural values. To conserve and encourage improvement of these landraces, we collectedChakhaoaccessions from eight districts of Manipur. The aim of the current study was to investigate the level of genetic diversity and structure of 37Chakhaolandraces based on genotyping with 47 microsatellite markers. The genetic diversity analysis revealed high gene diversity (0.673) within theChakhaopopulation, with values ranging from 0.303 (Poireiton) to 0.471 (mixedChakhao). TheChakhaorice accessions could be divided into six subgroups based on genetic structure analyses. The population structure derived from the STRUCTURE analysis largely correlated with the farmers' classification ofChakhaolandraces. The results of genetic diversity analyses and the indigenous knowledge of the names and use ofChakhaolandraces would facilitate the conservation and utilization of this unique genetic resource.

Genetic Divergence among Populations of Invasive Alien Species Lantana camara L. from Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
SAILA KABIR ◽  
MD ABUL KASHEM ◽  
MOHAMMAD ZABED HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Genetic Clustering

Lantana camara L., a well-known invasive alien species causing invasion and posing threat to native plant species community in different regions of Bangladesh. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of L. camara populations in different regions of Bangladesh. Eight RAPD markers were used in order to probe into its genetic variability. Total number of bands (202), polymorphic loci (104), per-centage of polymorphism (97.20%), average Shanon’s information index (0.3051±0.115), Nei’s gene diversity (0.4733±0.144) was found and in different populations and multiple divergent genetic clustering along with presence of unique alleles (4) for RAPD revealed high genetic diversity among the populations of L. camara in different regions of Bangladesh.

ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Arya ◽  
Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽  
Anjali Kak ◽  
Chitra Devi Pandey ◽  
Manjusha Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

Analysis of genetic diversity in Acorus calamus populations in South and North East India using ISSR markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.K. Abdul Kareem ◽  
P.E. Rajasekharan ◽  
B.S. Ravish ◽  
S. Mini ◽  
Anuradha Sane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

Common Ancestry & Genetic Diversity of Few Indigenous Chilli Land Races of North East India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Minakshi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Jutika Boro ◽  
Swati Singha ◽  
Hitesh Boro ◽  
Narbu Gengla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Dpph Method

Since chilies contain high quantities of bioactive potential compounds, they are expected to possess large number of pharmacological values like antioxi-dants, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, diuretics activi-ties and is being employed for the treatment of different ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. The current study aimed at comparative evaluation of antioxidant properties, phytochemicals and RAPD assay from extracts of 6 different types of chilli found in the states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh of North East India. The plant extracts were screened for phyto-chemicals, antioxidant analysis and RAPD profile. Phytochemical analysis shows abundant presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins etc. The antioxidants activities of all the aqueous extracts were evaluated using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity (% oxidation inhibition) ranged from as high as 86.56% in Bhut Jolokia (Capsicum assamicum) extracts to as low as 18.77% in Badami Jolokia (Capsicum annum) extract. Chilli samples studied possess potential health benefits by inhibiting many oxidation reactions caused by free radicals. Genetic diversity in 6 chilli genotypes was analyzed by RAPD markers of the fourteen random primers among which 11 were polymorphic. The phylogenetic tree showed common ancestry and the divergence among the chilli species. Based on the current study findings, it may be concluded the RAPD technology can be a useful tool in explaining the genetic diversity among chilli genotypes.

Temporal stability of genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers in restocked populations of Caspian roach, Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev, 1870)

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-347
Author(s):  
Hadiseh Kashiri ◽  
Ali Shabani ◽  
Saeed Gorgin ◽  
Mohamad Rezaei ◽  
Ahmadreza Jabale
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Sequential Bonferroni Correction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Caspian Roach

Abstract Rutilus caspicus is considered one of the most important bony fish with high economic value in the Caspian Sea. Since the population size of Caspian roach has decreased during recent decades, restocking of the populations is done through releasing hatchery-produced larvae into the wild. In the present study, the genetic diversity of wild and hatchery populations of R. caspicus was investigated using ten microsatellite loci. Also, microsatellite analysis was performed to compare the population structure of Caspian roach over a time frame of about 11 years. Although the allelic and gene diversity of hatchery populations tended to be lower than those of the wild populations, no significant differences in genetic diversity parameters were observed among the wild and hatchery populations. Similar variation levels were noticed among temporal samples of the same population, suggesting temporal stability in the genetic diversity of the wild populations. In most cases, significant departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed after sequential Bonferroni correction. Results from analysis showed that a captive hatchery population was the most differentiated group. Also, the UPGMA dendrogram showed that the captive population was the most distant group. The stability of genetic composition between the two periods was noticed by the low and non-significant and estimates. The results from this study are anticipated to provide important information for setting up more efficient strategies for the conservation and restocking of R. caspicus.

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