scholarly journals SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AT THE REMOTE PERIOD AFTER THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 437-448
Author(s):  
O. Nosach ◽  
◽  
E. Sarkissova ◽  
S. Alyokhina ◽  
O. Pleskach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: to evaluate the parameters of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the remote period after the influence of the Chornobyl accident factors. Materials and methods. Eighty two patients with NAFLD who had been exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the Chornobyl accident and have concomitant cardiovascular pathology were examined. Hematological parameters and the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined, and the content of products of oxidative modification of lipids and proteins was evaluated. Results. Activation of the processes of oxidative modification of lipids and proteins was observed in most patients with NAFLD. According to the level of hsCRP, the presence of subclinical inflammation and the risk of developing complicated cardiovascular pathology was found in 58 % of patients with NAFLD. The neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio correlates positively with hsCRP and can be used as an available routine clinical marker for selection among patients with NAFLD persons with increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Conclusions. HsCRP, oxidative modification products of lipids and proteins, ESR, and leukograms should be used to assess the degree of systemic inflammation in people affected by the Chornobyl accident, suffering NAFLD with concomitant cardiovascular disease. Key words: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic subclinical inflammation, Chornobyl accident.

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the hepatic consequence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bernadette Moore
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver disease in both adults and children worldwide. As a disease spectrum, NAFLD may progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. An estimated 20–35% of the general population has steatosis, 10% of whom will develop the more progressive non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated with markedly increased risk of cardiovascular- and liver-related mortality. Development of NAFLD is strongly linked to components of the metabolic syndrome including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes. The recognition that NAFLD is an independent risk factor for CVD is a major public health concern. There is a great need for a sensitive non-invasive test for the early detection and assessment of the stage of NAFLD that could also be used to monitor response to treatment. The cellular and molecular aetiology of NAFLD is multi-factorial; genetic polymorphisms influencing NAFLD have been identified and nutrition is a modifiable environmental factor influencing NAFLD progression. Weight loss through diet and exercise is the primary recommendation in the clinical management of NAFLD. The application of systems biology to the identification of NAFLD biomarkers and factors involved in NAFLD progression is an area of promising research.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Tana ◽  
Stefano Ballestri ◽  
Fabrizio Ricci ◽  
Angelo Di Vincenzo ◽  
Andrea Ticinesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

New evidence suggests that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a strong multifaceted relationship with diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, regardless of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Given the pandemic-level rise of NAFLD—in parallel with the increasing prevalence of obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome—and its association with poor cardiovascular outcomes, the question of how to manage NAFLD properly, in order to reduce the burden of associated incident cardiovascular events, is both timely and highly relevant. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the association between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease, and also to discuss possible clinical strategies for cardiovascular risk assessment, as well as the spectrum of available therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and its downstream events.

scholarly journals Non alcoholic fatty liver disease is a predictor of subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in the presence of Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Cemal Kemaloglu ◽  
Melek Didem Kemaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (c-imt) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to determine whether NAFLD is an independent predictor for the progression of atherosclerosis.  Method: This is a prospective randomized controlled study. 103 NAFLD patients who have hepatosteatosis with grade II and above were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into NAFLD with metabolic syndrome (MS) and NAFLD without MS groups and compared with 50 healthy people. Basal demographic characteristics and C-imt of all patients and control group were measured.  Results: C-imt and carotid cross sectional area rates in the NAFLD groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The mean and max. c-imt levels were significantly higher in the NAFLD group with metabolic syndrome (p<0,001). Homeostatic Model of Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were increased in the group with metabolic syndrome than those in the group without metabolic syndrome, with statistical significance (p<0.001). There was no difference in c-imt levels between HOMA-IR positive and negative groups (p=0.254) in patients with NAFLD and without metabolic syndrome. There was only a mild positive corelation between c-imt levels and high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in metabolic syndrome positive group (p=0.026 r=0.30).  Conclusion: NAFLD was a significant predictor to determine the increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis. 

scholarly journals Cardio-Metabolic Disorders in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza El Hadi ◽  
Angelo Di Vincenzo ◽  
Roberto Vettor ◽  
Marco Rossato
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stroke Type ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

With the progressive epidemics of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in adults and children. The increasing prevalence and incidence of NAFLD with advanced fibrosis is concerning because patients appear to experience higher non-liver-related morbidity and mortality than the general population. Recent clinical evidence suggests that NAFLD is directly associated with an increased risk of cardio-metabolic disorders. This mini review describes briefly the current understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD, summarizing the link between NAFLD and cardio-metabolic complications, focusing mainly upon ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiac arrhythmias. In addition, it describes briefly the current understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Metabolic disturbances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 539-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Byrne ◽  
Rasaq Olufadi ◽  
Kimberley D. Bruce ◽  
Felino R. Cagampang ◽  
Mohamed H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Over Time

NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) refers to a wide spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple steatosis to NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. NAFLD is strongly associated with insulin resistance and is defined by accumulation of liver fat >5% per liver weight in the presence of <10 g of daily alcohol consumption. The exact prevalence of NAFLD is uncertain because of the absence of simple non-invasive diagnostic tests to facilitate an estimate of prevalence. In certain subgroups of patients, such as those with Type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of NAFLD, defined by ultrasound, may be as high as 70%. NASH is an important subgroup within the spectrum of NAFLD that progresses over time with worsening fibrosis and cirrhosis, and is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. It is, therefore, important to understand the pathogenesis of NASH and, in particular, to develop strategies for interventions to treat this condition. Currently, the ‘gold standard’ for the diagnosis of NASH is liver biopsy, and the need to undertake a biopsy has impeded research in subjects in this field. Limited results suggest that the prevalence of NASH could be as high as 11% in the general population, suggesting there is a worsening future public health problem in this field of medicine. With a burgeoning epidemic of diabetes in an aging population, it is likely that the prevalence of NASH will continue to increase over time as both factors are important risk factors for liver fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to: (i) briefly discuss the epidemiology of NAFLD to describe the magnitude of the future potential public health problem; and (ii) to discuss extra- and intra-hepatic mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of NAFLD, a better understanding of which may help in the development of novel treatments for this condition.

scholarly journals Causes of Mortality in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Alcohol Related Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1079-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Johnston ◽  
Janisha Patel ◽  
Christopher D. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol related fatty liver disease (AFLD) both represent a spectrum of liver disease severity from hepatic steatosis to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Both NAFLD and AFLD are common diseases in the general population. NAFLD affects ~25% of the adult global population whilst AFLD has become the commonest indication for liver transplantation in the United States. It is often not possible to distinguish between NAFLD and AFLD on examination of liver histology, consequently, differentiation between NAFLD and AFLD is heavily reliant on a history of alcohol consumption. : Age, smoking, alcohol consumption and sex appear to influence the risk of mortality in NAFLD or AFLD. In NAFLD and AFLD, the key causes of increased liver-related mortality are advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis leading to complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated cirrhosis. NAFLD and AFLD are also associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality including an increased risk of extra-hepatic malignancy. Non-invasive biomarkers of liver disease severity in NAFLD and AFLD perform poorly to predict mortality. However, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, FIB-4 and the NAFLD Fibrosis Score are independently associated with increased mortality in NAFLD. : Both NAFLD and AFLD are associated with extra-hepatic risk factors and complications such as metabolic syndrome encompassing obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. AFLD is associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease as well as other organ damage. : This narrative review discusses the associations, risk factors and diagnostic biomarkers linking NAFLD and AFLD with increased mortality.

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