Philippine labour migration to Taiwan: Social, political, demographic, and economic dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Sills
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Potential Relief ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Philippine Government

The Philippines has become one of today’s leading exporters of migrants. This migration flow largely results from internal demographic and economic pressures, but has also been brought about by the policy decisions of the Philippine government which sees potential relief from remittances and reduction of unemployment. The continued cycling of labour migrants for more than 30 years has resulted in a “culture” of migration. Destinations for temporary labour migrants are influenced as well by demographic determinants such as low birth rates in the destination country, leading to a need for labourers, and high birth rates in the sending country, leading to surplus labourers. 

Multi-level Policy Approach in the Governance of Labour Migration: Considerations From the Philippine Experience

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Battistella
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Bilateral Approach ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Industry Training

Abstract With 40 years of experience in labour migration, the Philippines has designed a comprehensive approach for its governance that other countries of origin in Asia look up to. The objectives of the migration policy consist in facilitating the employment of Filipino workers abroad and the consequent economic benefits, while ensuring safe and decent conditions for the workers, through a variety of measures, including regulating the recruitment industry, training migrants through specific programmes, supervising the terms and conditions in the labour contract, and making available a system of redress for victimised migrants. These objectives are reached through the national migration policy. However, the national policy has inherent limitations, both in terms of design, implementation and reach, as the outreach of the Philippine government while migrants are abroad is limited to diplomatic and other services. For this reason, the Philippines has engaged both in bilateral and multilateral cooperation. This paper, after presenting the development of migration from the Philippines at the three policy levels, will briefly assess the efficacy of such policies, using indicators, such as growth of migration flows and coverage, to conclude that all three levels must be pursued, with some preference for the bilateral approach within a multilateral framework.

scholarly journals 50 Years A Slave

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 70-100
Author(s):  
Allain Fonte
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Philippine Government

Abstract   The Philippines has been deploying migrant workers to more than 192 countries, with a rising number that exceeds up to a million workers every year.   In 2009, the record of migrant workers’ remittances went up to 17.4 billion US dollars from 10.4 billion US dollars in 2005.  Reports showed that remittances comprise a bigger portion of the Philippines’ gross domestic product, as it contributed 10.8% to the GDP in 2005, and 11.1% in 2009.  After more than 50 years of deploying Filipino workers overseas, the Philippines should have improved with its labour policies and implementing them.  Yet, reports on abuses of Filipino workers can still be read and heard.  This paper reviews the two most controversial cases where the Philippine government had failed to protect its migrant workers by analysing its then labour policies; and how they have impacted the labour and migration sectors to ensure the welfare of its migrant workers.  Further, this research discusses reoccurring issues such as delayed services from government agencies, lack of administrative skills to process complaints and cases of Filipino migrant workers, poor communication and coordination among government offices, labour policies that do not abide by the constitution, and the unfair provisions in the treaties between Philippines and destination countries for low-skilled workers.   Keywords labour migration, migration, migrant workers, labour policies

scholarly journals Rethinking the Issue of Non-Compensability of Civilian Losses Caused by Security Forces During Non-International Armed Conflicts: The Case of the Marawi Crisis in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Norhabib Bin Suod Sumndad Barodi
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Property Losses ◽  
Legal Contexts ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Domestic Law

The terrorism element attendant in an armed conflict does not alter its destructive nature vis-à-vis civilian properties. One example is the Marawi crisis where the Philippine security forces, in response to the threat to national security, territorial integrity, and sovereignty, resorted to aerial bombings and shelling of private buildings, residential houses, and masajid infiltrated by local terrorists, resulting in the destruction of these civilian properties. This article addresses the issue of non-compensability of these civilian property losses. Arguments in favour of and against non-compensability are presented against the backdrop of the concept of reparations in both international law and Philippine domestic law. Based on existing legal realities in Philippine domestic law and jurisprudence, this article finds that reparations in the form of compensation in the context of the Marawi crisis may not be imposed upon the Philippine government as a legal obligation. However, Philippine domestic law and jurisprudence likewise provides for sufficient grounds that reparations in the form of compensation has become the moral obligation of the Philippine government, which it must pursue in the name of justice under a regime of rule of law. Yet ironically, while justice especially during the transition is the ultimate objective of reparations both in its moral and legal contexts, it is only in the latter context that reparations may be pursued judicially. In the final analysis, the non-compensability issue, though a legal one, is a question of choice on the part of the Philippine government.

Legal Framework on the Implementation of the Human Resource Management Reforms in the Philippines After the Marcos Era Up to the Duterte Administration

2021 ◽  
pp. 348-365
Author(s):  
Perfecto G. Aquino, Jr. ◽  
Revenio C. Jalagat Jr. ◽  
Mercia Selvia Malar Justin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Service Commission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Personnel Administration

This study is aimed at filling the gap and will discuss the overview of both the legal reform processes happening in the public sector of the Philippine government and of recent developments and challenges initiated by the Civil Service Commission of the Philippine government as its Central Personnel Agency. This chapter will cover the years commencing 1986 up to the present dispensation of the Duterte administration where the primary goal is to study and suggest the approaches to reforming the Civil Service system and its decision-making process. It also outlines the discourses on the reform of public service among educators and public officials in the Philippines. Then, it elaborates on the laws and institutional measures introduced for an effective public personnel administration system in the country. A documentary analysis on the successful practices of public personnel administration will be used to evolve on the possible steps/strategies to further enhance the delivery of personnel services of the government sector workforce in the Philippines.

scholarly journals Food and Nutrition Policies in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1733-1733
Author(s):  
Ana Kriselda Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
General Outcome ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Philippine Government

Abstract Objectives The objective of ths study is to identify and assess food and nutrition-related policies in the Philippines. It also aimed to identify gaps in the implementation of the identified policies. Methods To identify nutrition policies, two online public search engines were used – Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines and The LAWPHiL Project of the Arellano Law Foundation. Manual searching through the websites initially garnered 31 policies relating to food and nutrition. Excluded from the list are those which are primarily agriculture or industry in content. The remaining policies focused on nutrition promotion and enhancement of service delivery to improve nutrition outcomes. Results The Philippine government through its designate nutrition agencies have been responsive to the health needs of its people. Some policies have been lobbied for longer periods than others; while some which have already been enacted into national laws lacked updating. Common challenges to implementation are lack of monitoring and evaluation tools and resources, and lack of community awareness. Conclusions The general outcome of policy implementation is affected by political will on the local administrative level; thereby resulting to inconsistent action plans at the grassroots. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals The Development and Dynamics of Public–Private Partnerships in the Philippines’ Education: A Counterintuitive Case of School Choice, Competition, and Privatization

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-117
Author(s):  
Andreu Termes ◽  
D. Brent Edwards ◽  
Antoni Verger
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Voucher Scheme ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Education Service ◽  
Education School ◽  
Philippine Government

Educational public–private partnerships (EPPP) have been widely implemented in the Philippines, primarily through the Education Service Contracting (ESC) voucher. Yet, the effects of this voucher on privatization of education, school choice, and competition dynamics remain largely understudied. This article addresses this gap through an investigation of families’ school choice patterns and schools’ logics of action in the Philippines’ education. Paradoxically, despite the pro-private sector impetus of the Philippine government and the implementation of the voucher scheme, the privatization of school provision in the Philippines is diminishing, and the schools receiving the voucher are becoming increasingly unaffordable for the poor families to whom the voucher was initially targeted. In parallel, despite its initial equity focus, the voucher has led to different patterns of school choice among families and to an array of responses by schools, both of which have combined to accentuate school segregation and stratification dynamics—between and within schools.

scholarly journals Peran Indonesia dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik antara Pemerintah Filipina dan Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Hardi Alunaza SD ◽  
Dewa Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Resolution Process ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philippine Government

The Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF) has long been perceived by the Philippine government as a threat. The continuity of this conflict resulted in the instability of the Philippine state which also affects its relations with other countries. Indonesia as a neighboring country and one region with the Philippines helped to resolve the conflict between the Philippine government and MNLF. The presence of Indonesia became a history of Indonesian diplomacy for the world peace struggle contained in Indonesia’s Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. This paper is attempts to answer that question using conflict theory from Max Weber which focuses on interaction in conflict resolution. The results of this paper indicates that Indonesian’s role in mediating the conflict resolution process resulted in a Final Peace Agreement which is the final peace agreement between the Philippine Government and MNLF.Keywords: Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF), Philippine, Indonesia, conflict resolution, Final Peace Agreement, mediation

scholarly journals Mt Apo and other national parks in the Philippines

Oryx ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Conservation Programme ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Philippine Government

In 1984 international attention was focused on Mt Apo National Park in the Philippines when the IUCN declared it one of the world's most threatened protected natural areas. Human settlements had destroyed large areas of the park and in 1983 the Philippine Government reclassified over half of the park for agricultural development, although this was revoked in 1986. The author lived in the park while working on the Philippine Eagle Conservation Programme, witnessing the problems first-hand. He describes the park and the problems it faces, which he believes could be overcome.

scholarly journals ISLAM DAN PENDIDIKAN MADRASAH DI FILIPINA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Murtadlo
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
National Education ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

AbstractMadrasah in some Southeast Asian countries have a unique position, besides being as a place of teaching and educating Islam, it also performs the function of formal education. This study will examine the position of madrasah in one of the Southeast Asian countries, namely the Philippines. Madrasah in the Philippines was initially considered as part of the seeding the idea of separatist Moro people who want to separate from the Philippines. This research was conducted by literature study approach, with the aim of tracing the history and treatment of the Philippines government to this kind of educational institutions. The results showed that the Philippine government has started to accommodate madrasah in their national education system.AbstrakMadrasah di beberapa negara Asia Tenggara mempunyai posisi unik, di samping sebagai tempat pengajaran dan pendidikan agama Islam lembaga ini ternyata juga menjalankan fungsi pendidikan formal. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji posisi madrasah di salah satu negara Asia Tenggara, yaitu Filipina. Madrasah di Filipina awalnya dianggap sebagai bagian dari penyemaian ide separatisme bangsa Moro yang ingin memisahkan dari Filipina. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan, dengan tujuan melacak sejarah dan perlakuan pemerintah Filipina terhadap lembaga pendidikan jenis ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Filipina mulai mengakomodasi lembaga pendidikan madrasah dalam sistem pendidikan nasional mereka.

scholarly journals The Biosafety Regulatory Approach and Governance Mechanism of GM Crops in the Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Leonardo N. Pasquito
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Biotechnology ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Philippine Government

This paper analyzes the government biosafety regulatory approach to genetically modified (GM) crops in the Philippines focusing on the interplay and politics of the different government agencies (DOST-DOH-DENR-DA-DILG) that comprises the National Biosafety Committee of the Philippines (NBCP) in terms of entry permit applications of multinational companies, field trials, environmental assessment, health impact assessment, local supervision and regulation, commercial release and market test, nutritional study, and GMO product labelling. The study examines the regulatory policies of the Philippine government including local ordinances which aimed to support or discourage agricultural biotechnology innovations in the Philippines. Further, the paper investigates how the NCBP regulates the stakeholders’ debate on the risks and benefits of GMOs to the environment, human and animal health, and its impact on the food security program of the country. The study argues that the Philippine government is gradually losing its grip on the implementation of biosafety regulations and that invoking the precautionary principle, there is a need to resolve disputes in favor of the constitutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology of the people. The lack of dialogue and participatory public consultation to prevent clashing of interests on the conduct of field trials resulted in endless GMO war and debate. Thus, the study further noted that at present there is a looming deadlock on the debate of GMO between stakeholders which eventually is creating snail-pace agricultural biotechnology innovations and consequently stalling the food security program of the country.

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