Industry 4.0 and Internal Knowledge Management The case of Corporate Academies in Emilia-Romagna region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Professor Lucio Poma ◽  
Dr. Haya Al Shawwa ◽  
Concetta Rau
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Codified Knowledge ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
The Relationship

Industry 4.0 is not only a bundle of linked innovations, but a wide-ranging revolution that also affects the organizational aspects of the company and its value chain. This work focuses on the relationship between the tacit knowledge inherent in human resources and the codified knowledge built within the machinery and the whole production process 4.0. Human resources have returned to the center of the production process. Companies face a trade-off between the need to invest more and more resources towards internal training and the increased need to "retain" their employees. The Corporate Academy can be an interesting tool to achieve these two goals simultaneously. This work analyzes and compares 29 Italian Corporate Academies in the manufacturing sector based on a research and survey Nomisma. The study helped to understand the motivations that led these companies to adopt this tool, in addition to understand the different methods that they undertook in the process and the relative actual and expected benefits.

scholarly journals Corporate trade-off hypothesis: An investigation of relationship between business and financial risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Iordanis M. Eleftheriadis
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Business Risk ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Relationship

This survey is focused on the investigation of the concept of the corporate trade-off hypothesis (CTH), which suggests that firms adjust business risk and financial leverage to obtain the desirable amount of total systematic risk. The empirical tests were carried on a sample of 319 firms from the food and beverage manufacturing sector that covered the period 2008-2016. Prior empirical research has examined the relationship between business and financial leverage using market data. The aim of this research was to explore this relationship using accounting data. The use of accounting data made it possible to include unlisted companies in our survey. The results show that there is an inverse relationship between the variables of operating beta and mean debt ratio, which measure business risk and financial leverage respectively. Consequently, the empirical findings support the hypothesis that the corporate trade-off hypothesis is operative, for the cluster of food and beverage manufacturing companies.

scholarly journals MODELLING A BLOCKCHAIN SOLUTION FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT IN DIGITISED INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS

10.6036/10294 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 576-580
Author(s):  
IMANOL GARCÍA PASTOR ◽  
FRANCISCO SANCHEZ FUENTE ◽  
JOSE RAMON OTEGI OLASO
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property Management ◽  
Trade Secret Protection ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Business To Business

In the industry 4.0 vision, the competitiveness of companies is based on innovation, business-to-business collaboration and digitalisation. In such collaborative frameworks, the sharing of trade secrets depends to a greater or lesser extent on the degree of trust between the parties involved in the collaboration. This paper proposes an application model for trade secret protection based on blockchain, using the smart contracts support and tokenization capabilities available in the Ethereum network. The application of the model along the value chain of the collaborative industrial environment promotes the sharing of industrial secrets with the guarantee provided by blockchain technology, increasing trust and added value in the relationship. Keywords: Industry 4.0, blockchain, innovation, intellectual property, knowledge management

The Effect of Capital Structure on Profitability

2015 ◽  
pp. 307-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Effect Estimation ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of this chapter is to understand the trade-off between using debt and equity in the financing decisions of investments and investigate whether capital structure affects profitability of corporate firms in Turkey. This relationship is tested through using observations of 235 firms for 4 years with the inclusion of Correlation Analysis, Independent Sample t-test, and Regression Analysis with random/fixed effect estimation. Results show that in the manufacturing sector, size, growth, GDP, market to book value, short-term debt to total assets, and total debt to total assets came out to be significant factors in determining profitability (i.e. ROA). Findings indicate that the relationship between independent variables (i.e. debt/total assets and profitability) is positive, since firms can benefit from the tax advantages brought through receiving additional debt. For the service firms, contradictory results are obtained, such that the relationship between leverage and profitability is negative.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Service Expectations and Service Quality in University Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
Tran Hoang Minh
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
University Education ◽  
Student Service ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Service Expectations ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Resource Education

Along with the rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution, the countries face many opportunities and challenges brought by globalization. Especially with Vietnam, a developing country, challenges are posed in many fields such as policy, infrastructure, labor, human resource education, information technology, finance. Creating high-quality human resources is urgent at present and in the future in Industry 4.0. However, the education of human resources in universities still has some limitations, and management levels have not adequately recognized the relationship between student service expectations about services that higher education institutions have. The study will provide. Therefore, this study will clarify the relationship between the two above problems in the university education environment.

scholarly journals The use of innovative computer tools for the logistic improvement of the production process

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Ewa Kubińksa-Jabcoń ◽  
Mariusz Niekurzak
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Production Processes

The article discusses tools for improving production processes. The aim of the article was to compare them with a modern Industry 4.0 tool used to improve the production process. In the era of dynamically developing information systems, for monitoring production, acquiring large amounts of information during their work, it enables the implementation of advanced strategies in the area of maintenance and servicing of machines. The concept of Industry 4.0 remains at the center of the discussion of engineers and has a major impact on manufacturers of innovative machines as well as their end users. The combination of production processes with information technologies, which in themselves develop at a very fast rate, makes the automation of production lines more flexible, merges logistic processes and optimizes the value chain. Industry 4.0 means the integration of intelligent machines, systems and the introduction of changes in production processes aimed at increasing production efficiency and introducing the possibility of flexible product changes.

Digital retrofit: A first step toward the adoption of Industry 4.0 to the manufacturing systems of small and medium-sized enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (8) ◽  
pp. 1156-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I García ◽  
Ruth E Cano ◽  
Juan D Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Manufacturing Resources ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Large Investment ◽  
The Way

In recent years, Industry 4.0 has gained relevance in the manufacturing sector. On one hand, it is expected that this new paradigm will affect the entire value chain and increase the capabilities of the manufacturing system as a whole, in terms of interoperability and communication throughout factories and beyond. On the other hand, considering that small and medium-sized enterprises represent one of the main forces in economic development and employment generation, focus is shifting toward said manufacturing paradigm in order to ensure competitiveness in the market in the nearby future. However, economic factors could stand in the way of this migration. Thus, digital retrofit is seen as a possibility for the integration of Industry 4.0, paving the way for unappealing technologies to large investment opportunities. In this article, a thorough literary review is performed regarding the formal implementation of Industry 4.0 applications. The result is the Asset Administration Shell model. Afterward, a methodology is proposed for the design and implementation of the Asset Administration Shell, leading to a digital retrofit approach for manufacturing resources. Finally, the methodology is applied in a turning station, thereby validating an increase in the communication and interoperability of the station, which can be used to add overall value to the manufacturing system.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of industry 4.0 in Malaysia: a case study of higher education institution in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Mohd Arshad Mokhtar ◽  
Nurulhuda Noordin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Higher Education Institution ◽  
The Relationship

<span>Industry 4.0 is defining as a smart factory through the emerging technology of the virtual and physical world as a collective term of technologies and concepts of value chain organization. The lack of understanding about Industry 4.0 concepts in Malaysia, especially from Higher Education Institution perspective, becoming an issue in Malaysia. Furthermore, industries in Malaysia are still relying on external expertise to implement Industry 4.0 in their environment with the expectation of an increase in productivity, efficiency, quality and to move away from foreign workers. This research aims to describe the relationship between technologies within Industry 4.0, people and the environment from the perspective of the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia and identify the problem of applying Industry 4.0 at the Higher Education Institution. Qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from an academic area and Industry 4.0 expert who has experience in both industry and academia. The Work System Framework is adopted in this research as a theoretical lens to extract the relevant information and deepen the understanding of applying Industry 4.0 at the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia. Results of this research reveal the problems faced by the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia towards applying Industry 4.0 in teaching and learning based on the relationship of people, technology and the environment. The results may contribute knowledge to the universities in preparation for future-ready graduates or talents as human capital for Industry 4.0 in Malaysia.</span>

scholarly journals The Challenges and Role Played among Workers of Department Human Resources Management towards Industry 4.0 in SMEs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadillah Ismail ◽  
Adibah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Muhammad Asad Khan ◽  
Yuen Pei Yih ◽  
Adnan Ali Hassen Humeed Al Hosaini
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Workforce Training ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
State Office ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Do So

From smartphones to shrewd refrigerators, innovation has assumed a huge job in progressing most regions of our regular daily existences, yet it is additionally changing the universe of industry. Industry 4.0 is the imprint given to the moderate mix of conventional assembling and modern practices with the non-yielding mechanical world around us. Industry 4.0 is certainly not another development, nor is it a business discipline, anyway another approach to manage to achieve results that were not possible ten years back gratitude to the headways in innovation. To do so, first thing first, it is essential to determine the challenges are faced, and roles are played among workers of Human Resources Management (HRM) towards industry 4.0 in manufacturing SMEs. The study is intended to identify workers of HRM perform the challenges and tasks by randomly select 100 respondents from 50 manufacturing SMEs listed on SME Corp. State Office Perak within Menglembu, Perak. The present study provides a contribution to the area of industry 4.0, among the manufacturing sector of SMEs. The findings of this study show that the adoption of sector 4.0 influences all of the challenges which are lack of skilled workforce training and aging society later retirement. Besides that, all of the roles should play by HRM that SMEs can gain when they start to embrace industry 4.0, which is useful for workers.

scholarly journals Adoption of Industry 4.0 Technologies and Company Competitiveness: Case Studies from a Post-Transition Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Marta Götz ◽  
◽  
Barbara Jankowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Race To The Top ◽  
Adaptive Networks ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Expected Benefits

Manufacturers face increased cost pressure and market volatility. Product life cycles are getting shorter. Production has to be faster and increasingly local. The acceleration of “time-to-market” could happen thanks to the solutions of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), with supply chains morphing into highly adaptive networks with integrated entities. In this paper, we seek to exemplify the potential impact of I4.0 adoption on the competitiveness of the firms (being foreign subsidiaries among others) and ask about the nature of modernization as part of the global value chain in which the enterprise operates. Our research based on four case studies reveals that the competitive advantage of a firm could be modified in the era of Industry 4.0 as a result of a sector’s transformation and changing relationships with partners. These findings correspond with the literature stressing the uncertainty and complexity of the digital economy in general, as well as difficulties with the precise measuring of the expected benefits. The fourth industrial revolution emphasizes “the race to the top” giving priority to quality rather than cost reduction as a method of improving competitiveness and, since it implies the emergence of connected companies, truly linked with each other, the disappearance of clear boundaries between them.

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