scholarly journals The principles of organizing the material-technical support of the electric machine-building complex of the UKSSR in 1920-1925

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
І.О. Аннєнков
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Machine Building Complex

In this article re-create the historical picture of the process of forming the material and technical component of Ukrainian electric machine engineering during 1920-1925. Clarified that it took place in the context of policies of concentration of production in the public sector of the economy and centralization of the republican industry management at the Union level, and that fully corresponded to the concept of the USSR government regarding the conduct of electrification of the country. During the study period, the order of material and technical support of electric machine-building became the main and most effective way to achieve the objectives set by these policies in the Ukrainian segment of the Union industry. Electrification of production processes became one of the cornerstones of the Soviet government's industrialization of industry, the beginning of which he laid in the second half of the 1920s. This moment has determined the leading role of electrical engineering in the period of total transition to mechanization of production processes, as the development of this industry directly affected the composition of their characters and, accordingly, the consumption of electricity through the production of its conversion into mechanical and vice versa. Meanwhile, as early as the early 1920s, the domestic sphere of electric machine production was in a deep crisis, connected primarily with the consequences of the civil war (1918–1921). However, given the scale of the tasks set before it within the Soviet concept of electrification of the country in the middle of the same decade, its scientific and technological potential at this time was strong enough to at least achieve such tasks.However with it, the principles of filling the material-technical component of the scientific-technical potential of the electric machine-building complex, formed at that time, complicated this component future optimization, since they were based on the preventive increase in the absolute value of production capacities, without taking into account both the dynamics of the expansion of the range of electric machines and the development of means and technologies for their production.

scholarly journals Cooperation with AEG in 1925–1928 as the first form of scientific-technical borrowings in the electric machine-building industry of the Ukrainian SSR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(16)) ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ihor Annienkov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Scientific Technical

Scientific-technical borrowings are one of those types of scientific support for the work of industrial sectors, whose role in the conditions of exiting the crisis to acquiring the particular importance. Since the mid-1920s, they have become the main how of scientific support for the organization of the development of Ukrainian electric machine-building industry in the context of large-scale electrification of the country. That was due to the need for a quick withdrawal of this industry from the previous crisis in the absence in the Ukrainian SSR of its own scientific support system for the electric machine engineering. The first form of scientific-technical borrowings for the republican segment of the Soviet Union profile industry was the agreement between the State Electrotechnical Trust and the German electrotechnical company Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft on scientific-technical cooperation. The main objective of this act was to achieve at the lowest possible financial cost the fastest possible increase in productivity of the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant. To do this, it was supposed using the American technologies for the production of electrical machines but implemented them on German technological equipment. Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft was the company that already made such it at the beginning of the twentieth century using the technologies of the General Electric Company. Moreover, in the pre-Soviet period, it made an attempt to hold a similar act at the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant, which it owned in this time; however it ended in failure due to the revolutionary upheavals that began in Ukraine. Thus, the agreement concluded with the German company was a continuation of the same actions, what itself had begun, but, already in new historical realities. That is, the Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft actions were copied by the Soviet government, however, adapted to the Soviet way of organizing industrial production. Despite the fundamental difference between the latter and the working conditions of the Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft in Germany, the concentration of the parties precisely on the scientific and technical component of the project made it possible to achieve the expected result in full. However, at the same time, Ukrainian electric machine builders focused specifically on the speed of duplication of scientific-technical knowledge missed the opportunity to study the methodology for obtaining them. This became the reason that these scientific-technical borrowings did not become the proper basis for the formation of the scientific component of the scientific-technical potential of the domestic electric machine-building industry.

Book reviews

2018 ◽  
pp. 150-152
Author(s):  
L. M. Besov
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
State Institution ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Fundamental Science ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Presidents of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for 100 years of its existence: Scientific and organizational cont ribution to the progress of fundamental science / VN Gamalia, Yu. K. Duplenko, V. I. Onoprienko, S. P. Ruda, V. S. Savchuk; for ed. V.I. Onoprienko; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; State Institution "G. M. Dobrov Institute Research of Scientific-Technical Potential and History of Science". - Kyiv: SE "Inf.-analytical Agency ", 2018. - 215 p.

THE NEED FOR TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT OF MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Borisovna Vishnyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Machine Building Complex ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article discusses the need for modernization of equipment and technical re-equipment at the enterprises of the machine-building complex and how these measures contribute to the improvement of indicators in the industry.

Methodological Support of the Competitiveness Management of the Machine-Building Complex of the Republic of Belarus on the Basis of the Strategic Business Units Creation

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Olga S. Bliznyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Competitive Capabilities ◽  
Competitive Mechanism ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
Machine Building Complex

In the context of a rapidly changing economic reality, the management of large industrial complexes at the macro level has been become increasingly complex and difficult to predict. Directly, the ability to find, create, and combine new and existing conceptual foundations of management policy that have not been used before, but take into account the trends and features of certain socio-economic systems provides an opportunity to develop and create a flexible, adaptive management competitive mechanism that allows, depending on the circumstances, both to re-develop the system from the inside and adjust it to the existing conditions of the macro-environment. Thus, management becomes the main strategic resource that ensures the competitive advantage of the socio-economic system, as well as its’ “survival”, adaptation, transformation and development. The machine-building complex of the Republic of Belarus is an example of a multidimensional volumetric socio-economic system that requires large management costs to increase and strengthen its competitive capabilities and potential. This article is devoted directly to the development of methodological tools for managing the competitiveness of the machine-building complex of the Republic of Belarus, taking into account the features and conditions of its functioning.

Russian Engineering Industry in International Economic Links System

2010 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Medium Development ◽  
Dynamic Economy ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Machine Building Complex

The place of Russian engineering in international trade-production ties system is defined, its position relative to the leading world engineering centers is evaluated, the main directions of foreign relations are analyzed. It is concluded that up to date, for the most part, Russia has taken a stand of an “assembly-room”, typical for countries of medium development level. However, for a dynamic economy development, it needs a potent machine-building complex.

scholarly journals COMPETITIVENESS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL MACHINE BUILDING MARKET: REALITIES AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
V.H. Gerasymchuk ◽  
O.O. Zrobok
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Machine Building Complex ◽  
Building Enterprises

The essence of the concept of "product competitiveness" is considered. The factors of competitiveness of products of machine-building enterprises on the international market are systematized. Based on the systematization of quantitative and qualitative methods of assessing the level of competitiveness, a step-by-step method for mechanical engineering enterprises is proposed. The state of the machine-building complex of Ukraine is considered. The dynamics of factors of international competitiveness of machine-building enterprises is analyzed: number of enterprises by machine-building branches; volume of sales and production of machine-building products; shares of mechanical engineering products in domestic exports; capital investments of enterprises in the fields of mechanical engineering. As a result of diagnosing the factors, a PEST-analysis of the domestic machine-building complex with the division of factors into political, economic, social and technological was carried out. It is established that machine-building enterprises of Ukraine have a low level of competitiveness in international markets due to a number of negative factors, the key of which are: insufficient demand in foreign markets, high dependence on fluctuations in resource prices (economic); imperfect legislation, the war in eastern Ukraine (political); technological and moral obsolescence of products and fixed assets, high energy consumption and low productivity, low costs of R&D (technological); lack or outflow of qualified manufacturers abroad, low wages, low motivation of job seekers to employment in the field of mechanical engineering (social). Measures to increase international competitiveness which are proposed include following: preferential lending; revival of basic and applied science; reforming the legal regulation of intellectual property; ensuring compliance of products with European technical regulations. Prospects for the development of domestic engineering: digitalization, development of robotics, technology of Industry 4.0, infrastructure of technology parks.

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