ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM OF PREVENTION OF DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNET ENVIRONMENT ON THE STUDENT YOUTH

The paper presents an analysis of the results of an experiment on the implementation of a comprehensive program for the prevention of the destructive influence of the Internet environment on student youth in the activities of social service centers. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of scientific work, the sample consisted of 533 people aged 16 to 25 years. The proposed program is based on the assumption that critical thinking is an effective means of counteracting the destructive information impact. According to the results of the analyzed data, positive changes that occurred in young people in accordance with the axiological, cognitive and praxiological components of the formation of critical thinking. As a result of the pedagogical experiment, the majority of respondents in the experimental group achieved high and medium development of the indicators of the criteria. The effectiveness of the implementation of the developed program in the preventive activities of specialists in social work of social service centers has been proven.

Role and Evolution of the Extracellular Matrix in the Acquisition of Complex Multicellularity in Eukaryotes: A Macroalgal Perspective

Multicellular eukaryotes are characterized by an expanded extracellular matrix (ECM) with a diversified composition. The ECM is involved in determining tissue texture, screening cells from the outside medium, development, and innate immunity, all of which are essential features in the biology of multicellular eukaryotes. This review addresses the origin and evolution of the ECM, with a focus on multicellular marine algae. We show that in these lineages the expansion of extracellular matrix played a major role in the acquisition of complex multicellularity through its capacity to connect, position, shield, and defend the cells. Multiple innovations were necessary during these evolutionary processes, leading to striking convergences in the structures and functions of the ECMs of algae, animals, and plants.

Spectroscopic Analysis for Harnessing the Quality and Potential of Gemstones for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

Introduction of modern technologies and methods and quality analysis for the gemstone industry are the main strategic initiatives of the Small and Medium Development Authority (SMEDA) of Pakistan. In this regard, four natural gemstones Quartz, Pyrope-Almandine Garnet, Black tourmaline, and Amethyst brought from Hunza valley Pakistan were analyzed by state-of-the-art spectroscopic techniques including EDX, UV-VIS, and FTIR spectroscopy. EDX revealed the traces of Fe, Mg, and Ca in Pyrope-Almandine garnet, Mg and Fe in Black tourmaline, Au and Ca in Amethyst. UV-VIS data revealed the values of Urbach energies 520, 210, 460, and 430 meV, and the values of direct bandgap energies 5.14, 6.12, 5.54, 5.74 eV, respectively. The higher structural disorder due to the presence of Fe and other impurities in stones except Quartz was attributed to the higher values of Urbach energies and decrease in band gaps: FTIR data Fe-O and Si-O stretching vibration in Pyrope-Almandine garnet, Si-O bending vibrations and O-H stretching vibration in Quartz, Si-O-Si bending and stretching vibrations and C=O stretching vibrations in Black tourmaline, Ca-O stretching vibrations and Si-OH weak-vibrations in Amethyst. Photoluminescence results also showed useful information in investigating the properties of gemstones.

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Complex Use of Biofungicides on Spring Wheat

In 2018–2019, the studies were carried out in order to assess the effectiveness of the use of various biofungicides on spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on grey wood soil in the Predkamsk zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. The agents based on Bacillus subtilis strain 63-Z (Baxis®) and Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain (Pseudobacterin 2®) were used as biofungicides. The chemical fungicides were used as a standard (for seed treatment – prothioconazole + tebuconazole (Lamador®); for spraying – spiroxamine + tebuconazole + triadimenol (Falcon®)). The research results showed that the use of biofungicides for seed treatment and spraying during the earing phase of wheat has a pronounced effect on the length of the stem and the number of grains in the ear. Under the influence of the use of biofungicides, the damage to plants by root rot, leaf septoria and powdery mildew was reduced. In terms of their effect on leaf septoria and powdery mildew, the chemical fungicides were somewhat superior to biological ones. The highest yield of spring soft wheat was obtained using the scheme in which the seeds were treated with Baxis and the plants in the earing phase were sprayed with Pseudobacterin 2. This scheme provided the increase in yield by 1.1 t / ha compared to control and by 0.29 t / ha when using standard chemical fungicides for seed treatment and spraying of crops. The use of such a scheme significantly reduces the cost of the protection of wheat plants from diseases. As a result of research, it was shown that with a weak and medium development of diseases, the use of biofungicides can be an effective alternative to the use of standard chemical fungicides.

New Measurement System for Sustainability : MNB’s Sustainability Report and Index

Our study explains why it is important to implement the aspects of sustainability in order to successfully converge and break out of the trap of medium development, and presents the main findings of the MNB Sustainability Report and Index based on a self-developed quantification-purpose methodology. The socio-economic system of a country is considered sustainable if its environmental, social, financial and real economy resources are used in a sustainable way to achieve and maintain longterm prosperity. The MNB’s Sustainability Index ranks Hungary 15th among the 27 EU member states in 2021, which is slightly better than the average ranking of the Visegrád countries, but slightly behind the EU average. There is room for improvement in all four priority areas, with the identification of the greatest scope for convergence in the financial and social sustainability dimensions. In line with the frameworks of international organisations (UN, OECD) with a strong track record in sustainability, the MNB report helps to identify key areas of potential sustainability strengths and reserves, thus supporting, on the one hand, long-term, strategic policy-making, specialised research in the field of sustainability and, on the other hand, sustainable convergence.

Quantification of the Coordination Degree between Dianchi Lake Protection and Watershed Social-Economic Development: A Scenario-Based Analysis

Dianchi Lake is the largest freshwater lake on the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau near Kunming City, China. As one of the most polluted lakes in China, although billions of U.S. dollars have been spent trying to clean it up, water pollution and eutrophication are still a bottleneck for regional sustainable development. This research established an integrated approach for the evaluation of the coupling coordination degree to support future planning of the Dianchi Lake basin. Ten future scenarios for possible development directions of Dianchi Lake basin were designed to find the best balance between development and protection. Among these scenarios, a high protection–medium development scenario is the most suitable scenario for future development planning. To further improve the coordination degree, economic growth control and non-point source governance were the most effective and feasible approaches. Furthermore, a water quality model was used to verify the coordination degree. It was found that the high protection–medium development scenario can reach the water quality target in 2025. The coordination degree evaluation could be a practical link to help equilibrate the socio-economic development and environmental protection of the Dianchi Lake basin.

Аdaptive properties and selection value of the collection genotypes of winter wheat by the features of ear productivity.

In the conditions of the global climate change, it is important to find the donors of the adaptive properties among the existing initial material of wheat, because only on the basis of the targeted selection of the parental components for crossbreeding it can be expected to obtain the selection material with the specified parameters of adaptability. The purpose of this research was to assess the collection samples of soft winter wheat by the features of ear productivity and to establish the adaptive peculiarities by these features. The results of a three-year (2014–2016) study of the level of implementation and variability of the ear productivity features – ear length, ear weight, number of ear spikelets, number of ear grains and grain weight from the ear have been presented in the article, and also the indices of homeostaticity (Hom) and selection value (Sc) of the studied wheat genotypes by these features have been calculated. The object of the research was 45 varieties and 9 selection lines of different genetic and ecological and geographical origin. As the result of the conducted researches, the existence of a significant difference between the collection genotypes of wheat has been established both by the level of the ear productivity development features and their variability during the years of the research. The maximum development level of the ear productivity features had 6 species (Hordovyta, Stanichnaya, Legenda, Pereyaslavka, Oksana, Liryka). By the vast majority of the features, the average level exceeded 7 varieties and 2 selection lines (Rosinka Tarasovskaya, Banga, Venera, Volnitsa, Masha, Krasota, Ebi, Kiu-07, 89-I/2). The homeostaticity index characterizes the ability of the genotype to minimize the negative influence of the environmental factors. It has been established that the collection samples of soft winter wheat had different levels of homeostaticity features of ear productivity. Some collection varieties of wheat had a high level of homeostaticity by certain features of ear productivity, but a low or medium development level of the features themselves. Some genotypes were characterized by high values of both homeostaticity and features development level. The greatest value is represented by the genotypes in which high homeostaticity and selection value is combined with a high level of productivity features development – Zdobna, Dobirna, Zapashna, Dbailyva, Fermerka, Krasota, Masha, Stanichnaya, Oda, Legenda, Kyu99, 89-I/2, etc. These genotypes can be used as the donors of a high level of ear productivity with their high homeostaticity. Thus, as the result of the conducted researches, we have established different nature of the manifestation and variability of the ear productivity features of the collection genotypes of soft winter wheat of different genetic origin. The conducted assessment of the homeostaticity and selection value of the productivity features allowed identifying a number of the varieties and selection lines of wheat that can be used in the combination selection as the donors of high ear productivity in the complex of adaptability have been carried out. Key words: soft winter wheat, genotype, ear productivity, homeostatic, adaptability, selection value.

HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN, SIKAP, DAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI DENGAN KEBERHASILAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSLUSIF DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI

Indonesia's health development plan according to the National Medium Development Plan (RPJMN) for 2015-2019 states that the target for infant mortality is 24 per 1,000 live births while by 2018 the infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still high at 31 per 1,000 births. There are various causes of infant death, one of which is an infectious disease. Provision of breast milk (ASI) is one thing that can prevent infants from infectious diseases. Exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to 6 months of age is very important. however, exclusive ASI coverage in Bukittinggi city has decreased from year to year. The research method in this study is a mixture / combination (mixed methods). Data collection methods in quantitative research using questionnaires while qualitative research uses in-depth interviews (indepth interview) to find problems more openly and make observations and study documents. It is expected that the baby's mother should be more active in seeking information about Exclusive ASI and the benefits of Exclusive ASI so that awareness arises to make every effort to continue to provide Exclusive ASI to the child even if the mother is working or outside the home.Rencana pembangunan kesehatan Indonesia menurut Rencana Pembangunan Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) tahun 2015-2019 disebutkan bahwa target untuk angka kematian bayi adalah 24 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup sedangkan samapai tahun 2018 angka kematian bayi di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 31 per 1.000 kelahiran. Ada berbagai macam penyebab kematian bayi, salah satu diantaranya adalah penyakit infeksi. Pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) merupakan salah satu hal yang dapat mencegah bayi dari penyakit infeksi Pemberian asi ekslusif pada bayi hingga usia 6 bulan merupakan hal yang sangat penting. akan tetapi cakupan asi ekslusif di kota bukittinggi dari tahun ke tahun mengalami penurunan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah campuran/kombinasi (mixed methods). Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner sedangkan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) agar ditemukan permasalahan secara lebih terbuka serta melakukan observasi dan studi dokumen. Diharapkan Ibu bayi hendaknya lebih aktif mencari informasi tentang ASI Eksklusif dan manfaat dari ASI Eksklusif sehingga timbul kesadaran untuk berupaya semaksimal mungkin untuk tetap memberikan ASI Ekslusif kepada anak walaupun ibu tersebut bekerja atau berada di luar rumah.

PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S CREATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PRACTICAL ART METHODS

The article presents the theoretical analysis and empirical research on preschool children’s creative development by means of art. We are convinced that art practices as an innovative technology should be used in order to develop children's abilities and creativity, the creativity of adults working with children. After all, the basis of art practices is art as an activity that reveals the reality in specific sensory images. We have determined that the productive activities that are most interesting for preschool children are drawing and fairy-tale situations. The empirical study used drawing and fairy-tale techniques. We selected and described the art practices to be used in work with preschool children with the aim to develop such qualities as observation, attention, memory, imagination, fantasy. These qualities contribute to the development of preschool children’s independent creative activities, which form all the best human qualities and reveal their, often hidden, talents, skills and abilities. The children from the experimental group showed more creative elements and did it clearly during tasks solving compared to the control group. They offered more original options in addition to the standard vision of objects and phenomena. Modern preschool children are characterized by decreased activity, poorer imagination. Preschoolers’ creative development lags far behind their peers from the previous century. In addition, modern children have either high or low creative development (only few children showed medium development). Children’s awareness of modern electronic devices makes them dependent on gadgets, computers and television. At the same time, the number of gifted children has increased dramatically, as well as indigo children, who are characterized by super-abilities and changes in their psyche. All these facts point to problems and contradictions existing at modern older preschoolers. Participating in art practices, preschool children can reveal their potential for the development of their creativity. Children learn to solve various creative tasks, express themselves artistically and develop hidden talents. Art promotes children's abilities, motives, knowledge and skills, so that they create something new, original, unique. The proposed art practices opens the space for educators, psychologists at children's educational institutions to develop children’s creativity, because humanity has not yet invented a better creative tools than fairy tales, drawing, games, stories. From the first years of life, children have a natural need to show their own uniqueness, individuality, to reveal their talents and creative abilities. In kindergarten, children love to draw, sing, dance, having great fun. There is no doubt that art is the language of children’s souls. It is an efficient tool for the development of preschooler’s abilities, skills and creativity. Art practice for preschool children is an interesting and bright game.