scholarly journals STUDYING THE PUBLIC OPINION OF GEOGRAPHY AS A SUBJECT AND ITS KNOWLEDGE ELEMENTS: A CASE OF HUNGARY

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-522
Author(s):  
Erika Homoki ◽  
László Sütő
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the long history of the science of geography, its current educational position is uncertain. Meanwhile, it offers knowledge elements useful in everyday life, required for literacy in natural sciences. The subject is unique in giving information necessary for orientation in the social-economic field and reveals the relationship between the society and the environment. In Hungary the public educational requirements for a subject include the incorporation of social scientific results or the transfer of integrated knowledge founding such results. This requirement is met fully in the curriculum of geography, however, continuously decreasing the number of lessons reduces its efficiency. The questionnaire survey covering 1218 respondents focuses on the position of geography as a subject in public education and on the opinion regarding the knowledge it provides and assesses the depth of geography people have from what they learnt in school. Key words: education of geography, Hungary, knowledge of geography, opinion of geography.

Social scientific inquiry and meta-theoretical fantasy: the case of International Relations

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1447-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN G. GUNNELL
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Philosophical Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe turn to the philosophy of scientific realism as a meta-theory for the study of International Relations manifests a reluctance to confront the basic problem of the relationship between philosophy and social scientific inquiry. Despite the realists' rejection of traditional empiricism, and particularly the instrumentalist account of scientific theory, the enthusiasm for realism neglects many of the same problems that, more than a generation earlier, were involved in the social scientific embrace of positivism. One of these problems was a lack of understanding regarding the character and history of the philosophy of natural science and its relationship and applicability to the study of social phenomena. Proponents of realism have also neither adequately articulated and defended realism as a philosophical position, and distinguished it from other perspectives, nor confronted the fundamental challenge to realism and other foundationalist philosophies which has been mounted by the contemporary critique of traditional representational philosophy.

scholarly journals Political exile in the post-2019 Brazilian context: history of exile and work-existence/resistance of a Brazilian intellectual

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-324
Author(s):  
FERNANDA TARABAL LOPES ◽  
ALESSANDRA DE SÁ MELLO DA COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Far Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Exile ◽  
University Professor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Recent years have witnessed the rise of far right-wing leaders in various parts of the world. Stanley (2019) recognizes the particularities of the different nations where this phenomenon is observed but advocates for generalizing it. The author uses the label “fascism” to refer to a variety of ultranationalism. When analyzing the current Brazilian situation, Souza (2019) also refers to fascism, exploring its irrational origins and particularities in Brazil, noticing the emergence of a neo-fascism. Against this backdrop, there are cases of people leaving their countries due to the increasing violence experienced. This study explores this particular situation, presenting the history of Tiburi’s exile, a philosopher, writer, university professor, and Brazilian politician. Concerning the theoretical discussion of the case, the study recalls, among other contributions, the debate about the centrality of work and its psychological function and how it presents itself as a form of existence and resistance for political exile. The article also discusses solidarity and the ‘public space of word’, a possibility that ceases in the country of origin and is sought in expatriation, primarily through work as a mode of existence and resistance. This study uses life history research, which is a rich possibility of apprehending the social experience and the subject in their practices. It is a method particularly fruitful in the study of phenomena such as migration. It is also essential through this research to register and reflect on work in the context of the recent Brazilian political exile.

Popular Science and Politics in Interwar France

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
High Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Intense Activity ◽  
Science In Society

ArgumentThe interwar period in France is characterized by intense activity to disseminate science in society through various media: magazines, conferences, book series, encyclopedias, radio, exhibitions, and museums. In this context, the scientific community developed significant attempts to disseminate science in close alliance with the State. This paper presents three ambitious projects conducted in the 1930s which targeted different audiences and engaged the social sciences along with the natural sciences. The first project was a multimedia enterprise aimed at bridging what would later be named “the two cultures” – natural sciences and humanities – rather than at popularizing scientific results in the society at large. The second project, an encyclopedia namedEncyclopédie françaiseedited by the French historian Lucien Febvre, was meant to shape a cultural view of science for the general public. The third project and the most successful enterprise was thePalais de la découvertedesigned by the physicist Jean Perrin and explicitly aimed at attracting the young public. This paper explores the paradoxes that resulted from these large enterprises. Despite their social ideals, the scientists-popularizers favored an elitist concept of popular science essentially aimed at integrating science into high culture. While they strove to overcome the increased specialization of sciences, their efforts nevertheless accelerated the professionalization of scientific research and the isolation of science in an ivory tower. In their attempts to get closer to the public, they eventually contributed to spreading the cliché of the increasing gap between the scientists and the public.

scholarly journals Carl Schmitt: Positionen and Begriffe. The Difference Between Politics and the Political

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Paweł Kaczorowski
Keyword(s):  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Political Thinker ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe ◽  
Special Space

The subject of consideration is the relationship between politics and the political, as it is presented in two dissertations by Carl Schmitt from the 1920s: the famous Der Begriff des Politischen and the most extensive work from this period – Verfassungslehre. The thesis of the article is that, contrary to the fairly widespread interpretation of both these phenomena, that is, politics in the common sense and its special form to which Carl Schmitt referred as the political, should not be treated as explanandum and explanans, but as separate, co-occurring and somewhat complementary phenomena. While politics involves state actions for the public interest, ideologically defined according to classic political categories, the political is a sphere of specific actions in the special space of relations sometimes formed between collective entities, defined by the terms enemy-friend, a space cognitively diagnosed by Carl Schmitt. The political is not a real form of politics, but a form of action in the sphere of collective life other than politics, which is essentially important for building the structure of the state. The disclosure of the political in the activities of individual countries is an important element of analysis in foreign policy, an element of analysis of a situation within international relations. Revealing the political as a kind of arcana imperi of state actions, Carl Schmitt appears not only and not primarily as a neutral theoretician of politics, but as a German national political thinker, analysing primarily the situation of Germany in relation to the Entente countries at a very special moment in the history of twentieth-century Europe.

scholarly journals Fundo público, política social e Venezuela Bolivariana

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Neves da Silva Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Public Fund ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Social Question ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Oil Rents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo — A formação social venezuelana é caracterizada por sua condição de exportadora de petróleo e o papel cumprido pela renda petroleira internacional captada. Busca-se debater a relação entre renda petroleira, fundo público e política social durante a história recente da Venezuela, marcada sobretudo a partir de 1999 pelo processo bolivariano. A partir de uma discussão teórica mais geral sobre fundo público e política social, busca-se compreender a especificidade assumida no período recente na Venezuela, tendo em vista o aumento da renda petroleira disponível e a centralidade atribuída à questão social pelo governo bolivariano. Como conclusão indicamos a relação entre a população trabalhadora excedente e a renda petroleira como um traço marcante do processo bolivariano, bem como a presença de significativa fuga de capitais.   Palavras-chave: Venezuela; Renda Petroleira; Fundo Público; Política Social; Processo Bolivariano.     Abstract — The Venezuelan social formation is characterized by its condition of oil exporter and the role fulfilled by the international oil rents. This paper seeks to discuss the relationship between oil rents, public fund and social policy during the recent history of Venezuela, marked since 1999 by the Bolivarian process. From a more general theoretical discussion on the public fund and social policy, it is sought to understand the specificity assumed in the recent period in Venezuela in view of the increase of available oil rents and the centrality attributed to the social question by the Bolivarian government. As a conclusion, we indicate the relation between the surplus working population and the oil rents as an important feature of the Bolivarian process as well as the presence of significant capital flight.   Keywords: Venezuela; Oil Rent; Public Fund; Social Policy; Bolivarian Process.

scholarly journals Book Review : SEJARAH KERETA API YOGYAKARTA 1917-1942 (HISTORY OF YOGYAKARTA RAILWAYS 1917-1942)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagus Candra Ramadhan ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Railroad Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vital Element

The Book Sejarah Kereta Api Yogyakarta 1917-1942 was published as a complement to reading about the railroad network that had existed in the kingdom during the colonial period. In addition, this book is a means of education for the public that trains are not just transportation for mobility from one place to another. However, trains can be a vital element and influence the social, economic, political and cultural conditions in a society. The author also hopes that today's society will not forget about the great contribution that the railroad network has made.

scholarly journals A atribulada criação da Biblioteca Pública de Braga e o seu arrojado bibliotecário limiano

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Sequeiros
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The creation of the Public Library of Braga, one of the first of the modern times in Portugal, and a brief sociobiography of Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Abreu, the first librarian, are here presented within the context of the social, economic, cultural and political power relations of the initial decades of the Library’s history.Some episodes of the creation and of the consolidation of the Library, as well as some episodes of the librarian’s professional life will be outlined to facilitate a wider reading. While building from specificity, the analysis and interpretation of this case enclose an explanatory capacity addressed at a wider framework, in what concerns both the history of public libraries in Braga, and the understanding of the cultural history of this period in Braga and in Portugal.

Language, Labels and Lived Identity in Debates about Science, Religion and Belief

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-78
Author(s):  
Tom Kaden ◽  
Stephen H. Jones ◽  
Rebecca Catto ◽  
Grace Davie
Keyword(s):  
Science And Religion ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Atheism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Treatment

In public discussion and polling on the subject of science and belief people’s views are often subsumed under identity labels such as ‘Creationism’, ‘Darwinism’, ‘New Atheism’, ‘Intelligent Design’ and ‘Theistic Evolutionism’. Often, these labels are held to accurately represent people’s views both by public figures and by social scientific researchers. In this chapter, Kaden, Jones and Catto make the case for a reassessment of the role of labels and the knowledge connected to them in popular and social scientific treatment of the relationship between science and belief. They argue that there are considerable problems in identifying people’s views using the majority of commonly used analytic labels. Drawing on 123 semi-structured interviews with scientists and members of the public in the UK and Canada from a range of religious and non-religious positions, the authors then show that such categories of belief are creatively interpreted. The authors highlight the limited salience of popular concepts in science and religion debates, showing that such terms are frequently unfamiliar to British and Canadian publics. Based on their analysis, they argue that naive application of labels contributes to misperceptions and prejudices, especially relating to religious people’s beliefs about human origins. Finally, they conclude that to limit such misperceptions attention needs to be paid by scholars to whether, how and why individuals relate their fundamental beliefs to aspects of science.

scholarly journals Relinking Work and Leisure in Late Victorian and Edwardian England: The Emergence of a Police Subculture

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haia Shpayer-Makov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Society ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Work Organizations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Elite ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Studies of the history of leisure have emphasized the separation between work and leisure which developed with the growth of industrial society. Only scant attention has been devoted by historians and sociologists of leisure to the continuing links between work and leisure throughout the nineteenth century, as reflected in recreational activities organized by employers for their employees. Such attention as has been paid to the subject has concentrated on industrial workers, largely ignoring the more systematic and extensive provision of leisure in work organizations belonging to the public sector. In an attempt to explore linkages between work and leisure in this emerging sector, the article focuses on the English police force and will address the following questions. What did the authorities aim to achieve in imposing control through leisure? How did the policemen react to such policies and was this strategy successful? What prompted the social and economic elite to become involved in moulding entertainment for police employees, and what was the impact of police leisure on the community at large?

Historically Speaking—: The History of Mathematics as a Part of the History of Mankind

1968 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-527
Author(s):  
Arthur O. Garder
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Milieu ◽  
The Relationship

Many conclusions useful for the future of mathematics might result from a sustained investigation into the relationship between the history of mathematics and the history of the societies in which mathematics has developed. For example, is it posible to reach some conclusion about the nature of the social, economic, and political milieu which is optimal for the development of science in general and of mathematics in particular?

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