Evaluating antimicrobial activity and total phenolic content of commonly used herbs and spices in Fiji

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafiar Naaz ◽  
Krishneel Raj ◽  
Kriti Singh ◽  
Shonal Lata ◽  
Ashneel Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Herbs And Spices

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Costus woodsonii

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Mukesh S Sikarwar ◽  
Chew Khai Szeek ◽  
Neeraj Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Concentration Test ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Background: Herbal medicine mostly contains wide range of chemical compounds responsible for medicinal therapeutic use. Costus woodsonii is commonly called as Red Button Ginger and synonyms of the botanical name are Costus spiralis, Alpinia spiralis and Costus pisonis. In Malay, it is known as Setawar Halia Merah. In Chinese, it is known as Hong Bi Qiao Jiang. Objective: This research was conducted to study the pharmacognostical, phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of C. woodsonii leaf extracts. Method: Macroscopy, microscopy, phytochemical analysis, thin layer chromatography, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of C. woodsonii leaf were carried out. Total flavonoids were estimated in the leaf extract. The total phenolic content of C. woodsonii leaf was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity of leaf extract of C. woodsonii was determined by performing DPPH radical scavenging. The microbial activity was determined by Well diffusion test, MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) test. Result and Discussion: C. woodsonii belongs to costaceae with elliptical green leaves. Till now are no extensive studies on C. woodsonii. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid, steroid, fat, phenol, tannin and mucilage in leaf extract. Physicochemical studies further revealed the ash value of leaf as 8.7%. Among the three extractions, alcohol extractive values showed the highest as 13%. Loss on drying at 105 degree Celsius in leaf was found to be 12.67%. The plant extract showed total phenolic content of 7.941 mg GAE/g at concentration of 5µg/ml. As for flavonoids content, plant extract showed 21.7 mg RE/g at concentration of 200µg/ml and 43.4 mg RE/g at concentration of 400µg/ml. For antioxidant activity, the plant extract showed weak antioxidant activity in DPPH scavenging activity assay. For antimicrobial test, the leaf extract of C. woodsonii showed weak antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: From this study, it can conclude that C. woodsonii leaf extract possess weak antioxidant activity and weak antimicrobial activity which need to be further validated by using more antioxidant assays and antimicrobial tests.

Chemical components and biological activities of two freshwater green algae from Ordu, Turkey / Türkiye’nin Ordu ilinden iki tatlı su yeşil alglerinin kimyasal bileşenleri ve biyolojik aktiviteleri

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beyhan Taş ◽  
Ömer Ertürk ◽  
Özlem Yılmaz ◽  
Melek Çol Ayvaz ◽  
Emine Yurdakul Ertürk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Diethyl Ester ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Algal

AbstractObjective: Scientists are looking for new resources which have biological activities. The present study was planned to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ethanol and acetone extracts, as well as the volatile compounds of two freshwater green algal species Spirogyra spp. and Zygnema stellinum (Vaucher) C. Agardh belonging to Zygnemaphyceae (Conjugatophyceae) obtained from Ordu University Campus wetlands.Methods: The extracts were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial effects using disc diffusion method. Total phenolic content and the antioxidative activity according to FRAP and DPPH methods of the extracts were also determined. The secondary metabolites from the investigated extracts were identified using GC-MS.Results: The extracts dramatically inhibited almost all tested microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of the acetone extract of the Zygnema against C. albicans was found as more higher than positive control Nystatin. In accordance with antimicrobial activity, the highest total phenolic content was also determined in the presence of the acetone extract of the Zygnema. Furthermore the highest FRAP value and the lowest EC50 (mg/mL) value were calculated for the same extract. The main components of the all consisted of dimethyl and diethyl ester of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. However, the abundance of these metabolites in the extracts was not associated with antimicrobial or antioxidant activity. Biological activities of these algal species could be attributed to chemicals such as 1-Pentadecene and 1-Tetradecene which were present in smaller amounts.Conclusion: Investigated algal species can be evaluated to use in biotechnological applications such as food industry and medicine.

Antimicrobial activity, total phenolic content and flavonoid concentrations of Teucrium species

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Stanković ◽  
Olgica Stefanović ◽  
Ljiljana Čomić ◽  
Marina Topuzović ◽  
Ivana Radojević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

AbstractIn vitro antimicrobial activity of 21 crude extracts obtained from seven taxa of the genus Teucrium (T. chamaedrys, T. montanum, T. arduini, T. polium, T. scordium subsp. scordium, T. scordium subsp. scordioides and T. botrys) was tested against bacterial and fungal species. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using a microdilution analysis method. Total phenolic content and flavonoid concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically. Total phenols were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their amounts ranged from 28.49 up to 159.84 mg CA/g of extract (chlorogenic acid equivalent). The amounts of flavonoids ranged from 38.17 up to 190.45 mg RU/g of extract (rutin equivalent).The plant extracts showed greater potential of antibacterial than antifungal activity. A relationship was found between total phenolics and biological activity. The highest level of total phenols was measured in the methanol extracts, which demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity than acetone and ethyl acetate extracts. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 appeared to be the most sensitive organism. Our results indicate that Teucrium spp extracts are rich sources of phenolic compounds and are promising candidates for further development as natural antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Origanum dictamnus Traditional Herbal Tea (decoction)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201
Author(s):  
Myrto Varsani ◽  
Konstantia Graikou ◽  
Aristea Velegraki ◽  
Ioanna Chinou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
First Time

In the framework of the re-evaluation of chemistry and biological properties of Greek herbal teas (decoctions), the objective of this study was the estimation of the total phenolic content and the antimicrobial activity as well as the chemical analysis of the water extracts (decoction) of three samples of Cretan dittany ( Origanum dictamnus L) prepared in the traditional way to be used (drunk). Ten secondary metabolites were isolated and elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence for the first time from O. dictamnus drinkable decoction: carvacrol (1), β-sitosterol (2), uvaol (3), ursolic acid (4), rosmarinic acid (5), lithospermic acid (6), ferulic acid (7), cafeic acid (8), p-coumaric acid (9) and apigenin-7- O-glucoside (10). The samples showed a high total phenolic content (185.5-139.7 mg CAE/g) and an interesting antibacterial profile against Gram positive and negative human pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the bioactivity against a panel of Malassezia strains was estimated.

Formulation, Characterization and Antimicrobial efficacy of Aegle marmelos Essential oil nanogel

2021 ◽  
pp. 3662-3668
Author(s):  
Riham Omar Bakr ◽  
Soumaya Saad Zaghloul ◽  
Reham Ibrahim Amer ◽  
Dalia Abd Elaty Mostafa ◽  
Mahitab Helmy El Bishbishy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Esi Ms

Objective: Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa has been widely used in Indian traditional medicine and has many reported pharmacological activities. The aim of this research was to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of Aegle oil (AO) that enhanced the beneficial antimicrobial activity of the oil. Methods: The chemical composition of Aegle leaf essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. Additionally, a phytochemical study of A. marmelos methanolic leaf extract was conducted using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay for determination of total phenolic content as well as ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS-MS) analyses for identification of individual components. Six formulations of AO-loaded SLNs (AO-SLNs) were prepared by a double emulsification method. The particle size, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersibility index (PDI) and drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the SLNs were determined. The morphology of the SLNs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial activity of AO and AO-SLNs was assessed using disc diffusion method. Results: Thirty-two compounds were identified in the Aegle oil, of which Δ-carene and α-phellandrene were the most abundant (48.14% and 34.14%, respectively). The estimated total phenolic content was 968mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, while UPLC-ESI-MS-MS led to the tentative characterization of thirteen metabolites. The SLNs showed ZP, PDI and EE 125 ± 0.22nm, –37.85, 0.282, and 92%, respectively. AO and AO-SLNs showed significant antimicrobial activity, and the SLNs could sustain the release of AO from their gel vehicles. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence for the application of AO-SLNs in topical and transdermal delivery systems.

scholarly journals The antimicrobial activity of Prunella vulgaris extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohaddese Mahboubi ◽  
Atefeh Mahboubi ◽  
Nastaran Kazempour
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Prunella Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Summary Prunella vulgaris ( Labiatae family) or self-heal is traditionally used for different ailments such as eye pain and inflammation, headache, dizziness, sore throat and wound healing. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of extracts (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) were determined by a spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by micro broth dilution assay. The total phenolic content of P. vulgaris extracts were higher in aqueous extract (156.5 mg GAC/g) followed by ethanol extract and methanol extract. The TFC content of P. vulgaris methanol extract (82.8 mg QE/g) was higher than ethanol extract (22.7 mg QE/g) and aqueous extract (16.2 mg QE/g). The antimicrobial activity of methanol or ethanol extracts was higher than aqueous extract from P. vulgaris. The sensitivity of microorganisms to different extracts is related to type of pathogens. There is no positive relation between total phenolic content and its antimicrobial activity. Prunella vulgaris ethanolic extract as a source of phenolic and flavonoid contents can be used as an antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Kainari, a Unique Greek Traditional Herbal Tea, from the Island of Lesvos: Chemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Bampali ◽  
Konstantia Graikou ◽  
Nektarios Aligiannis ◽  
Ioanna Chinou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Herbal Tea

The chemical composition, as well as the total phenolic content (TPC) and the potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, of three Kainari-herbal tea samples from different areas of Lesvos Island (Greece) was evaluated. The rich aroma of the mixtures was studied through GC-MS, as well as through Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME)/GC-MS analyses. Cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, pepper, and ginger were identified as main ingredients, while, throughout the chemical analysis of the volatiles of one selected sample, several secondary metabolites have been isolated and identified on the basis of GC-MS as well as spectral evidence as eugenol, cinnamic aldehyde and myristicin, cinnamyl alcohol, alpha-terpinyl acetate, and β-caryophyllene. Furthermore, two food dyes, azorubine and amaranth, were also isolated and identified from the infusions. The total phenolic content was estimated and the free radical scavenging activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays and the antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested showing a very interesting profile against all the assayed microorganisms. Due to its very pleasant aroma and taste properties as well as to its bioactivities, Kainari-herbal tea could be further proposed as functional beverage.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Iris kashmiriana and Iris ensata Extracts against Selected Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Javeed Iqbal Wagay ◽  
Kirti Jain
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Iris Ensata ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content ◽  
Phytochemical Constituent

Infectious diseases are the second leading cause for worldwide death. Treatment of infections continues to be difficult in modern time because of the severe side effects of some drugs and the growing resistance to antibacterial agents. Over the past few decades the use of antibiotics is under threat as many commonly used antibiotics have become less effective against certain illnesses due to emergence of multi drug-resistant bacteria. In the present study the effects of 3 types of solvents, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were investigated to determine the presence of various phytochemical constituent, total phenolic content, total flavonoids content and in vitro antimicrobial activity from rhizomes of Iris kashmiriana (Kashmir Iris) and Iris ensata (Japanese Iris), belong to family Iridaceae. The reason for selecting in vitro method was to minimize the usage of experimental animals. The antimicrobial activity of chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of rhizomes of Iris kashmiriana and Iris ensata were evaluated on bacterial strains of Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas auregenosa, Proteus vulgaris and Eschirichia coli and fungal strains of Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by agar well diffusion method. The preliminary phytochemical studies and quantitative analysis of alkaloids, phenol and flavonoids were performed by well reported method. These extracts were further subjected to TLC (Thin layer chromatography analysis).  The chemical contents of the Iris kashmiriana and Iris ensata were presented as total phenolic content and total flavonoids content. Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of some common compounds like phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, carbohydrate etc. The antimicrobial potential of the plant extract was evaluated against different bacterial species which shows significant inhibitory action against all the tested bacterial and fungal strain. Methanolic extract was found to be more active than chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. It reveals that the methanol soluble components of the plant are highly active against the above mentioned microorganism. Keywords: Iris kashmiriana, Iris ensata, Phytochemical constituent, Total phenolic content, Total flavonoids content, In vitro antimicrobial activity

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