scholarly journals Red Yeast Rice Mitigates High-Fat Diet Induced-Obesity Related Vascular Dysfunction in Wistar Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14290-14303
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Endothelium Dysfunction

The red yeast rice methanolic extract (RYR) was suggested to have promising therapeutic effects against vascular endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, the protective effects of RYR at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day were investigated in a specific animal model that exhibits a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia and vascular endothelium dysfunction. Vascular endothelial reactivity experiments were evaluated using aorta obtained from adult rats in an ex-vivo organ bath setup. Three consecutive weeks of RYR treatment exhibited a significant reduction in body weight (BW), liver weight (LW), and retroperitoneal fat pad weight (RFPW)/BW ratios as compared to HFD only treated rats where a significant body weight gain was observed. RYR treatment also significantly decreased the average daily food intake, waist, lee index, and body mass index compared to rats treated with HFD only. RYR treatment significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein levels compared to the HFD group. HFD-induced endothelium dysfunction in the aorta of animals was reversed by RYR treatment, comparable to the HFD group. RYR treatment, specifically at 400 mg/kg/day dose, revealed a significant protective effect on vascular endothelium and an improvement in the lipid panel, hence justifying therapeutic involvement of RYR in dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunctions.

scholarly journals Hypertriglyceridemic Rats Fed High Fat Diet as a Model of Metabolic Syndrome

2016 ◽  
pp. S515-S518 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. KAPRINAY ◽  
B. LIPTÁK ◽  
L. SLOVÁK ◽  
K. ŠVÍK ◽  
V. KNEZL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
High Fat

People with metabolic syndrome have higher risk of cardiovascular diseases then those without. The aim of the work was to investigate whether high fat diet administered to Prague hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats can induce signs of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our results showed that HTG rats fed high fat diet (HTGch) had disturbed glucose metabolism and also lipid metabolism – increased serum triacylglycerols (TAG), total cholesterol (Ch), low-density lipoprotein-Ch (LDL-Ch), and decreased high-density lipoprotein-Ch (HDL-Ch). Their livers proved markers of developing steatosis. Moreover, HTGch had increased blood pressure, yet the vascular endothelium was not significantly damaged. All these changes were accompanied with oxidative stress and tissue damage identified as increased liver concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and activity of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAGA). We assume that the model used may be suitable for the study of MetS with no evidence of obesity. Prolongation of the high fat diet duration might have a major impact on all parameters tested, especially on vascular endothelial function.

scholarly journals Essential Oil of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Roxb) Decrease Level of LDL-Cholesterol and Body Weight In Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Darmawan ◽  
Suwijiyo Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the essential oil of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Roxb) on level of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and body weight in rats. The groups were induced by high fat diet for 30 days to produce hyperlipidemia. The rats were treated with essential oil 25 mg/kgBW and simvastatin 25 kg/kgBW for 30 days. The LDL-C and body weight were measured on day one before treatment, and on day thirthy of the treatment. The results showed that the essential oil decreased the level of LDL-C and body weight in rats.Keywords: Javanese turmeric, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, essential oil, lipoprotein, simvastatin

scholarly journals Combination of Berberine with Resveratrol Improves the Lipid-Lowering Efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Zhu ◽  
Jingyi Yang ◽  
Wenjuan Zhu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Yin ◽  
Beibei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor

The natural compound berberine has been reported to exhibit anti-diabetic activity and to improve disordered lipid metabolism. In our previous study, we found that such compounds upregulate expression of sirtuin 1—a key molecule in caloric restriction, it is, therefore, of great interest to examine the lipid-lowering activity of berberine in combination with a sirtuin 1 activator resveratrol. Our results showed that combination of berberine with resveratrol had enhanced hypolipidemic effects in high fat diet-induced mice and was able to decrease the lipid accumulation in adipocytes to a level significantly lower than that in monotherapies. In the high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice, combination of berberine (25 mg/kg/day, oral) with resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day, oral) reduced serum total cholesterol by 27.4% ± 2.2%, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 31.6% ± 3.2%, which was more effective than that of the resveratrol (8.4% ± 2.3%, 6.6% ± 2.1%) or berberine (10.5% ± 1.95%, 9.8% ± 2.58%) monotherapy (p < 0.05 for both). In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the treatment of 12 µmol/L or 20 µmol/L berberine combined with 25 µmol/L resveratrol showed a more significant inhibition of lipid accumulation observed by Oil red O stain compared with individual compounds. Moreover, resveratrol could increase the amount of intracellular berberine in hepatic L02 cells. In addition, the combination of berberine with resveratrol significantly increases the low-density-lipoprotein receptor expression in HepG2 cells to a level about one-fold higher in comparison to individual compound. These results implied that the enhanced effect of the combination of berberine with resveratrol on lipid-lowering may be associated with upregulation of low-density-lipoprotein receptor, and could be an effective therapy for hyperlipidemia in some obese-associated disease, such as type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Quercetin Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Accumulation in the Liver: Implication for Autophagy Regulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Liu ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Ping Yao ◽  
Zhiyong Gong
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Ldl Uptake ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

A growing body of evidence has indicated that high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is usually accompanied by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) deposited in the liver. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on high-fat diet-induced ox-LDL accumulation in the liver and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrate that quercetin supplementation for 24 weeks significantly alleviated high-fat diet-induced liver damage and reduced hepatic cholesterol and ox-LDL level. Quercetin notably inhibited both mRNA and protein expression of CD36 (reduced by 53% and 71%, resp.) and MSR1 (reduced by 25% and 45%, resp.), which were upregulated by high-fat diet. The expression of LC3II was upregulated by 2.4 times whereas that of p62 and mTOR was downregulated by 57% and 63% by quercetin treatment. Therefore, the significantly improved autophagy lysosomal degradation capacity for ox-LDL may be implicated in the hepatoprotective effect of quercetin; scavenger receptors mediated ox-LDL uptake might also be involved.

scholarly journals Indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase knockout limits angiotensin II-induced aneurysm in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice fed with high fat diet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0193737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Metghalchi ◽  
Marie Vandestienne ◽  
Yacine Haddad ◽  
Bruno Esposito ◽  
Julien Dairou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Indoleamine 2 ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Cysteamine Decreases Low‐Density Lipoprotein Oxidation, Causes Regression of Atherosclerosis, and Improves Liver and Muscle Function in Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Deficient Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feroz Ahmad ◽  
Robert D. Mitchell ◽  
Tom Houben ◽  
Angela Palo ◽  
Tulasi Yadati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Deficient Mice

Background We have shown previously that low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) can be oxidized in the lysosomes of macrophages, that this oxidation can be inhibited by cysteamine, an antioxidant that accumulates in lysosomes, and that this drug decreases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor–deficient mice fed a high‐fat diet. We have now performed a regression study with cysteamine, which is of more relevance to the treatment of human disease. Methods and Results LDL receptor–deficient mice were fed a high‐fat diet to induce atherosclerotic lesions. They were then reared on chow diet and drinking water containing cysteamine or plain drinking water. Aortic atherosclerosis was assessed, and samples of liver and skeletal muscle were analyzed. There was no regression of atherosclerosis in the control mice, but cysteamine caused regression of between 32% and 56% compared with the control group, depending on the site of the lesions. Cysteamine substantially increased markers of lesion stability, decreased ceroid, and greatly decreased oxidized phospholipids in the lesions. The liver lipid levels and expression of cluster of differentiation 68, acetyl–coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2, cytochromes P450 (CYP)27, and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were decreased by cysteamine. Skeletal muscle function and oxidative fibers were increased by cysteamine. There were no changes in the plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triacylglycerol concentrations attributable to cysteamine. Conclusions Inhibiting the lysosomal oxidation of LDL in atherosclerotic lesions by antioxidants targeted at lysosomes causes the regression of atherosclerosis and improves liver and muscle characteristics in mice and might be a promising novel therapy for atherosclerosis in patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antiatherogenic effect of Alternanthera brasiliana Linn kuntz in rats on atherogenic diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Urmi Choudhury ◽  
Tarali Devi ◽  
Asha Borah
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
High Fat

Background: Hypercholesterolaemia is a major risk factor for systemic atherosclerosis and a well-known etiological factor for cardiovascular diseases and its complications which is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. In a recent study, the antihyperlipidemic activity of dried leaves extract of Alternanthera brasiliana has been evaluated. Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic potential of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Alternanthera brasiliana L. Kuntz (MEAB) in high fat diet induced hypercholesterolemic rat model.Methods: Thirty (30) wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into five groups: first two groups received normal diet and high fat diet respectively and the remaining three groups received high fat diet supplemented with methanolic extract of Alternanthera brasiliana (MEAB) administered orally daily at two different doses: 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and Atorvastatin 10 mg/kg/day orally as standard respectively. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was estimated after 12 weeks. Atherogenic index was calculated from the results of lipid profile. At the end, the aorta was removed for assessment of atherosclerotic plagues.Results: Our results showed that MEAB possessed significant cholesterol lowering potency as indicated by decrease in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) accompanied by an increase in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and reduces the atherosclerotic lesion of aorta (p <0.05).Conclusions: These results strongly suggests that MEAB can prevent the progress of atherosclerosis likely due to the effect of A. brasiliana on serum lipoproteins and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It could be a potential therapy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECT 0F SITAGLIPTIN AND COMBINATION THERAPY OF SITAGLIPTIN AND METFORMIN ON HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN(HDL) AND LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN(LDL) IN DIABETIC RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
Yasmeen A Maniyar ◽  
Siddarameshwar C Bidarurmath
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Low Density ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
System Disorder

Diabetes mellitus is a multi system disorder leading to multiple complications.Dyslipedemia plays central role in most of the complications.HDL,LDL levels are amongst the parameters which are used to asses dyslipidemia .This study aims to evaluate the effect of sitagliptin and combination of sitagliptin and metformin on HDL,LDL levels in diabetes induced Albino Wistar rats. Albino Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups . Diabetes was induced by high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin . Metformin was used as standard drug. Rats were administered sitagliptin and combination of both metformin and sitagliptin for 21 days.After treatment LDL and HDL levels were evaluated. It was found that in groups treated with metformin, sitagliptin and combination of both drugs there was significant increase in HDL and reduction in LDL levels.

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