Turbid Water Treatment Using Deshelled Carica papaya Seed: Analysis Via Factorial Design

Natural coagulants are proven to be a good alternative to conventional coagulants with the removal of various pollutants and are environmentally friendly. Despite its advantages, the least studies were carried out on local agro-wastes such as papaya seeds as natural coagulants concerning different operational factors. The study analyzes the main and interactions effect between the coagulant dosage, initial turbidity, and pH on deshelled Carica papaya seeds for turbid water treatment. A 2-level factorial design was used to investigate the main and interaction effects of the main operational factors, viz. coagulant dosage (50-200 mg/L), pH (3-7), and initial turbidity (100-500 NTU) on the turbidity removal of the synthetic turbid water. Based on individual performance, the results suggested that initial turbidity and pH are the most significant factors among the investigated operational factors. In combination, all interactions are significant, but the interaction between initial turbidity and pH is most significant, with 97.2% turbidity removal. Upon application of Carica papaya seed as a natural coagulant in water and wastewater treatment, these operating variables and their interactions are best to be considered.

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Potential of Carica papaya Seed-Derived Bio-Coagulant to Remove Turbidity from Polluted Water Assessed through Experimental and Modeling-Based Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5715

Author(s):

Amir Hariz Amran ◽

Nur Syamimi Zaidi ◽

Achmad Syafiuddin ◽

Loh Zhang Zhan ◽

Muhammad Burhanuddin Bahrodin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Spectroscopy Analysis ◽

Coagulation Activity ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Papaya Seeds ◽

Carica Papaya Seed ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Central Composite

It is important to develop renewable bio-coagulants to treat turbid water and efficient use of these bio-coagulants requires process optimization to achieve robustness. This study was conducted to optimize the coagulation process using bio-coagulant of deshelled Carica papaya seeds by employing response surface methodology (RSM). This bio-coagulant was extracted by a chemical-free solvent. The experiments were conducted using the Central Composite Design (CCD). Initially, the functional groups and protein content of the bio-coagulant were analyzed. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis showed that the bio-coagulant contained OH, C=O and C-O functional groups, which enabled the protein to become polyelectrolyte. The highest efficiency of the bio-coagulant was obtained at dosage of 196 mg/L, pH 4.0 and initial turbidity of 500 NTU. At the optimum conditions, the bio-coagulant achieved 88% turbidity removal with a corresponding 83% coagulation activity. These findings suggested that the deshelled Carica papaya seeds have potential as a promising bio-coagulant in treating the polluted water.

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Factorial optimization of Coagulation-Flocculation process for Abattoir Wastewater using Carica Papaya seed extract as bio-coagulant

Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances ◽

10.30574/gjeta.2021.9.2.0143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 009-016

Author(s):

Mmasinachi Mary Nweke ◽

Franklin O. Chukwuma ◽

Benson O. Evbuomwan ◽

Akuma Oji

Keyword(s):

Carica Papaya ◽

P Value ◽

Jar Test ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Reduction Efficiency ◽

Abattoir Wastewater ◽

Carica Papaya Seed ◽

Factorial Optimization ◽

Flocculation Process ◽

Papaya Seed

The objective of this research was to optimize the coagulation-flocculation process for abattoir wastewater by utilizing a bio-coagulant derived from Carica Papaya seed (CPS). The bio-coagulant (CPC) was extracted from the Carica Papaya seed using a 2M NaCl solution, and the coagulation-flocculation process was carried out using a bench scale jar test. Applying design expert (13.0.5.0), 23 full factorials with 5 center points, the effects of three factors: coagulant dosage (X1), pH of the wastewater (X2), and temperature (X3) on turbidity reduction efficiency were examined. Applying ANOVA, it was discovered that a linear model best characterizes the process, with a significant p-value of 0.0015, showing that the model is significant. Additionally, the temperature is a significant component in the model, with a p-value of 0.02 indicating that the temperature is statistically significant. A turbidity reduction efficiency of 90.02 % was attained at the optimum conditions of 0.75g/L of CPC, pH of 6, and temperature of 308 K.

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Effect of Aqueous extract on carica papaya seed and back on the Testes and sperm morphology of male wister rats

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) ◽

10.29322/ijsrp.9.09.2019.p9389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. p9389

Author(s):

Ovie F.O ◽

Ndukwe G.U ◽

Oliver N.L ◽

Obi K.C ◽

Aguwa U.S ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Sperm Morphology ◽

Carica Papaya Seed ◽

Papaya Seed

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Anealisis Uji Pendahuluan Aktivitas Antikanker Ekstrak Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L) dengan Metode BSLT

Journal of Pharmacy and Science ◽

10.53342/pharmasci.v4i1.122 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

Ninik Mas Ulfa ◽

Galuh Gondo Kusumo ◽

Ilil Maidatuz Zulfa

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Activity ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Tropical Plant ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Papaya Seeds ◽

Preliminary Research ◽

Papaya Seed

ABSTRAKTumbuhan pepaya (carica papaya L) merupakan tumbuhan tropis yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Tumbuhan ini mempunyai banyak manfaatnya mulai dari buah, biji, hingga daunnya. Penelitian pendahuluan menyebutkan buah pepaya mengandung alkaloid dan flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antikanker. Senyawa BenzylIsothiocyanat diketahui banyak terdapat pada biji dan buah pepaya yang sudah matang. Kandungan BenzylIsothiocyanat mempunyai khasiat sebagai antikanker. Pemanfaatan limbah biji pepaya pada penelitian ini untuk membuktikan aktivitas Benzyl-Isothiacyanat yang berkhasiat sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antikanker dari Ekstrak kental biji pepaya dengan menggunakan metode BSLT. Konsentrasi ekstrak kentak yang digunakan yaitu 100 ppm, 200 ppm dan 300 ppm masing-masing diujikan pada 10 larva udang dalam air laut. Diperoleh hasil rata-rata kematian pada konsentrasi 100 ppm adalah 4,3, 200 ppm adalah 5,3 dan 300 ppm adalah 6,7. Hasil regresi linearitas menunjukkan aktivitas antikaker pada uji BSLT dari Ekstrak kental biji pepaya dengan LC50 sebesar 163,89 ppm. Dengan demikian ekstrak kental biji pepaya tersebut berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan antikanker alamiKata kunci: Aktivitas antikanker, Carica papaya, metode BSLT.ABSTRACTPapaya plant (carica papaya L) is a tropical plant that is widely found in Indonesian. This plant has many benefits ranging from fruit, seeds, to leaves. Preliminary research says papaya fruit contains alkaloids andflavonoids which are efficacious as anticancer. Benzyl-Isothiocyanat compounds are known to be widely found in ripe papaya seeds and fruit. The content of Benzyl-Isothiocyanat has properties as an anticancer. The use of papaya seed waste in this study is to prove the activity of Benzyl-Isothiacyanat which is efficacious as an anticancer. This research is a preliminary study to analyze the anticancer activity of thick papaya seeds using the BSLT method. The concentrations of used fart extracts were 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm each tested on 10 shrimp larvae in seawater. The results of the average mortality at concentrations of 100 ppm were 4.3, 200 ppm were 5.3 and 300 ppm was 6.7. The linearity regression results showed the anticaker activity in the BSLT test from the thick extract of papaya seeds with LC50 of 163.89 ppm. Thus the thick extract of papaya seeds has the potential to be developed as a natural anticancer material.Key Words : Anticancer activity, BSLT method, Carica papaya.

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Methanolysis of Carica papaya Seed Oil for Production of Biodiesel

Journal of Fuels ◽

10.1155/2014/904076 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Foluso O. Agunbiade ◽

Tolulope A. Adewole

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Copper Strip ◽

Saponification Value ◽

Biodiesel Synthesis ◽

Carica Papaya Seed ◽

Papaya Seed

The future of fossil fuel sources of energy has necessitated the need to search for renewable alternatives. Thus, Carica papaya seed oil (CPSO) was employed as feedstock for the production of biodiesel by methanolysis. The seed was obtained locally, dried, and extracted with n-hexane. The CPSO was analyzed for specific gravity, viscosity, iodine value, and saponification value, among others using standard methods. The oil was transesterified by two-stage catalysis with oil to methanol mole ratio of 1 : 9. The biodiesel produced was subjected to standard fuel tests. The seed has an oil yield of 31.2% which is commercially viable. The kinematic viscosity of the oil at 313 K was 27.4 mm2s−1 while that of Carica papaya oil methylester (CPOME) was reduced to 3.57 mm2s−1 and the specific gravity was 0.84 comparable with other seed-oil biodiesels and number 2 diesel. Other oil properties were compared favourably with seed oils already documented for biodiesel synthesis. CPOME’s cloud and pour points were 275 K and 274 K, respectively, and relatively higher than other biodiesels and number 2 diesel. CPOME exhibits moderate corrosion of copper strip. The methanolysis improved the fuel properties of the CPOME similar to other biodiesels. CPSO therefore exhibits a potential for biodiesel production.

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