A Child with Chronic Fungal Infection in Bangladesh that Mimicked Malignancy: Disseminated Histoplasmosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshita Reza Khan ◽  
Chowdhury Yakub Jamal ◽  
Anwarul Karim ◽  
Ismat Nigar ◽  
Farah Diba
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Multiple Abscess ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Reservoir

Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, which primarily causes a pulmonary disease. It is found throughout the world with the soil being the environmental reservoir. In infants and toddlers, disseminated histoplasmosis is the commonest presentation. In this age group, 60-80% patients has acute disseminated progressive disease. Disseminated histoplasmosis may also cause bone involvement with osteolytic lesion. Here, we have described a rare and unusual disseminated histoplasmosis, a 3 and half year old boy from Bangladesh with multiple abscess like soft tissue lesions, along with multiple osteolytic bone lesions.Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (2) :94-97

scholarly journals Disseminated histoplasmosis in a renal transplant recipient – a fatal case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Tânia Mara L.B. Araújo ◽  
Geraldo B. Silva Junior ◽  
Orivaldo A. Barbosa ◽  
Rafael S.A. Lima ◽  
Elizabeth F. Daher
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipient ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Vasoactive Drugs ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum.. The disseminated form is usually found in immunocompromised patients. A 53 year-old man, renal transplant recipient, was admitted with fever, dyspnea, productive cough, adynamia and weight loss. He was septic, but hemodynamically stable. The tracheal aspirate found intracellular fungi and the peripheral blood exam was compatible with histoplasmosis. The patient presented a progressive worsening of respiratory pattern and needed mechanical ventilation, vasoactive drugs and hemodialysis. A large spectrum antimicrobial therapy was started, including amphotericin B, but the patient died. Keyword: Disseminated histoplasmosis. Kidney transplantation. Immunosuppression DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.7125 JOM 2011; 12(2): 163-165

scholarly journals Typical Facial Lesions: A Window of Suspicion for Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis—A Case of Asian Prototype

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Prasan K. Panda ◽  
Siddharth Jain ◽  
Rita Sood ◽  
Rajni Yadav ◽  
Naval K. Vikram
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis is caused by a dimorphic fungusHistoplasma capsulatumin endemic areas, mainly America, Africa, and Asia. In India, it is being reported from most states; however, it is endemic along the Ganges belt. We report a case of an apparently immunocompetent male who presented with 3-month history of fever, cough, and weight loss with recent onset odynophagia and had hepatosplenomegaly and mucocutaneous lesions over the face. The differential diagnosis of leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, leprosy, fungal infection, lymphoproliferative malignancy, and other granulomatous disorders was considered, but he succumbed to his illness. Antemortem skin biopsy and bone marrow aspiration along with postmortem liver, lung, and spleen biopsy showed disseminated histoplasmosis. This case highlights the need for an early suspicion of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in the presence of classical mucocutaneous lesions even in an immunocompetent patient suffering from a febrile illness. Cure rate approaches almost 100% with early treatment, whereas it is universally fatal if left untreated.

scholarly journals Pulmonary histoplasmosis: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-150
Author(s):  
Sunzida Arina
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Histoplasmosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Itraconazole Treatment

Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It is widely distributed throughout the world. In present study, the case of a 50-year-old male patient diagnosed as pulmonary histoplasmosis. Initially, the patient was suspected as a case of alcoholic hepatitis but subsequently the diagnosis of pulmonary histoplasmosis was confirmed by lung biopsy. The symptoms were dissuaded following amphotericin B and itraconazole treatment.

Epiglottic Histoplasmosis Presenting in a Nonendemic Region: A Clinical Mimic of Laryngeal Carcinoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn D. O'Hara ◽  
Michael W. Allegretto ◽  
Geoffrey D. Taylor ◽  
Phillip A. Isotalo
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Chronic Ulcers ◽  
Physical Findings

Abstract Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus endemic to North America. Histoplasmosis is primarily an inhalation-acquired mycosis that is encountered rarely outside of endemic regions. In nonendemic regions, histoplasmosis may present a diagnostic challenge and both clinical and laboratory vigilance are required to accurately identify infection. Unusual clinical presentations with limited physical findings may compound the difficulty in diagnosis. We describe a 78-year-old retired soil science professor who presented with an eroded epiglottic mass secondary to disseminated histoplasmosis in a nonendemic region (Alberta). Clinically, this mass was thought to represent a primary laryngeal carcinoma, as no other buccal or oropharyngeal ulcers were identified. Histoplasmosis was confirmed by tissue biopsy and a positive immunodiffusion test for immunoglobulin G. Disseminated histoplasmosis is often associated with laryngeal and oropharyngeal disease; however, isolated epiglottic histoplasmosis is rare. Histoplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of neoplasms and chronic ulcers of the upper aerodigestive tract.

scholarly journals In VitroAntifungal Susceptibility Profile and Correlation of Mycelial and Yeast Forms of Molecularly Characterized Histoplasma capsulatum Strains from India

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 5613-5616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shallu Kathuria ◽  
Pradeep K. Singh ◽  
Jacques F. Meis ◽  
Anuradha Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Yeast Form ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACTThe antifungal susceptibility profiles of the mycelial and yeast forms of 23Histoplasma capsulatumstrains from pulmonary and disseminated histoplasmosis patients in India are reported here. The MIC data of this dimorphic fungus had good agreement between both forms for azoles, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. Therefore, the use of mycelial inocula forH. capsulatumantifungal susceptibility testing is suggested, which is less time-consuming vis-à-vis the yeast form, which requires 6 to 8 weeks for conversion.

scholarly journals An Italian Case of Disseminated Histoplasmosis Associated with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Chiara Papalini ◽  
Barbara Belfiori ◽  
Giovanni Martino ◽  
Rita Papili ◽  
Lucia Pitzurra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
One Year

Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, endemic in the Americas, Africa (var. duboisii), India, and Southeast Asia. H. capsulatum infection is rarely diagnosed in Italy, while in Latin America, progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) is one of the most frequent AIDS-defining illnesses and causes of AIDS-related deaths. We report a case of PDH and new HIV infection diagnosis in a Cuban patient, who has been living in Italy for the past 10 years. Bone marrow aspirate and peripheral blood smear microscopy suggested H. capsulatum infection. The diagnosis was confirmed with the culture method identifying its thermal dimorphism. Liposomal amphotericin B was administered alone for 10 days and then for another 2 days, accompanied with voriconazole; the former was stopped for probable side effects (persistent fever and worsening thrombocytopenia), and voriconazole was continued to complete 4 weeks. PDH maintenance treatment consisted of itraconazole for one year. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was started on the third week of antifungal treatment. At the 3-year follow-up, the patient is adherent on ART, the virus was suppressed, and she has an optimal immune recovery. This case highlights the need to suspect histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised persons, native to or who have traveled to endemic countries.

scholarly journals Primary Central Nervous System Infection by Histoplasma in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Henry Koiti Sato ◽  
◽  
Joel Fernando Sanabria Duarte ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Immunocompetent Adult ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
The World

Histoplasma capsulatum infection is endemic in many regions around the world, including Latin America [1]. However, cerebral presentation occurs in less than 25% of patients with disseminated histoplasmosis and even rarer as a stand-alone presentation. Three forms are described: meningeal, miliary granulomatous and parenchymal with formation of “histoplasmoma” [2]. Due to the rarity of the case and unusual clinical presentation and topography we describe the case below.

scholarly journals Histoplasmosis Diagnosed in Europe and Israel: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature from 2005 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Spinello Antinori ◽  
Andrea Giacomelli ◽  
Mario Corbellino ◽  
Alessandro Torre ◽  
Marco Schiuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Living With Hiv

Human histoplasmosis is a mycosis caused by two distinct varieties of a dimorphic fungus: Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and H. capsulatum var. duboisii. In Europe, it is usually imported by migrants and travellers, although there have been some autochthonous cases, especially in Italy; however, most European physicians are unfamiliar with its clinical and pathological picture, particularly among immunocompromised patients without HIV infection. This systematic review of all the cases of histoplasmosis reported in Europe and Israel between 2005 and 2020 identified 728 cases diagnosed in 17 European countries and Israel described in 133 articles. The vast majority were imported (mainly from Central and South America), but there were also seven autochthonous cases (six in Europe and one in Israel). The patients were prevalently males (60.4%), and their ages ranged from 2 to 86 years. The time between leaving an endemic region and the diagnosis of histoplasmosis varied from a few weeks to more than 40 years. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis was the most frequent clinical picture among people living with HIV infection (89.5%) or a different immunocompromising condition (57.1%), but it was also recorded in 6.2% of immunocompetent patients. Twenty-eight cases were caused by Histoplasma duboisii. Immunocompromised patients without HIV infection had the worst outcomes, with a mortality rate of 32%.

Disseminated histoplasmosis and tuberculosis: dual infection in a non-endemic region

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e235531
Author(s):  
Karuna Anot ◽  
Sanjana Sharma ◽  
Monica Gupta ◽  
Daljinderjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus that spreads commonly by contamination of soil with bird and bat droppings. The infection remains latent in most patients until manifested by reduced immune status, for example, HIV/AIDS, corticosteroid/immunosuppressive therapy or in solid organ transplant recipients. Tuberculosis and histoplasmosis may cooccur rarely in HIV and the clinical resemblance of both diseases may hinder identification of patients’ harbouring dual infection, especially in regions non-endemic for histoplasmosis. We report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis with disseminated tuberculosis in an incidentally detected patient with HIV-positive who presented with reports of fever and skin rash for 10 days. The Mantoux positivity and CT of chest and abdomen revealing multiple necrotic lymph nodes coupled with bone marrow and skin biopsy divulging histoplasmosis and tuberculosis helped us clinch the concurrent infection.

scholarly journals DISSEMINATED HISTOPLASMOSIS LEADING TO HAEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
I. D. Khan ◽  
M. Brijwal ◽  
I. Joshi ◽  
B. Singh ◽  
B. Poonia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis

Background: Emerging fungal infections can pose a serious threat in contemporary healthcare due to host variations, clinical presentation and emerging resistance. Histoplasma capsulatum is a thermally dimorphic fungus, which acts as a Trojan horse by residing inside macrophages. Histoplasmosis is an emerging infection and its association with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in immunocompetent patients has been scantily reported in the literature. Objective. The aim of the study was to explore disseminated histoplasmosis with the help of case report. Methods: A case report of histoid leprosy is presented. Results: A male patient of 47 yearsof age, under treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for five years and diabetes mellitus Type-II for two years, presented with fever of unknown origin (FUO) with evidence of HLH in the bone marrow. Core biopsy of the liver and spleen showed a dense tissue infiltrate with vacuolated histiocytes containing histoplasma capsulatum, eosinophils, some lymphocytes and plasma cells. Conclusion: Histoid leprosy is a discrete infrequent form of multibacillary leprosy with distinctive clinical, bacteriological and histomorphological features. Histopathologic examination with modified fite stain remains the mainstay of diagnosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document